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[Objective] The present paper aimed to explore the effects of soil conditioners containing calcium, magnesium and phosphorus on acidification reduction and crop growth in protected red soil through field experiments. [Method] Using Italian lettuce as material, field plot experiment was carried out on protected red soil, and 5 treatments were set up: Control (local conventional fertilization), treatment T1 (local conventional fertilization + calcium, magnesium and phosphorus soil conditioner 1500 kg/hm²), treatment T2 (local conventional fertilization + calcium, magnesium and phosphorus soil conditioner 3000 kg/hm²), treatment T3 (local conventional fertilization + calcium, magnesium and phosphorus soil conditioner 6000 kg/hm²), treatment MT3 (local conventional fertilization + calcium, magnesium and phosphorus soil conditioner 6000 kg/hm² + biological bacteria agent). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The agronomic traits and quality indexes of lettuce, soil pH, soil organic matter and soil bacterial community diversity were determined. [Result] T3 treatment significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium, especially total phosphorus (22.56%). Compared with CK, the pH, base saturation and Ve content of lettuce in T3 significantly increased by 0.7 units, 257.14% and 14.40%, respectively, while the contents of exchangeable acid, exchangeable aluminum and available manganese significantly decreased by 600.00% 75.00% and 37.27%, respectively. Compared with the treatment of MT3, the hydrolytic nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity and lettuce plant height significantly increased by 44. 56%,4.01% and 11.29%, respectively. The key environmental factors affecting the main bacterial communities (phylum level) of the protected lettuce field were organic matter (29.8%), pH (24.9%) and available potassium (16.3%). [Conclusion] Applying 6000 kg/hm² calcium-magnesium-phosphorus soil conditioner can increase the pH of protected red soil, reduce the exchangeable acid, exchangeable aluminum content, and soil acidification, improve soil fertility and bacterial community structure, moreover, its combined application with microbial bacterial agent can increase lettuce plant height and Ve content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to investigate the effects of varying light intensities on the photosynthetic, antioxidant and qualitative aspects of cigar leaves. [Method] In the field experiment, 5 treatments were set up using Chuanxue No. 1 as the experimental material( CK: 100% natural light intensity; Tl: 85% natural light intensity; T2: 70% natural light intensity; T3: 55% natural light intensity; T4: 40% natural light intensity). [Result]Under different light intensities, the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in cigar leaves increased initially and then decreased; The contents of MDA and H202 in cigar leaves increased slowly; The activities of SOD and POD increased initially and then decreased; And the activity of CAT in cigar leaves increased initially and then decreased. Cigar leaves' photosynthetic pigment content, intercellular CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, and antioxidant enzyme activity increased as light intensity decreased, while MDA content, H202 content, net photosynthetic rate, stomata! conductance, and transpiration rate decreased. However, a low-light-intensity environment did not promote the enhancement of cigar leaves' photosynthetic and antioxidant characteristics. The levels of total sugar, total nitrogen, and nicotine in cigar leaves increased at first and subsequently fell as light intensity increased; Chlorine and potassium increased, and reducing sugar, the sugar-alkali ratio, the nitrogen-alkali ratio, and the two-sugar ratio decreased. With insufficient light intensity, the coordination of chemical components in cigar leaves was weak, which was detrimental to cigar leaf quality. [ Conclusion] Moderate low light ( 55 % - 70% natural light intensity) was found to be beneficial in increasing the content of photosynthetic pigment, promoting light energy absorption, maintaining stable photosynthetic characteristics, benefiting cigar leaf growth and development, and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes all at the same time. Cigar leaf membrane lipid peroxidation damage was minimized, antioxidant properties were strengthened, and the chemical composition of cigar leaves was well coordinated, all of which aided in the production of cigar quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to investigate the effect of organic liquid fertilizer replacing some chemical fertilizer on growth characteristics, yield and quality of drip irrigated cotton. [Method] A field experiment was conducted during 2021-2022. Five treatments were set up in the experiment, including conventional fertilizer application alone (pure N 330 kg/hm², P2O5 180 kg/hm², K2O 120 kg hm²) (CF), 60% conventional fertilizer + 225 L/hm² alginate stock solution + 150 L/hm² liguo concentrated solution (LF1), 60% conventional fertilizer + 450 L/hm² alginate stock solution + 300 L/hm² liguo concentrated solution (LF2), 60% conventional fertilizer + 675 L/hm² alginate stock solution + 450 L/hm² liguo concentrated solution (LF3), and 60% conventional fertilizer + 675 L/hm² alginate stock solution + 450 L/hm² liguo concentrated solution (LF4). [Result] Dry matter accumulation and the maximum growth rate of dry matter increased with the liquid fertilizer supply rising. The maximum growth rate of dry matter of LF3 was 2.99% lower than CF, and LF4 was 7.34% higher than CF. Leaf area index (LAI) and SPAD values increased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage. Except for the bud stage, LAI in LFI and LF2 were significantly lower than CF, LF3 and CF were not significantly different, and LF4 was significantly higher than CF. SPAD values in LF1 and LF2 were significantly lower than CF, while there was no significant difference among LF3, LF4 and CF. In the flowering and boll stage, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance increased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage, but intercellular CO2 concentration decreased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage. Number of bolls, boll weight and yield increased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage, LF1 and LF2 were significantly lower than CF, while there was no significant difference among LF3, LF4 and CF. Yield of LF1, LF2, LF3, LF4 and CF were 6012.5, 6528.5, 7274.5, 7568.5 and 7383 kg/hm², respectively. Fiber length and strength increased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage, but there was no significant difference among LF3, LF4 and CF. Micronaire decreased with the increase of liquid fertilizer dosage. There was no significant change between other treatments and CF, except for the significant difference between LF1 and CF. [Conclusion] Moderate amount of organic liquid fertilizer replacing some chemical fertilizer can promote the growth and development of cotton, increase yield appropriately and improve quality. Considering all indicators together, the optimum treatment is LF3 in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper aimed to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and the yield and quality of horticultural crops. 【Method】 The tomato variety ‘Fendu Jinguanwang’ was used as the research object. The bio-organic fertilizer and cultivation substrate were mixed in different proportions, and the cultivation substrate without bio-organic fertilizer was used as the control (CK). The effects of different amounts of bio-organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties, nutrient element accumulation, substrate enzyme activity and tomato growth, quality and yield were studied. 【Result】 (i) Adding a certain amount of bio-organic fertilizer to the cultivation substrate could significantly improve the substrate ventilation, pH and EC value, and increase the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the substrate. (ii) Adding a certain amount of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly improve the activity of matrix enzymes and the content of nutrients in matrix. Under T3 treatment, the activities of matrix urease, catalase, invertase and phosphatase were increased by 23.10%, 10.58%, 20.98% and 16.91%, respectively, compared with CK. The contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and organic matter in matrix were increased by 58.69%, 8.71%, 29.36% and 26.02%, respectively, compared with CK. (iii) The addition of appropriate amount of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of tomato plants and the improvement of leaf photosynthetic capacity. Compared with CK, the root activity and seedling index of tomato plants under T3 treatment increased by 19.99% and 41.03%, respectively. