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Abomasal cannulation, an important research tool in experimental procedures, provides a method for the placement of an abomasal cannula in sheep. he aim of this study was to describe a technique for laparoscopic abomasal cannulation in sheep. It was performed in six anaesthetised sheep positioned in dorsal recumbency using three portals in the abdomen. he irst absorbable traction suture was placed 1 cm cranial to the determined abomasal cannula site. A stab incision was made with a laparoscopic monopolar hook electrode in the middle of a purse-string suture placed around the abomasal cannula site. he T-shaped cannula was inserted into the abomasum lumen through the stab incision, and the second traction suture was then placed 1 cm caudal to the abomasal cannula site. he T-shaped abomasal cannula was pulled out of the abdominal cavity through the exit wound located 3-5 cm lateral and 10-12 cm cranial to the right side of the umbilicus. he two traction sutures were tied. he T-shaped cannula was secured to the skin with a inger-trap suture. Repeat laparoscopy was performed 1 month later. Firm adhesion between the abomasum and abdominal wall was observed in all sheep, with no evidence of leakage or peritonitis. No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were encountered. he median surgical time was 49 min, with a range from 42 to 58 min. he abomasal contents were collected easily. In conclusion, laparoscopic abomasal cannulation is safe and easy to perform. Its low complication rates and the "ideal" placement of the tube into the abomasum make it an especially attractive alternative to traditional surgical abomasal cannulation in veterinary practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiorespiratory effects were assessed during ketamine/xylazine premedication followed by emulsified isoflurane anaesthesia in swine undergoing experimental embryo transplantation. Ketamine (10 mg/kg) and xylazine (3.5 mg/kg) were premedicated intravenously, followed by continuous administration of intravenous emulsified isoflurane (2.8 ml/kg/h). Cardiorespiratory parameters, including heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, and rectal temperature, were recorded in sows undergoing surgical embryo transplantation. Ketamine/xylazine premedication resulted in anaesthetic induction and lateral recumbency within 1 minute without any adverse effects. The physiological changes observed after drug administration remained within biologically acceptable limits. In conclusion, the combination of ketamine/xylazine provided anaesthetic induction, muscle relaxation, and analgesia sufficient for emulsified isoflurane intravenous anaesthesia. There were no adverse events in the experimental animals. This finding supports the use of emulsified isoflurane following ketamine/xylazine premedication in pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]