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Urban underground space resources are valuable resources to solve the contradiction between man and land, release urban space, optimize the layout of facilities, and ensure urban safety. As one of the earliest cities in China to develop and utilize urban underground space resources, Shanghai has a huge development scale of urban underground space resources. In the 21st century, with the development of information technology, the development and utilization of urban underground space is also facing the challenge of digital transformation. On the basis of summarizing the current situation and characteristics of digitization of urban underground space elements in Shanghai, this paper believes that the process of digitization of urban underground space elements in Shanghai can be considered from three dimensions: visualization, practicality and sustainability. Firstly, a standard and unified visual digital base for all elements of underground space is the most basic requirement for digital construction. Secondly, the realization of application-level business functions by the digital base is the basic goal and focus of digital construction. Finally, realizing the co-construction, co-governance and sharing of the entire life cycle of the digital base, ensuring its vitality and sustainability is an important symbol of the success of digital construction. At present, the digital construction of urban underground space in Shanghai is moving from visualization to practicality and sustainability. Integrating various existing urban underground space element data resources, and supporting government management and social operation and maintenance through digitalization is the future development direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and utilization of underground space has become an important aspect of urban construction and renewal in China. However, the large-scale development of urban underground space (UUS) requires the development of a relevant research framework for guidance. This paper presents a scientometric analysis of research related to UUS and aims to examine the status of UUS research and discuss future research directions. Firstly, relevant literature-based research data from the general database of Chinese online academic journals were identified and collated. Secondly, the bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace was used to analyze the literature data and depict the evolution of research hotspots and research topics in UUS. Further, the development path of UUS research was clarified through a consideration of both the development and utilization of UUS and the scientometric analysis results. The study shows that UUS research development has strong momentum, related research fields and content are continuously expanding, and a research framework is being established for the development and utilization of UUS. The development of underground space research and development reflects its practical development, which follows "problem-oriented" and "practice-driven" approaches. To realize sustainable UUS development, this paper proposes two directions for future research: the establishment of a research paradigm based on spatiotemporal development and the conducting of multi-disciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shanghai has experienced severe constraints on land resources for a long time. “Advance to underground space” is an inevitable choice for urban construction and development. The urban characteristics of Shanghai thus need to be extended to building a high-quality urban underground space guided by scientific humanism, bottom-line safety, and sustainable development concepts. Ideas and suggestions for underground space planning and construction management based on quality improvement, fine management, and comprehensive guarantee are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban underground space (UUS) is a great new potential land resource. However, the extensive "pile forests" pose serious challenges to the development of UUS. The backgrounds, consequences, and reasons of conflict between pile foundation and UUS are analyzed by literature review, field investigation, deduction, and induction. The results indicate that the main contention points are that the UUS and pile foundation belong to two separate systems of technology and management. In order to reduce conflicts, it is necessary to regulate the development of UUS and pile foundation by law, planning, management, and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyze the resource attributes and development characteristics of urban underground spaces (UUS) from the perspective of natural resources, economic resources, and development characteristics. Methods of literature research, comparative study, induction, and deduction were used. The results indicate: (1) UUS resource is a depleted natural resource, which has the general characteristics of natural resources and some special characteristics compared with upper space resources. (2) UUS resource is an economic resource, and can become subject to independent property rights. (3) The characteristics of UUS development include high costs, irreversibility, and vertical stratification. Therefore, reasonable and scientific planning for UUS development is very important. It is concluded that UUS development is the result of development of economy, society, and technology. It is necessary to formulate a strategy for UUS development and utilization for the purpose of optimizing resources, according to the resource attributes and development characteristics of UUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]