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of leaves increased significantly. (iv) The single fruit weight and yield per plant of tomato under T3 treatment were significantly higher than those of the control, and the yield per plant increased by 19.78%, and the contents of soluble sugar, vitamin C and lycopene in fruit were significantly increased. 【Conclusion】 Adding a certain amount of bio-organic fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of the substrate, improve the enzyme activity of the substrate, significantly promote the growth of tomato plants, improve the ability of photosynthesis of tomato leaves, and improve the quality of tomato fruit.T3 treatment with the addition of 18% bio-organic fertilizer per barrel was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper aimed to investigate the comprehensive effects of irrigation amount on soil enzyme activity, yield, quality and nutrient utilization of pepper in Sichuan Basin, and propose an appropriate irrigation amount. 【Method】 The pepper variety of Xingshuzhoula 3 was used as the experiment material. Four irrigation amount treatments were set, and the soil volumetric moisture content was controlled respectively at 35%-40% (T1), 45%-50% (T2), 55%-60% (T3), 65%-70% (T4). The soil urease, neutral phosphatase, sucrase β-Glucosidase activity and catalase activity such as yield, quality, and plant N, P, K content of peppers were determined. The interrelationship between the indicators was analyzed. 【Result】 The soil enzyme activities increased with the increase of irrigation amount. The soil urease, neutral phosphatase, sucrase, β-glucosidase and catalase activities of T4 were the highest, and the activities of some enzymes were not significantly different from those of T3.Compared with T1, the increases were 48.80%, 28.70%, 45.60%, 100.87% and 102.58%, respectively. With the increase of irrigation amount, pepper yield also increased, T4 increased by 29.05% compared with T1, and there was no significant difference in pepper yield between T3 and T4.The content of vitamin C and capsaicin in peppers decreased gradually with the increase of irrigation water, but the content of soluble sugar in peppers increased with the increase of irrigation water. The amount of irrigation increased the total accumulation of nutrients (N, P and K), the physiological use efficiency of N and K and the partial fertilizer productivity in pepper fruits and shoots. Except that the physiological utilization efficiency of P was lower than that of T4, the other nutrient utilization parameters of T3 were not significantly different from those of T4, and the physiological utilization efficiency of K was even significantly higher than that of T4.【Conclusion】When the irrigation amount is 4392-4733 t/hm² (T3 and T4), the soil enzyme activity, yield and nutrient utilization rate of pepper are all at high levels. The results of the study provide a theoretical and practical reference for the selection of the irrigation amount of facilities pepper in Sichuan Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to analyze the effects of sowing date and film mulching on yield and quality of direct seeding winter rapeseed to provide a theoretical basis for suitable sowing and high-yielding cultivation of winter rapeseed in dryland in southwest China. [Method] A two-factor completely randomized block design was adopted to explore the effect of sowing date(20th September, 30th September, 10th October, 20th October, 30th October, 10th November, 20th November) and film mulching (film mulching and no film mulching) on field soil temperature, dry matter accumulation, agronomic characteristics, yield and quality of Chuanyou 36. [Result] Film mulching effectively increased the 0-20 cm soil temperature, dry matter accumulation, plant height, length of main inflorscence and effective pods, thereby increasing rapeseed yield by 3.61%-44.47%, which was more obvious with the delay of sowing date. However, the sowing date delayed longer, dry matter accumulation and agronomic traits of rapeseed decreased significantly. The regression equation showed that the rapeseed yield rose first and then declined with the delay of sowing date, which had a significant polynomial relationship with sowing date. The optimal sowing date for rapeseed was 10th October, which was 2.13%, 47.97%, 74.19% and 136.64% higher than 30th September, 30th October, 10th November and 20th November, respectively. In addition, the delay of sowing date effectively reduced the content of linolenic acid, erucic acid and glucosinolates in rapeseed, but also reduced the oil content, while film mulching effectively decreased the difference in rapeseed quality resulted from the delay of sowing date. [Conclusion] 30th September to 10th October was a suitable sowing date for high yield of direct seeding rapeseed in dry land in southwest China, and a proper delay of the sowing period in combination with film mulching technology was more conducive to achieving goals of high yield, efficiency and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate the effects of foliar spraying of different concentrations of urea on light energy utilization, physiological resistance, berry quality and yeast assimilable nitrogen in wine grapes during the color change of wine grapes in the wine production area of the eastern Helan Mountains.【Method】A combination of field trials and indoor analysis was conducted with the wine grape variety 'Cabernet Sauvignon' as the test material in a randomized block design. Urea was sprayed three times at 0‰, 1‰, 1.5‰, 2‰, 2.5‰, 3‰ and 3.5‰ during the color change of grapes, and the related indexes of physiology, quality and yeast assimilable nitrogen of wine grapes were measured, and the results were analyzed by ANOVA and significance test.【Result】During the color change of wine grapes, foliar nitrogen supplementation at appropriate levels significantly improved the berry quality of wine grapes. With the increase of urea concentration, the photosynthetic efficiency, physiology and berry quality of wine grape leaves showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The best results for net photosynthetic rate, carotenoids, superoxide dismutase and tannin content of grape leaves were obtained at 2.0‰ concentration spray. They were significantly increased by 36.10%, 38.46%, 14.65% and 19.51%, respectively, compared with the control treatment. Spraying 2.5‰ concentration significantly increased stomatal conductance water utilization, chlorophyll, catalase, spike length, grain size, 100 grain weight, soluble solids, sugar to acid ratio, anthocyanin, total phenols and yeast assimilable nitrogen by 54.53%, 26.32%, 13.66%, 264.61%, 20.99%, 44.47%, 42.55%, 4.50%, 3.18%, 108.13%, 33.71% and 54.85%, respectively, higher than the control treatment. Spraying 3.5‰ concentration significantly increased leaf area, proline and malondialdehyde by 30.80%, 156.21% and 48.04%, respectively, compared with the control treatment.【Conclusion】A comprehensive analysis showed that foliar spraying of urea at a concentration of 2.5‰ during the color change of wine grapes significantly increased the photosynthetic utilization efficiency of leaves, enhanced the physiological resistance of wine grapes leaves, improved berry quality and yeast assimilable nitrogen, and improved the quality of wine grapes berries. In turn, it provided high quality grape raw materials for making high quality wine in the eastern Helan Mountains wine region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the physiological mechanism of kiwifruit pulp colour difference, so as to provide a reference for kiwifruit pulp colour directional breeding. 【Method】Six main kiwifruit varieties in Sichuan province were used as tested materials, the representative periods of fruit development were selected, and the contents of soluble solids, dry matter, total acid, Vc, soluble protein, soluble starch, total phenols, flavonoids and main pigments, as well as the scavenging rates of ABTS free radical, DPPH free radical and hydroxyl free radical were tested, meanwhile the changes of main physiological indexes and their correlation with pulp colour were studied. 【Result】The changes of main physiological indexes of different varieties in fruit development period basically tended to be the same, ‘Hongshi 2’ and ‘Jinshi 1’ maintained high contents of total phenol, Vc and total acid during the whole fruit development period and were significantly higher than the other four varieties in DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. In the early stage of fruit harvest, the dry matter content of ‘Hongyang’ was significantly higher than that of the other five varieties, the acid content was the lowest, and the soluble protein content of ‘Cuiyu’ was the highest. It was shown in the results of the analysis on the correlation between physiological index and pigment content that the flavonoid content was significantly or extremely significantly positively-correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of different varieties, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate, vitamin C content and titratable acid content were significantly or extremely significantly negatively-correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of several varieties, and the scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS free radicals, as well as the contents of dry matter, total soluble solid, soluble starch and soluble protein were not consistently correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of different varieties. 【Conclusion】There is a significant correlation between the color difference of kiwifruit pulp and some physiological indexes. When breeding, the parent configuration combination matching the target characters can be selected through the test of physiological indexes related to the color of parent pulp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to clarify the effects of nitrogen level on the nutrition and flowering quality of Dendrobium nobile under greenhouse cultivation, and provided theoretical reference for precision facility cultivation and quality control of D. nobile. 【Method】The seedlings of 8 months old and sixteen months old of D. nobile were used as experimental materials. The changes of nutrient elements（N, P, K, Ca, Mg） and polysaccharide contents with time under different nitrogen levels（control, 1/3 N, 1/2 N, 1 N, 1. 5 N） and the changes of morphological indexes in 1 N treatment, were determined. 【Result】Except for the number of leaves, there were no significant changes in crown width, pseudobulb height, pseudobulb thickness, leaf length, and leaf width between July and March of the next year between large and small seedlings. The changes of N, P and K contents in seedlings under different treatments were basically consistent, showing a trend of first decline, then rise and then decline. The changes of Ca content were contrary, while Mg content showed a continuous decreasing trend. The contents of the same nutrient element had significant differences in different months. The changes of N, P and K contents in large seedlings increased first and then decreased in different treatments, while the changes of Ca and Mg contents were the same as those in young seedlings. The content of polysaccharide in small seedlings and large seedlings increased first and then decreased. 1/2 N, 1/3 N and 1 N treatments were beneficial to the accumulation of polysaccharide in stems of two-seedling age plants, and the content at the end of November was significantly higher than other periods. With the increase of nitrogen level, the initial flowering period of large seedlings was gradually delayed, among which the 1/3 N treatment had the earliest initial flowering period, and the 1 N treatment of large seedlings had the highest flowering rate and average number of flowers per plant, but 1/3 N treatment was close to it. 【Conclusion】Nitrogen had little effect on the morphological indexes of D. nobile at late growth stage（after July）, but had significant effect on nutritional physiology and flowering quality. After maturity stage, nitrogen reduction（1/3 N） could not only save fertilizer, but also bring earlier flowering and better flowering quality. There was no significant difference in the polysaccharide content under different nitrogen treatments, but N-reduction treatments（1/2 N, 1/3 N） were also beneficial to the accumulation of polysaccharide in D. nobile stems, and it was suitable to harvest at the end of November. The results can provide references for precision facility cultivation, flowering regulation and quality improvement of D.nobile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 This paper aimed to explore effects of reduced chemical fertilizer and soil texture on yield, quality and nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P） and potassium（K） fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco. 【Method】 Using flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as material, a field experiment was established in sandy soil, clay soil and heavy loam in Qujing tobacco production site, and six fertilization treatments were set up, i.e., T1（CK）（conventional dosage of N, P, K）, T2 and T3（deduced fertilizer N, P, K proportion by 10% and 20%, respectively）, T4 and T5（organic fertilizer replacing 10% and 20% chemical fertilizer, respectively） and T6（no manure or fertilizer）. 【Result】Compared with treatment T1（CK）, treatments T2, T3 significantly improved grade, yield, economical output and N, P, K use efficiency of tobacco leaves in sandy soil. Meanwhile, treatments T2, T3 increased contents of potassium, decreased total sugar, reducing sugar. The contents of total nitrogen, nicotine and water-soluble chloride in the middle and upper parts of leaves were not significantly affected; and the chemical composition was more balanced under T2 and T3. Compared with treatment T1（CK）, treatment T2 and T5 did not significantly improved growth of the tobacco plants in clay soil, but the proportion, yield, output and N, P, K use efficiency under T2 and T5 in tobacco leaves were significantly higher than that of T1（CK）, and the chemical composition of middle and upper position leaves was more balanced. Compared with T1（CK）, treatments T2, T3, T5 had no effect on tobacco plant growth in heavy loam, but improved the proportion of products, yield, output, N, P, K use efficiency of tobacco. Furthermore, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar of middle and upper part leaves were increased under T2, T3 and T5. The total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium and water-soluble chloride were not affected by treatments. And treatments T2, T3 significantly improved the balance of chemical composition of tobacco leaves. Under the same N, P and K application rate, the N and P uptake and use of tobacco plants in different soils could be sorted as the following: Sandy soil>heavy loam>clay soil, and K use efficiency as the following: Heavy loam>clay soil>sandy soil. 【Conclusion】Based on the current N, P and K usage of tobacco in farmlands, the potential N, P and K proportion of chemical fertilizer reduction（CR） or replacement with organic fertilizer（ROR） in sandy soil was 10%. The N, P and K proportion of CR or ROR in clay soil was 10%-20%. The potential reduction of N, P and K fertilizer in heavy loam was 10%, and the potential proportion ROR was 10%-20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to clarify the relationship between rice flavor quality and nitrogen nutrient absorption and utilization, the genotypes of high nitrogen efficient and good taste value rice were selected.【Method】The excellent japonica rice varieties（strains） cultivated along the yellow area were used as the test materials, and the influence of nitrogen on different rice genotype rice quality and nitrogen absorption and utilization was studied by setting different nitrogen fertilizer levels. 