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In this work, the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) nanofibrous layers and their sterilized methods influence on molecular properties, structural properties, and biocompatibility have been discussed.Some instrument employed were gamma radiation, ultraviolet light, Ethylene oxide (EtOx) and an autoclave to sterilised the layers developed through melt-electrospinning process.umber of instruments used such as gamma radiation, ultraviolet light, ethylene oxide (EtOx), and an autoclave was used to sterilise the layers prepared via melt-electrospinning process. The SEM result unveiled that the sterilization processes changed the fibre form slightly as well as the diameter which was modified slightly as well.However, the sterilization processes did not alter the molecular weight of PEEK fibers, as far as GPC study was concerned.d biocompatibility has been explored. A number of instruments used such as gamma radiation, ultraviolet light, ethylene oxide (EtOx), and an autoclave was used to sterilise the layers prepared via melt-electrospinning process. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the sterilization processes slightly altered the fiber’s form along with small variations in diameter. While, the sterilization processes did not achanged the molecular weight of PEEK fibers, according to gel permeation chromatography (GPC) research. In addition, the murine fibroblasts (3T3) were assessed for in vitro biocompatibility using MTT test. While cell adhesion and proliferation rate were the same across all the layers in the sterile control sample, the UV-sterilized material significantly reduced the level of cell viability. Consequently, the employed methods, namely the autoclave, EtOx, and gamma radiation were determined to be efficient to sterilise PEEK nanofibrous layers. However, solar radiation with the method may also reduce their biocompatibility.

This research examines the mechanical properties of concrete by combining recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) with carbon nanofibers and natural sisal fibers, in place of natural aggregates. We created a variety of concrete mixtures with RCA content levels of0%,50%, and 100%, as well as varied fiber combinations. Some mixes included additional cementitious elements such as fly ash (FA) or silica fume (SF). Mechanical tests such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength were used to assess the performance. Findings shown that mechanical properties were significantly enhanced by using sisal and carbon nanofibers. Combine A9, which omitted RCA but included 1% sisal fiber and 0.2% carbon nanofibers, had the highest compressive strength (81.2 MPa), flexural strength (8.84 MPa), and split tensile strength (6.60 MPa). Using 100% RCA replacement (Mix C9) lowered the strength somewhat, however the mix still performed better than regular concrete. Based on the findings, RCA and sustainable fibers may be used into concrete to provide a greener alternative without compromising durability.

The article analyzes the results of questionnaire survey of elderly men in the monitoring of physical activity of different population groups. It was revealed that the most important motivational preferences for physical activity of men of this age were the strengthening of their health and self-improvement. Furthermore, a reliable correlation between interest in gaining social ties, new acquaintances and involvement in physical exercise and sports was revealed in the group of elderly men, which allows considering the possibility of socialization and new friendships as an effective motive for physical activity and sports activity of the elderly.

This work investigates the development, characterization, and evaluation of nanostructured catalysts intended especially for environmentally benign energy conversion. We developed nanostructured catalysts by modifying the sol-gel method and varying the precursor material and reaction conditions ratios. The morphological differences between the synthesised catalysts were shown. Among catalyst 3's best features were its large surface area and pore volume. Noteworthy activity and selectivity were shown by catalyst 3. Low overpotential was attained along with high current density and faradaic efficiency. The stability studies proved that Catalyst 3 was durable since, over many cycles, its electrochemical performance scarcely altered. The requirement of carefully adjusting the synthesis conditions to tailor nanostructured catalysts for specific energy conversion applications is highlighted by these findings. The main objectives going forward should be to enhance the processes involved in producing anything and to find novel chemical combinations that may accelerate the effective and environmentally benign conversion of energy. By addressing these problems, nanostructured catalysts have the potential to greatly progress renewable energy technology and lessen environmental impact worldwide.

During the operation of metal water pipes made of steel and gray cast iron, a layer of internal deposits is formed, which changes the hydraulic potential of the pipes: the actual inner diameter, the actual speed of water movement and the actual pressure losses for resistance along the length (the actual hydraulic slope). These changes must be taken into account because the energy consumption of pumping units supplying drinking water to consumers located at a considerable distance from pumping units changes. A specific example shows how changing the hydraulic potential of worn pipes affects the energy consumption of pumping units that supply water to consumers.

In this study, we present and examine the implementation of a fuzzy logic-driven energy storage management system devised to enhance the efficiency of charging and discharging activities in modern power grids. By using real data derived from the installation of the system, our research aims to assess its effectiveness in bolstering grid resilience and stability. The system integrates linguistic factors and employs rule-based decision-making, enabling it to adapt charging and discharging techniques in real-time to the prevailing grid circumstances. The results unequivocally indicate a noteworthy enhancement in the efficiency of the system, exhibiting a percentage alteration spanning from 8% to 12%, hence confirming the system’s inherent ability to mitigate energy losses throughout its operating cycles. Moreover, the use of the fuzzy logic controller significantly enhances the Grid Reliability Index, exhibiting a percentage variation ranging from 10% to 15%, so demonstrating a higher level of stability and responsiveness to grid demand. The controller’s flexibility is highlighted by doing sensitivity analysis, which demonstrates its strong decision-making skills across many contexts. The charging and discharging techniques are meticulously tuned, demonstrating a percentage fluctuation of 15% to 20% in accordance with diverse grid situations, effectively optimizing the exploitation of renewable energy sources. The practical usefulness of the proposed system is confirmed by the validation of simulation results against historical data. The research incorporates ethical issues, such as clear communication, user permission, and socio-economic implications, to underscore the appropriate application of modern energy management technology. The results of this study significantly enhance the overall comprehension of fuzzy logic-driven systems, presenting a very promising resolution for the enhancement of energy storage operations and the progression of robust and environmentallyfriendly energy infrastructures.

Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L is one among most frequent ASS scores utilized in modern industry. It is more resistant to corrosion in normal atmospheric conditions in severe settings such as seawater with salt and situations that require protection against chloride corrosion and pitting. While operating effectively at high temperatures, it can also retain Because to its resilience and strength at low temperatures, it is a great option for use in the automotive, nuclear, water treatment, marine, and aerospace industries. The mechanical metrics yield quality (YS), percentage elongation, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) were assessed and compared in this study using experimental data through uniaxial isothermal tensile testing.

This paper presents a method for measuring a wind turbine's MPP (Maximum Power Point) with a three-bladed VSWT that is driven by a DFIG (Double-Fed Induction Generator) (Variable Speed Wind Turbine). The rotor incorporates a DFIG with successive PWM voltage-source converters within its integrated rotor integrated circuit. Grid-side converters generate and establish sinusoidal currents while independently managing the active and reactive power drawn from the grid supply using vector control techniques. The rotor-side converter needs to be vector controlled in order for the speed range to function. The vector approach manages the permit circuit optimally to maximize the amount of wind energy gathered. The control needs of the permit circuit take this into account. Such a system is analyzed using MATLAB software

In recent years, Biometric system are the one, which is widely used method for the recognition and identification of an individual that are highly demanded approach for its absolute security and accuracy which plays a vital roles in banking, commercials, business and other fields. