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Yothin Titawattanakul, Kittisak Kulvichit, Adisai Varadisai, Apivat Mavichak Vitreo-retina Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Kittisak KulvichitDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandTel +66 2 2564000Email kulvichit@gmail.comIntroduction: The earlier treat stage 3 ROP is more likely to achieve better outcomes.Primary Purpose: To study the unfavorable outcomes and regression after pre-early treatment for ROP.Secondary Purpose: To evaluate the progression and recurrence of ROP requiring retreatment after pre-early treatment for ROP.Patients and Methods: The data were retrieved retrospectively from the medical records of all infants who were screened and treated for ROP from January 2009 to January 2014 at a tertiary care facility. The outcomes measured the following: 1. unfavorable outcomes; 2. regression of ROP; 3. progression of ROP and 4. recurrence of ROP requiring retreatment. We treated all stage 3 ROP in any zone, with or without plus. The study also compared the outcomes between the pre-ETROP and the ETROP subgroups.Results: There were 91 eyes with stage 3 ROP. Of the total of 91 eyes, there were 63 eyes with the pre-ETROP group and 28 eyes of the ETROP group. The unfavorable outcomes after treatment occur 6 eyes from 28 eyes (21.43%) in the ETROP group but no unfavorable outcomes in the pre-ETROP group (P=0.001). The pre-ETROP group who were treated with laser LIO alone had 100% regression, while the ETROP group who were treated with LIO (26 eyes) had 88.46% regression. There were 2 eyes of this group who were treated with a combination of LIO and IVT Bevacizumab. Both of them did not have regression. The recurrence of ROP requiring retreatment occurred in 2 eyes (7.14%) of the ETROP group, but no recurrence in the pre-ETROP group (P=0.092). The progression after treatment occurred in 3 eyes (10.71%) in the ETROP group, but no progression in the pre-ETROP group (P=0.027).Conclusion: The pre-ETROP treatment is useful for reducing unfavorable outcomes and increasing the regression of ROP. Further, the treatment can reduce the recurrence of neovascularization and progression after treatment.Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity, pre-early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity, outcomes, regression

Bharkbhum Khambhiphant,1 Adisai Varadisai,2 Nat Visalvate2 1Department of Ophthalmology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 2Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Purpose: In order to improve current biometry practice, we investigated changes in axial length (AL), keratometry (K), and intraocular lens (IOL) power measured by the IOLMaster in adults within a 6-month period at the outpatient eye clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.Patients and methods: This was a nonrandomized prospective cohort study. The AL, steepest K, flattest K, and IOL power of nondilated eyes were measured at the initial examination and later at 6 months by the IOLMaster. Changes in AL, K, and IOL power using the SRK (Sanders, Retzlaff, and Kraff)-T formula within 6 months were compared using the paired-sample t-test.Results: The study comprised 90 eyes from 90 patients. The mean age of the patients was 62.99±13.95 years (range 28–87 years). Mean values and standard deviation for AL, steepest K, flattest K, and IOL power at initial visit and 6 months later were 23.56±1.51 mm and 23.56±1.52 mm (P=1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.01 to 0), 44.94±1.37 D and 44.98±1.43 D (P=0.96; 95% CI -0.13 to 0.04), 43.85±1.43 D and 43.89±1.36 D (P=0.93; 95% CI -0.02 to 0.07), and 20.27±4.12 D and 20.15±4.51 D (P=0.99; 95% CI -0.05 to 0.29), respectively.Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in AL (P=1.0), both K (P=0.96, P=0.93), or IOL power (P=0.99) within the 6-month period using the IOLMaster. Remeasurement at 6 months may be required in some cases, but should not be routine. Keywords: cataract, axial length, keratometry, IOLMaster, IOL power