【Result】The taste value of different genotypes rice showed high difference, which decreased with nitrogen application increasing. The taste value of no nitrogen fertilizer was the highest and up to 83.9. Protein and straight starches increased with nitrogen application increasing. The linear analysis showed a significant open downward parabolic relationship and was performed with the nitrogen application quantity and the taste value(r=0.998**). The milled rice rate and the whole head rice rate increased with the nitrogen amount increasing, and the chalky grain rate and the chalkiness decreased with the nitrogen amount increasing. The nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen grain production efficiency and nitrogen harvest index differed greatly between genotypes. The excellent and high-efficient nitrogen rice genotypes represented by by xindao 89 and xinkedao 31 were generally manifested with good appearance quality and relative high nitrogen grain production efficiency, up to 56.44 kg/kg. The related analysis showed that the nitrogen grain production efficiency was significantly positively with the rice taste value and significantly negatively with the protein content. The nitrogen use efficiency was significantly negatively with the taste value, negatively with the chalky grain rice rate and chalkiness, and positively with the milled rice rate and the whole head rice rate. It showed that the taste quality of rice improved and the appearance quality decreased under the level of no or less nitrogen fertilizer.【Conclusion】The nitrogen grain production efficiency can be used as an important evaluation index of excellent quality and high nitrogen efficient rice breeding. Improving the nitrogen use efficiency may be more conducive to improving rice processing, appearance quality and rice yield level. Good quality with high nitrogen efficiency（high nitrogen grain production efficiency） and high yield with high nitrogen efficiency（high nitrogen use efficiency） can be used as important evaluation standards for excellent food taste rice breeding and high yield rice breeding, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to provide theoretical basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer to wheat, effects of reduced application rates of nitrogen on yield and quality of wheat were analyzed in Yunnan province. [Method] Using a two-factor randomized block design, the newly bred dryland wheat varieties Yunmai 76 and Yunmai 77 were used as materials to set up a nitrogen-use efficiency experiment including 5 N application rates, namely, 300 kg/hm²(N1),240 kg/hm²(N2), 180 kg/hm²(N3) and 120 kg/hm²(N4) and no nitrogen fertilizer(N5), respectively. The related indexes of grain yield, yield components and quality under different rates were determined. The correlation between grain yield and spike number, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight was analyzed. [Result] Under different nitrogen application rates, the yield of Yunmai 76 and Yunmai 77 decreased with the decrease of nitrogen application rates. When the nitrogen application rate decreased from 300 kg/hm² to 240 kg/hm², the yield decreased by 1.38% and 0.30%, respectively; When the nitrogen application rate decreased to 180 kg/hm²or below 180 kg/hm², the yield was significantly decreased. In terms of yield components, the number of panicles per unit area significantly decreased with the decrease of nitrogen application rate; However, the effect of nitrogen application rate on 1000-grain weight and grain number per spike was not significant. The results of correlation analysis between yield and components showed that there was a extremely significant positive correlation between yield and panicle number(R=0.92）. There was no significant correlation with grain number per spike, but a significant negative correlation with 1000-grain weight. Under the rateof N180 kg/hm² and no nitrogen application, the yield of Yunmai 77 was 10.67% and 28.87% higher than that of Yunmai 76, respectively, and the yield decrease of Yunmai 77 was much lower than that of Yunmai 76 under the same N treatment. In terms of quality, protein content and wet gluten content decreased with the decrease of nitrogen application rates, and the differences were significant; The responses of sedimentation value, stability time and formation time to nitrogen application varied with different varieties. The sedimentation value of Yunmai 76 decreased at first and then increased with the decrease of nitrogen application rate, but the nitrogen reduction rate had no significant effect on the sedimentation value of Yunmai 77. [Conclusion] Yunmai 77 is a wheat variety with tolerant low nitrogen. Considering the yield and quality comprehensively, under the experimental conditions, when the conventional nitrogen application rate in this area is 300 kg/hm², the synergistic improvement of wheat yield and quality can be realized [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to improve the fruit quality, yield and water use efficiency of cherry tomato cultivated in solar greenhouse substrate. [Method] 'Jinfei' was used as the experimental material, and a completely randomized block design was adopted. Under the condition of split root irrigation, the total irrigation amount of cherry tomato in growth period was kept constant, the designed irrigation frequency was once a day (Dl), once every two days (D2) and once every three days (D3), the alternate frequency was that one side was irrigated once (Tl), twice (T2) and three times (TI), and then the other side was irrigated alternately, and a total of 9 treatments were used to analyze the effects of different irrigation frequency and alternate frequency on the quality, yield and water use efficiency of cherry tomato. [Result] The different irrigation frequency and alternate frequency had significant effects on the biomass accumulation of cherry tomato. The dry matter accumulation of DlTI was the highest, 249. 28 g/plant, but had no significant effect on the root shoot ratio;Reducing irrigation frequency could weaken the photosynthetic activity of plants and reduce the ability of leaves to capture light energy; The vitamin C content of D2 TI was the highest, which was significantly increased by 4. 49% to 191. 37 mg / kg compared with Dl Tl ; The contents of soluble solids and organic acids of Dl TI were not significantly different from those of D 1 Tl, but the contents of soluble sugar and sugar acid of Dl Tl were significantly increased by 20. 25% and 21. 33%, respectively;The average fruit weight, yield and water use efficiency of DlTI were significantly increased by 17. 76%, 9. 85% and 9. 85% compared with that of DlTl, respectively. [Conclusion]The comprehensive evaluation of treatment DlTI was the best, and it was the best irrigation strategy under alternate root zone irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The present paper aimed to determine the stable nutritional quality of sweet potato under which soil texture, and to determine the main soil nutrient factors that affect the nutritional quality. [Method] Collecting 60 plant samples of sweet potato variety Gaoxi-14 and 60 bags of non-rhizosphere soil samples, the soil texture, 8 soil physical and chemical indexes and 5 sweet potato nutritional quality indexes were determined and analyzed. [Result] The coefficient of variation of the nutritional quality indicators of sweet potato, including amylose, amylopectin, total starch, soluble sugar and protein, was smaller in clay loam and loam, and larger in clay soil. Sweet potato amylose in loam was mainly negatively affected by pH, and the soluble sugar content was significantly higher than that in clay. Sweet potato amylose and amylopectin in clay loam were mainly affected by ammonium nitrogen positively and negatively. Sweet potato amylose and amylopectin in clay were mainly negatively affected by organic matter. [Conclusion] Loam soil and low pH are beneficial to produce stable quality and high amylose sweet potatoes, clay loam and high ammonium nitrogen are beneficial to produce stable quality and high amylose sweet potatoes, clay loam and low ammonium nitrogen are beneficial to produce stable quality and high branched chains starchy sweet potato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This paper aimed to the problem that application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and long-term continuous culti vation mode in the industry caused the yield and quality of Lycium barbarum L had declined in recent years, and the effects of different mi crobial agents on the growth and development of the L. barbarum L. and fruit yield and quality were studied. [Method] Ningqi No. 7 L. barba rum L. was used as experimental material, and the field trials with no microbial agents as a control were conducted by the application of Tl, T2, T3 three microbial agents. [ Result] Each treatment had different degrees of promoting effects on the vegetative growth, reproductive growth, yield and quality of L. barbarum L. plants. Microbial agents could significantly increase the survival rate of first-year L. barbarum L. seedlings, and the amount of roots and branch growth by 9. 