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Natnael Moges Misganaw,1 Girum Sebsbie,2 Mekonen Adimasu,2 Fekadeselassie Belege Getaneh,3 Getachew Arage,1 Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus,4 Wubet Alebachew Bayih,1 Ermias Sisay Chanie,1 Berihun Bantie,5 Gashaw Kerebeh,1 Dires Birhanu,6 Tadeg Jemere,7 Anteneh Mengist,8 Amare Kassaw1 1Debre Tabor University, College of Health Science, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Addis Ababa University, College of Health Science, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Wollo University, College of Health Science, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Dessie, Ethiopia; 4Wolkite University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Wolkite, Ethiopia; 5Debre Tabor University, College of Health Science, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 6Dilla University, College of Health Science, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Dilla, Ethiopia; 7Debre Tabor University, College of Health Science, Department of Biomedical Science, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 8Debre Tabor University, College of Health Science, Department of Public Health, Debre Tabor, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Natnael Moges Misganaw, Email natumoges611@gmail.comBackground: Esophageal atresia is an upper gastrointestinal tract developmental abnormality in which the upper and lower esophagus do not connect. Esophageal atresia has a higher incidence of death in sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from 30% to 80%. In Ethiopia, infants with esophageal atresia had a higher mortality rate. The assessment of time to death and predictors of esophageal atresia can help to reduce newborn mortality.Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the time to death and predictors of neonates with esophageal atresia admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 225 neonates diagnosed with esophageal atresia. The median survival time, Kaplan–Meier failure estimation curve, and Log rank test were computed. Bivariable and multivariable Cox regression hazards models were fitted to identify the predictors of time to death. Hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: In the study, the incidence density rate of neonates diagnosed with esophageal atresia was 5.5 (95% CI, 4.7– 6.4) per 100-neonates day. The median time to death was 11 days (95% confidence interval (CI), 8.92– 13.08). Birth weight < 2500 g (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=1.49, 95% CI, 1.02 − 2.21), having sepsis (AHR=1.67,95% CI, 1.15– 2.44), being malnourished (AHR = 1.61, 95% CI, 1.03 − 2.58), esophageal atretic neonates without surgery (AHR = 3.72, 95% CI, 1.34– 10.38), diagnosis time at > 48 hours of admission (AHR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.01– 2.15) and being dehydrated (AHR = 2.38, 95% CI, 1.63– 3.46) were significant predictors of time to death among esophageal atretic neonates.Conclusion: The findings in this study highlighted the necessity of early diagnosis, proper comorbidity treatment, and timely surgical intervention to reduce infant deaths due to esophageal atresia.Keywords: esophageal atresia, time to death, Ethiopia

Ayechew Ademas,1 Metadel Adane,1 Awoke Keleb,1 Gete Berihun,1 Mistir Lingerew,1 Tadesse Sisay,1 Seada Hassen,1 Melaku Getachew,1 Getu Tesfaw,2 Dejen Getaneh Feleke,3 Elsabeth Addisu,4 Leykun Berhanu,1 Masresha Abebe,1 Adinew Gizeyatu,1 Habtemariam Abate,5 Atimen Derso1 1Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 4Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia; 5Department of Environmental Health Regulatory Directorate, Addis Ababa Food Medicines and Health Care Control Authority, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Ayechew Ademas Email aayechew19@gmail.comBackground: Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) is affecting many people. Chronic patients are highly vulnerable to contracting an infection. Most people recover within a week, but chronic patients can face severe illness or death. The increasing of cases, complications, and mortality demands compulsory preventive measures. Therefore, this study was designed to identify major preventive practices and associated factors.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed from November to December 2020 among diabetics and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients in Dessie referral hospital. Data were entered into EpiData manager 4.6.0 version and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0 for data cleaning and analysis. Logistic regression analysis was done and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for determining the strength of association.Results: Data were collected from 426 participants with a mean age of 46.54 years. The overall poor prevention practice rate of COVID-19 among diabetic and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients was 68.8% 95% CI (64.6– 72.8%). Factors significantly associated with poor prevention practice were femaleness (AOR; 1.61; 95% CI; 1.03– 2.51), illiterate [AOR; 2.59; 95% CI; 1.33– 5.09]), family size greater than four (AOR; 2.06; 95% CI; 1.32– 3.23), absence of health professional in the household (AOR; 1.79; 95% CI; 1.13– 2.84), not having health insurance (AOR; 1.85; 95% CI; 1.18– 2.89) and urban residence (AOR; 0.38; 95% CI; 0.18– 0.79).Conclusion: The overall proportion of prevention practice towards COVID-19 among diabetic and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients was poor. Illiteracy, having a family size greater than four, not having health professionals in the household, not having health insurance and urban residency were associated with poor prevention practices. Therefore, continuous health educations about good preventive behavioral practice should be enhanced by the health professionals.Keywords: behavioral practice, COVID-19, Ethiopia, prevention