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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global challenge. Finding new specific targets has significant clinical value for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we discovered a new biomarker targeting HCC. At present, the role of Inner Membrane Mitochondrial Protein (IMMT) in various malignant tumors is receiving increasing attention, but its molecular mechanism of action in the malignant process of HCC has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the key regulatory mechanisms of IMMT in the formation of HCC. Using TCGA data and clinical HCC samples, we first studied the expression of IMMT in HCC tissues and its correlation with malignant prognosis of patients. The regulatory effect of IMMT on HCC was studied by lentivirus infection. In vitro, the effects of IMMT on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cells were investigated by CCK8, colony formation assay, transwell and flow cytometry. Consistently, in vivo experiments, the regulation of tumor growth by IMMT was studied by constructing subcutaneous transplanted tumor and liver carcinoma in situ. In terms of mechanism, we predicted and verified the downstream genes of IMMT with the help of string database. We found that IMMT was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and was significantly positively correlated with poor prognosis of patients. Functionally, we demonstrated that IMMT knockdown significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Similarly, the knockdown of IMMT also significantly weakened the progression of tumors in vivo. In terms of mechanism, we demonstrate for the first time that IMMT can regulate the progression of HCC by influencing the activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Collectively, our research findings elucidate the hitherto unexplored important role of the IMMT/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in the formation of HCC, and provide a new biomarker for clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]