06% - 57. 84% and 4. 76% - 54. 9%, respectively; Microbial agents could in crease the number of branches, branch growth and SPAD value of fourth-instar L. barbarum L. plants by 29. 9% - 87. 09%, 7. 5% - 18. 3%, and flower formation rate, fruit setting rate, 100-seed weight and yield by 2. 07% - 18. 87%, 3.19% - 13. 63%, 0.57% - 4. 92%, 29. 7% - 52. 7%, respectively; Especially, T2 had the most significant effect, compared with other treatments, the amount of branches, flower formation rate and yield were increased by 30. 05%, 12. 23% and 4. 45%. Microbial agents could significantly improve fruit quality and increase the content of polysaccharides, betaine, total flavonoids, and carotene in L. barbarum L. fruit by 4. 55% 25%, 25. 5% - 43. 67%, 12. 5% - 58%, and 2. 8 - 3. 6 times, respectively. Especially, Tl had the most significant effect on the improvement of quality indicators, compared with other treatments, the content of polysaccharides, betaine and carotene increased significantly by 5. 77%, 8. 52% and 23. 78%. [ Conclusion] Comprehensive evaluation of the analysis results showed that the three combinations of microbial agents tested had a certain positive effect on growth of L. barbarum L. . T2 had the most significant effect on tree growth, yield and economic benefits, Tl had the best effect on fruit quality, and it could be used for reference and promotion according to production needs in production practice, Tl and T2 could be used together to achieve the effect of improving quality and increasing production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effects of three rice genes(OsGS3,OsGW2 and OsGN1 a) knockout on the field agronomic characters and quality of Jijing 809. 【Method】A randomized block test was used to compare the agronomic traits, quality and yield of the three gene knockout mutants with the wild type. 【Result】Compared with wild type, the tiller number and seed setting rate of mutants were significantly decreased, but the plant height, grain length, grain width and 1000 grain weight were significantly increased, and the yield was increased by more than 12 %. In addition, the change of brown rice rate was not significant, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate were significantly reduced, chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree were significantly increased, which affected the appearance and quality of milled rice. But amylose content, protein content and taste value did not change significantly. 【Conclusion】 The results suggested that three rice genes(OsGS3,OsGW2 and OsGN1 a) knockout could improve some characters and yield of rice, which provided practical evidence for the application of genome directed editing in breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to determine the appropriate soil water potential range for Crimson seedless grape after fruit setting and provide a theoretical basis for irrigation in production practice. [ Method] This research studied the effects of different soil water potentials on photosynthetic performance, fruit traits, yield and quality after fruit setting,3-year-old Crimson seedless grape was as test material.[Result] Increased soil water potential could promote the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaves and delay the decline of the net photosynthetic rate with time, could increase the openness of leaf stomata and transpiration of water while the treads of stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) were basically the same, could increase the water use efficiency (WUE) and slow down the decline of water use efficiency, in which the WUE of T1 ,T2 and T3 treatments increased first and then decreased and reached the highest at 40 days after fruit setting. Improved the soil water potential could increase the vertical and transverse diameter of the fruit, increase the single seed weight and single panicle weight, provide the single plant yield and the yield, in which the yield of T1 ,T2 and T3 treatment were higher 20.60% ,31.71 % and 43. 02 % than CK treatment, respectively, among them, the T3 treatment yield reached 150 450 kg/per hm2. It could decrease the dry weight and soluble solids of fruit with the increase soil water potential, in which the dry weight of fruit of T1 ,T2 and T3 treatment decreased by 3.85 % ,10.67 % and 14.09 % . The fruit hardness of T2 and T3 treatments decreased significantly. [Conclusion ] When the soil water potential keeps-40 - - 110 kpa, it can not only promote the photosynthesis of the leaves of Crimson seedless grape after fruit setting, improve the water use efficiency, but also stabilize the fruit yield and improve the fruit quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to clear the effects of different biological agents on tomato growth. [Method] This study designed field split plot experiment and adopted biometrical method to research the effects of Bacillus subtilis agent(30 kg·hm-2), Trichoderma humatum agent(22.5 kg·hm-2), Yufeng ‘99’agent(30 kg·hm-2), Zhongnonglyukang agent(45 kg·hm-2) on tomato growth, yield, quality and soil physico-chemical properties in 2017-2018, and the application effects were compared and analyzed with the conventional chemical fertilizer(2179.5 kg·hm-2) simultaneously. [Result] There were obvious promotion effects on tomato growth, yield and quality when four biological agents applied. The tomato height increased by 10-26 cm and the stem diameter increased by 0.6-3.0 cm compared with the control. The fruit yield was increased significantly under different biological agents application, which was 1.22-1.53 times higher than that of the control and was 34.33 %-53.65% higher than that of the chemical fertilizer treatment.Besides, the incidence rate of umbilical rot and gray mold diseases of tomato were significantly reduced. The external and internal quality of tomato were improved in each agent application treatment, comparing with the chemical fertilizer treatment, the fruit color uniformity and maturity were increased significantly, and comparing with the control, the fruit Vc content increased by 14.40%-49.94 %, the sugar content increased by 8.68 %-37.85 %, and the titratable acidity reduced by 28.89%-56.76%.Meanwhile, these biological agents application through drip irrigation had significant effect on physico-chemical properties, compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment, the organic matter content increased by 30.43 %-83.48 %, and the soil pH and conductivity decreased slightly, which reduced the occurrence of soil salinization, and compared with the control treatment, the organic matter content increased by 66.67%-134.44 %, and the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium also increased significantly. These data showed that the four biological agents could improve soil fertility. [Conclusion] This stuly indicated that the four biological agents could promote tomato growth, reduce diseases and improve yield and quality, the order of the promotion effects was as follows:yufeng‘99’agent> Zhongnonglyukang agent> Bacillus subtilis agent> Trichoderma humatum agent, which was closely related to component and mechanism of different biological agents and the effects of agents on soil microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the application effect of ’gather soil ridging + narrow strains with broad-rows’ cultivation mode in Sichuan Basin, and provide scientific guidance and theoretical basis for peach ochard establishment in Sichuan Basin and southern shallow hills in the future. 【Method】This study compared the effects of different cultivation modes on the growth, yield, quality and economic benefits of peach cultivars ’Xiahui No.6’. 【Result】The results showed that the diameter of trunks, main branches, lateral branchs, length of regenerated branches, number of roots less than 0.50 cm, chlorophyll content of leaves, fruit soluble solids and total sugar content and solid acid ratio, yield per plant for ’gather soil ridging + narrow strains with broad-rows’ were markedly higher than for the control group after planting 39 months; However, there was no significant difference in the appearance quality and output value of peach fruit per unit area under two different cultivation modes. 