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Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis still remains an important differential diagnosis for chronic musculoskeletal ailments in developing countries like India and may involve any part of the body without characteristic systemic features. We are presenting a rare case of a four-year-old female child, who came to our tertiary-care hospital with chief complaints of pain in the left foot along with a gradually increasing swelling over the dorsum of the foot for the past five months. There was no history of trauma or constitutional symptoms. The serum inflammatory markers were found raised, and X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an isolated lytic lesion in the talus bone. Debridement, as well as curettage of the lesion, was done, both as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. A caseous cheesy material was evacuated and sent for microbiological and histopathological evaluation, which revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli and granulomatous lesion confirming the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The patient was started with anti-tubercular chemotherapy, which continued for a total duration of 14 months, along with foot and ankle immobilization in a below-knee cast for three months. After completion of therapy, there was complete resolution of the lytic lesion on x-ray, with full symptom relief, and a full range of movement of the ankle was obtained. In cases with longstanding pain and swelling of the foot, with or without associated systemic symptoms, tuberculosis should be considered as a strong differential diagnosis even in young children, especially in developing countries. Diagnostic and therapeutic curettage along with anti-tubercular chemotherapy can result in a good functional outcome in such patients.

We describe the case of a 20-year-old man who presented with a bony swelling over the medial proximal tibia that caused pain along the pes anserinus tendons, and a history of multiple asymptomatic bony swellings. Wide extraperiosteal resection of the swelling relieved the symptoms with a good outcome within a year. This report describes the pictorial pathoanatomy of a relatively rare association of pes anserinus syndrome caused by osteochondroma in an adult patient. Proximal tibial osteochondromas can also present as pes anserinus syndrome in adult patients with diaphyseal aclasis. Large swellings require wide excision to relieve the stretching pain of pes tendons.

Pediatric distal forearm fractures are very commonly seen in orthopedic and trauma services. The majority of such fractures involve either distal radius alone or concomitant with distal ulna physis. Isolated injuries of the distal ulna physis are exceedingly rare. Moreover, only one case of isolated Salter-Harris type III distal ulnar physeal injury has been reported in English literature. We report the second such case of isolated distal ulnar physeal injury with Salter-Harris type III pattern in a 15-year-old male child. The injury was treated conservatively in a short-arm splint for four weeks with a good outcome. At the last follow-up of one year, there was no physeal abnormality or growth disturbance detected. Such injuries need to be ruled out in all pediatric distal forearm fractures and can be managed conservatively, if undisplaced, with good outcomes. These patients also need regular monitoring till the closure of the physis to look for the development of any ulnar shortening or deformity due to physeal growth arrest.

Fracture dislocations are common around the elbow joint. However, closed fracture of the distal radius with ipsilateral elbow dislocation is an uncommon injury pattern. We discuss the case of a middle-aged woman presenting with posterolateral elbow dislocation with concomitant ipsilateral closed intra-articular fracture of the distal radius. It was treated with closed reduction for the elbow dislocation first followed by closed reduction for the distal radius fracture. Even with conservative management, the patient had a good functional outcome at one year. The importance and incidence of such a rare injury pattern and the possible mechanism of injury has been discussed.

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are the most common knee ligament injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the investigation of choice for detecting such injuries. We report two cases of acute grade 3 MCL tears in young adults in which the injury was suspected clinically and was later confirmed by surgical exploration. However, the MRI failed to pick up the exact nature of injury. This report signifies the importance of an appropriate clinical examination for MCL injuries and stresses that decision-making for treatment should be based on the clinical examination rather than the MRI.

Osteo-articular tuberculosis continues to be a major global pandemic, with its greatest impact in the third-world countries. Among osteo-articular tuberculosis, plantar localisation, particularly isolated involvement of the talus is an extremely rare event. We discuss the case of a 20-year-old male diagnosed with isolated tuberculosis of right talus without the radiological involvement of the distal tibia, fibula or calcaneum. The diagnosis was made with the help of magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed through core biopsy of the talus. He was treated with multi-drug antitubercular chemotherapy and ankle immobilization with protected weight bearing with good results.

Osteochondromas are the most common bone tumours. Although these tumors are relatively common in the long bones of children, the varied clinical and radiographic presentation of such neoplasms around the knee joint can cause diagnostic delays, especially when not associated with a palpable swelling. Proximal tibial osteochondromas can sometimes unusually present as spurs/ rose thorns leading to pes anserinus bursitis and vague knee pain. We describe the clinico-radiographic features of such proximal tibial metaphyseal osteochondromas giving rise to pes anserinus bursitis in three children, including bilaterally symmetrical osteochondroma in one of the cases, who were treated conservatively with good outcomes.