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Steelmaking processes consume a lot of energy and materials, therefore researchers are constantly looking for new ways of reducing the consumption of resources in the production processes. The main purpose of the article is to present abiotic resource depletion the in steel production in the case of integrated steelmaking route in Poland and its role in life cycle assessment. There are different methods of life cycle assessment for abiotic resources, the use of which affects the quality of the obtained information. The article presents some results of life cycle assessment of abiotic depletion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the study was to evaluate material and energy flow analysis (MEFA) of steel production. The application of umberto universal software to devise MEFA for the steel production was presented. The material and energy flow analysis of steel production includes a range of technologies through each unit process in integrated steelmaking route in Poland. Modelling MEFA helps a high level of technology to be reached through the effective use of resources and energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the study was the assessment of the water scarcity in steel production in integrated steelmaking route in Poland. The main goal of Water footprint (WF) is quantifying and mapping of direct and indirect water use in life cycle of product or technology. In the paper Water Scarcity Indicators (WSI) for steel production and unit processes in integrated steelmaking route was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]