【Conclusion】’Gather soil ridging + narrow strains with broad-rows’ and combined with tree pruning can effectively extend canopy, improve plant light conditions, enhance the peach plant growth, improve the quality of the fruit flavor, which is a practical and efficient cultivation mode for southern peach orchard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for efficient fertilization of pepper in yellow soil region of Guizhou province. [Method] Field test method was used to test the application of three slow-release fertilizers(stable fertilizer, nitro dualeffect fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer) on pepper in the typical yellow soil area of Guizhou province, and to study their effects on yield, quality, nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization of pepper. [Result]The yield of pepper increased by 14. 3 %-19. 4 % after applying three slow-release fertilizers, which was significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization and no fertilization. The amino acid content of pepper was 8. 9 %-22. 7 % higher than that of conventional fertilizer, and the crude protein content was 2. 4 %-10 % higher. The nutrient contents of pepper leaves, stems and fruits were improved as well as the agronomic efficiency, partial nitrogen productivity and apparent nitrogen utilization rate of pepper. [Conclusion] The application of three slow-release fertilizers significantly increased the yield of pepper, improved the quality of pepper and increased the fertilizer utilization rate of pepper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The purpose of this paper is to improve the yield and quality of Chinese bayberry and promote the development of green-efficient bayberry industry. [Method] Taking Biqi bayberry as test materials, the application of humic acid soluble fertilizer(HASF)was studied for higher yield and better quality fruit, while two field experiments were conducted in Fumin County and Panlong District, Yunnan Province. [Result] The results showed that the yield and fruit quality were improved by spraying HASF with 800-1000 times concentration at pre-flowering, young fruit and fruit enlarged stage, based on conventional fertilization. The average single fruit weight, yield and net income of bayberry of spraying HASF were significantly higher than those of spraying water(CK), with up to 27. 86 %-31. 54 %, 13. 0 %-13. 4 % and 13. 8 %-14. 2 %, respectively, and the contents of soluble solids and vitamin C(Vc) increased by 18. 4 %-19. 54 %and 18. 56 %-24. 9 %, respectively. However, compared with conventional fertilization, spraying water had no significant effect on fruit yield and quality. [Conclusion] The yield, quality and economic benefit of bayberry could be improved significantly by applying HASF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The aim of this paper was to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the application of new photovoltaic agricultural technology in tea garden. [Method] Three kinds of filters with different photothermal performances were appliedin tea garden to cover tea canopy surface with photovoltaic glass substrates and compared with non-film treatment in a plot experiment. The effects of different filters on tea quality were analyzed based on meteorological data such as tea garden temperature and light during growing period. [Result]In spring and summer, the one-bud-with-one-leaf tea quality covered with three kinds of filters with different light and heat transmittance got changed. The best performance of the filters was the one(membrane 3) that could block both ultraviolet and infrared rays and selectively pass through red and blue light. In spring, compared with the control, the filters with low light transmittance had the best performance. This filter could significantly reduce the content of tea pigments, but has no effect on the content of amino acids. In summer, this filter could significantly increase the content of tea pigments and amino acids, and significantly reduce the content of tea polyphenols. The content of tea extracts in spring and summer was significantly decreased. [Conclusion]The quality of fresh tea leaves could be improved to some extent by adjusting the light and heat conditions of tea canopy in summer by using reflective filter film(membrane 3), which can block both ultraviolet and infrared rays and selectively pass through red and blue light. It is feasible to implement ’tea+photovoltaic’ in tea garden in summer, and it is hopeful to realize the efficient utilization of solar energy and tea garden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The present paper aimed to determine the suitable KNO3 topdressing dosage in the tobacco fertigation system. [Method] A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of four level (except CK) of KNO3 drip-fertigation amount (KNO3-0 % , KNO3-20 % , KN03-40 % and KNO3-60 %) on the biomass, chemical quality, and N, P, K utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco. [Result]The results showed that there was no significant difference among different KNO3 drip-fertigation amount treatments in the tobacco biomass, N, P utilization and chemical quality of tobacco. The K use efficiency increased by 2.3 -7.3 percentage point with the KNO3 reduction treatments, compared with the KNO3-O % treatment. The difference among KN03-40 % treatment, KNO3-60 % treatment and the KN03-0 % treatment had reached significant level. Positive relationship was observed between KNO3 drip-fertigation amount and the nicotine content, total N content in the tobacco. The nicotine content decreased by 34.5 % and 37.9 % with the KN03-40 % and KNO3-60 % treatment, respectively, and the total N content decreased by 13.3 % compared with the KNO3-O % treatment. The total nicotine-alkali ratio was improved with the decrease of KNO3 drip-fertigation amount, which increased by 5. 8 %-38. 5 % compared with the KN03-0 % treatment. [Conclusion] Under the condition of N 90 kg/hm2(dressing ratio was 5:5), the dosage of KNO3 topdressing should be reduced by 40 % -60 % , which was beneficial to increase the K utilization and improve the chemical quality of tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper aimed to the effects of different nitrogen treatments on milling quality, appearance quality, nutritional quality and eating quality of rice under soda-saline-alkali soil.【Method】 Taking Kenjing7 and Kenjing8 as tested materials, the nitrogen fertilizers were set as base fertilizer:tiller fertilizer:adjusting fertilizer:panicle fertilizer, and their percentage was 0(N0), 6:4:0:0(N1), 5:3:0:2(N2), 4:3:1:2(N3), 4:3:1:2(0.9 N3, the total amount of nitrogen reduced by 10 %) under the condition of the field. 【Result】When the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the whole growth period was 150 kg/hm~2, the rate of fine rice and whole concentrate rice decreased, the chalkiness and chalkiness rate of rice decreased significantly, the content of amylose decreased, and the protein and taste quality of rice increased in the two varieties. Under the same nitrogen distribution ratio(4:3:1:2), the nutrient quality of Kenjing7 was improved when the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 10 %, and the milling, appearance, nutrition and taste quality of Kenjing8 were improved. Considering the comprehensive quality of rice, the total nitrogen application amount during the growth period was 150 kg/hm~2, and basal fertilizer:tiller fertilizer:adjusting fertilizer:panicle fertilizer was 4:3:1:2 condition, which was conducive to improving the quality of Kenjing 7. During the growth period, the total nitrogen application rate was 135 kg/hm~2, base fertilizer:tiller fertilizer:adjusting fertilizer:the spike fertilizer was 4:3:1:2, and the quality of rice variety Kenjing8 was at the best level. The nutrition and appearance quality of Kenjing 7 was better than that of Kenjing 8, but Kenjing 8 had better eating quality and milling quality. 