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The current state of biofuel distribution in EU, USA and Ukraine and its perspectives, new alternative sources of renewable energy , advantages and disadvantages of their use have been analyzed in this review. The concept growing of energy cultures in Ukraine has been described. Prospects for the use of bioenergy cultures of the 2nd generation have been considered. Particular attention has been paid to advantages and peculiarities of growing cultures with high potential of productivity - willow and poplar. The role of phytoplasmas in plant pathology has been considered; the pathways of distribution of plant phytoplasmosis, their localization in plant-host cells, typical symptoms of plants affected phytoplasmal diseases have been described, as well as attention has been paid to the distribution of phytoplasmas in Europe and Ukraine, which are capable to affect the perspective bioenergy cultures of wood species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]