【Conclusion】In summary, the appropriate nitrogen reduction according to the variety characteristics and the ratio of regulating fertilizer and panicle fertilizer to total nitrogen amount was beneficial to the improvement of rice quality. The results can provide a theoretical reference for rational management of nitrogen fertilizer in rice in soda-saline-alkali soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of water retention agent (SAP) on potato growth in high altitude area of Guizhou, and to provide references for high-yielding cultivation of potatoes and efficient application of water and fertilizer in Guizhou. [ Methods] A field experiment including water retention agent dosage is done. This research takes the ‘ Taro 5 ’ as the experimental material, five water retention agent dosages(0, 37.5, 52.5, 67.5, and 82.5 kg/hm2 ) is arranged to study the effect of SPA on the yield, potato character, nutrient quality and soil fertility of potato, to determine the appropriate amount of water retention agent in this area. [ Results] The results showed that the potato seedling rate after applying the water retention agent was up to 93. 37 % , the yield increased by 7.96 % - 13. 37 % compared with T1 treatment, and the yield of single plant was 6.81 % -45.45 % , and the yield of single plant increased by 34. 92 % -83.31 %. Application of super absorbent polymers could significantly improve the potato starch content by 2.49 -5.35 percentage compared with T1 treatment, but the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, moisture content and reducing sugar content had no obvious effect. In terms of soil nutrient changes, the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 4. 61 % -27.01 % , 0 -19.01 % , 7.83 % - 15. 65 % , 5. 73 % -22.49 % and 5.08 % -25.42 % respectively compared with T1 treatment. [ Conclusions] The recommended application of water-retaining agent 52.5 -82.5 kg/hm2 was beneficial to high yield and soil fertility of potato in the high altitude area of Guizhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This paper aimed to seek the effect of different planting patterns, densities and the remaining fruit clusters on the growth, yield and quality of tomato. [Method] Taking ‘Fenyan I’ tomato as tested material, the experiments were designed with twelve treatments, including two pattern levels (2 rows for A1 planting; 1 rows for A2 planting), three density levels ( B1 planting density of 30 B2 plants per hm2; B2 planting density of 40 500 plants per hm2 ; B3 planting density of 54 B3 plants per hm2 ;)and two remaining fruit clusters (K1 with 3 fruit clusters; K2 with 4 fruit clusters). [Result] With the increasing of density and fruit cluster levels, the amplification of plant height was quick trend, the changes of plant stem diameter and leaf area were slow trend, the content of chlorophyll increased significantly, and the leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and photosynthetic all increased then fall. The fruit shape index displayed no significant difference in tomato fruit, however, under the same planting pattern and density, the soluble sugar, organic acids, soluble solids, Vc, and sugar-acid ratio showed different trends with the increase in the remaining fruit clusters. The parameters such as chromaticity angle and color ratio in the luster parameters can reflect the change of color during the development of tomato fruit. Under the same planting pattern, the effects of different planting densities and the remaining fruit cluster on tomato yield, the average weight of single fruit and average yield of plot were all significantly different. [Conclusion] When the suitable production pattern and density for remaining fruit cluster in greenhouse was (2 rows for A1 planting; B2 planting density of 40 500 plants per hm2 ; K2 with 4 fruit clusters), the yield was the highest and 95047.2 kg/hm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This purpose of the article was to prove effects of land use types on soil quality, and to offer reference for ecological civilization construction and sustainable development of social economy in fragile karst environment of western Guizhou. [Method] Five different land use types (farmland, abandoned land, natural grassland, artificial grassland and forest land)were researched to explore their influences on soil quality by means of field experiments and laboratory analysis. [Result] The different land use types resulted in significant differences in soil bulk density and porosity. Hie forest land had the best soil bulk density and porosity, and the farmland had the worst. File value of soil field moisture capacity of five land use types ranged from 34.01 % to 48. 38 % which resulted in a significant difference. The pH values of five land use types ranged from 4. 59 to 5.53, and the farmland had the minimum of pH value. The soil cation exchange capacity of forest land, artificial grassland and abandoned land was higher than that of natural grassland and farmland. The descending order of five land use types according to the soil organic matter content (28.4-76. 27 g/kg) was forest land, natural grassland, artificial grassland, farmland and old field. The contents of total N, total P, available N and available P were the highest in farmland. The available indexes of total K and available K were less than 0.9 in difference land use types, and there was significant different among them. The soil available Cu and available Zn index of the five land use types ranged from 6. 50 to 14. 65. Based on the comprehensive indices of soil nutrients, five land use types were listed in descending order; forest land, natural grassland, artificial grassland, abandoned land and cropland. The comprehensive index of forest was about 1.68 times to that of farmland. [Conclusion] Soil quality of grassland and forest land was better than that of farmland and abandoned land. The conclusion of this paper was to provide the basis for rational development and utilization of land resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]This paper studied the influence of different treatments on the growth, yield and quality of new shoots of the tea tree, and provided the theoretical basis for the pruning of adult tea tree in Yunnan Province. [Method] Using Yunnan big-leaf tea varieties 4 Fox-iang 1-11' as the material to do the field experiment, setting two different period treatments with light pruning in winter and spring after spring tea, and the picking period, mechanical composition, fresh leaf yield, water extract, tea polyphenols, amino acids, caffeine and other physiological indexes of tea shoots were compared and analyzed. [Result] The period to pick spring tea and summer tea with light pruning in winter were 11 and 8 days eariier than that with light pruning after spring tea, but the spring tea picking period was shorter than that of light pruning after spring tea. The yield of light pruning after spring tea was 11.26 % higher than that of light pruning in winter, and the difference was significant between the two treatments. Light pruning treatment after spring tea could improve the quality of fresh tea bud, and its normal bud leaf proportion was 100% , which with winter light pruning was at 73.4 %. The nonnal fresh tea bud proportion with light pruning treatment after spring tea was significantly higher than that with winter light pruning treatment. The content of polyphenols and caffeine of tea were significantly increased after pruning. Pruning after spring tea could improve the aroma and taste of spring baked green tea and sun-dried green tea, and the white fuzz of the dry tea was obvious. [Conclusion] The above showed that the light pruning after spring tea could improve the yield of fresh leaves and the quality of spring tea, and the growth of white fuzz form resistance structure, and was an agronomic; measure to increase the yield of Yunnan big-leaf varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper was conducted to verify the utilization value of wild tea germplasm resources and screen out excellent wild tea germplasm resources in Guizhou. 【Method】Major biochemical components of spring shoots and tea leaf traits of 73 wild tea germplasm resources from 32 distributing areas were analyzed. 【Result】10 tea lines of Q3, Q18, Q27, Q32, Q34, Q41, Q49, Q51, Q56 and Q66 were selected from 73 wild tea germplasm resources. Their free amino acid content of spring shoots and weight of 100 buds with one leaf both were higher than Fudingdabaicha(CK) significantly and their tea polyphenol and caffeine content was appropriate. Major biochemical components were basically the same between plant and cutting of 73 wild tea germplasm resources. The leaf palisade tissue to sponge tissue ratio and CTR of Q18, Q34, Q49 and Q56 tea lines were above 0. 6 and 0. 3 based on leaf anatomical structure respectively. 【Conclusion】 Q18, Q34, Q49 and Q56 tea lines with high free amino acid content in spring shoots, higher weight of 100 buds with one leaf and strong drought resistance should be utilized in tea production in Guizhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper was conducted to explore the effect of the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon on dehydration effects, yield and quality of spring maize.【Method】The Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 were treated with thidiazuron and the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon at dough stage, with water as control. 【Result】Compared to the control, the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon decreased the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 by 6.32% and 5.72%respectively, reduced leaf antioxidant enzyme activity and accelerated the leaf aging. The maturation time of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 advanced for 5 and 6 days, respectively. Mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon could significantly increase yield, and Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 achieved the yield of 12 899.15 and 12 413.77 kg/hm2, 13.44% and 10.50% higher than the control. Thidiazuron and ethephon had no effects on quality of maize. Correlation analysis showed that seed moisture content was closely related to yield, and the correlation coefficient reached-0.87. 【Conclusion】The effects of accelerate dehydration rate of maize grain, reduce the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage and enhance the yield by mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon is remarkable. This research provides a theoretical and experimental basis for maize production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The paper aims to study the influence on growth, yield and quality of Hue-cured tobacco after spraying mineral ele­ments. [Method] The field experiment,using Yunyan 99 cultivar as materials, was conducted to carriy out contrast study of spraying different mineral element. [Result]The results showed that compared with CK (spraying water) , spraying zinc sulfate or sodium silieate increased leaf chlorophyll content after topping, spraying zinc sulfate helped nutrient accumulation of upper leaf in mature period, spraying zine sulfate and borax could coordinate chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaf, and promote the economic traits of the indicators. [Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis , in ecological and climatic conditions of Luonan county, zine sulfate (1.5 mg . L -1 ) were sprayed 3 times, and ev­ery 7 days sprayed 1 time after topping, could improve nitrogen and potassium nutrition on upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco in mature period, conducive to carbohydrate accumulation, coordinate chemical components, so as to improve the tobacco yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the effects of hanging roots with five different length treatments (0,1 ?2?3 ?4 cm) on the growth physiological, dissolved oxygen and quality of lettuce. The results showed that shoot and root fresh weights, dry weight and yield (one plant) were the biggest in the 2 cm hanging roots where they were the least in the treatment of 4 cm hanging roots. Appropriately improving the length of hanging roots could help to increase the Vc and soluble protein content accumulation of lettuce. The accumulation of chlorophyll in the lettuce leaves in different hanging roots length treatments was 1 cm > 2 cm >3 cm > 0 cm > 4 cm. At the first week of the experiment, root activity among the five treatments had no significant difference except the 4 cm treatment, whose root activity was significantly lower compared with other treatments. When the test was carried out to the second week, root activity of the 2 cm treatment was significantly higher than other four treatments. With the dissolved oxygen test results showed that within a certain range ? the length of hanging roots and nutrient solution dissolved oxygen were directly related- Considering yield physiological index and quality (2 cm treatment wag 83. 00 g/plant. Vc 12. 82 mg/100 g； Soluble protein 7. 86 mg/g ) ?and it was suggested that 2 cm hanging roots was the best hanging roots length for lettuce hydrostatic hydroponic production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to prolong the shelf life and slow down the quality is the key to fresh-cut vegetable fresh-keeping storage, and cleaning is the important link of fresh-cut vegetable processing. In order to investigate the effect on edible quality and safety of fresh-cut potato during cold storage by different cleaning methods, this paper took the fresh-cut potato as experiment material, used pure water immersion cleaning as CK, aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution and chlorine dioxide water solution of 50, 100 and 150 mg/L concentration as cleaning treatment,after all treatment by cold storage at 4℃ in 0, 1,2, 5, 8 and 12 d, the all treatment of fresh-cut potato's number of aerobic bacterial count and coliform bacterial, and residues of trichloromethane was detected, and its sensory was evaluated. The results showed that 100 mg/L sodium hypochlorite clean of fresh-cut potatoes could effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms, keep the good sensory quality. The chloroform residues was 0. 3 μg/L after cleaning under the national drinking water's safety standard of trichloromethane limit 0. 06 mg/L, and no toxicological harm to human body. The results of this study could provide important experimental data for investigating the effect on the quality of fresh-cut potato by different cleaning methods, and it also could provide reference for the safe production of fresh-cut potato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the fruit appearance (fruit color, kernel weight, granularity and other appearances), nutritional quality content (fruit sugar, goqi polysaccharides, moisture, total acid, vitamin C, protein, fat and ash) and the fruit health indicators content of heavy metals and pesticide residues between the eco-wolfberry and non-eco wolfberry dried fruit in different picking periods were compared, and the difference of their picking fruit character, quality and safety in different picking periods or same picking periods were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of vitamin C, total acid, protein, fat and ash of eco-wolfberry fruit were greater than that of non-eco wolfberry dried fruit, and the copper content in eco-wolfberry fruit was smaller than that in non-eco wolfberry fruit. Meanwhile the eco-wolfberry fruit optimal harvest time was determined, which was in autumn. In October, the nutritional quality content of eco-wolfberry fruit was the highest. These results indicated that the ecological fruit had excellent quality resources and broad market prospects, which would provide a theoretical basis for the realization of the economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, Juncao was used to cultivate Tremella, and Tremella cultivated with cotton seed shell and basswood separately were used as basis to measure their output and quality indicators. The results showed that the production of Tremella with Juncao cultivation was similar to that with cotton seed shell. There was not gossypol in Juncao Tremella. The main quality indicators were far lower than those of relevant standards. Content of crude ash, crude fat, crude fiber and crude protein of Tremella with Juncao cultivation were averagely higher than those with cotton seed shell and basswood. Especially by comparing Tremella cultivated with Juncao and that with cotton seed shell, basswood, the crude protein content was 14. 56 % and 88. 05 % higher; Total sugar content was slightly lower; However, the crude polysaccharide content was 26. 12 % and 10. 42 % higher. It illustrated that the quality of Tremella with Juncao cultivation was as good as that with cotton seed shell and basswood. It was really practical that Tremella could be cultivated with Juncao under the natural conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]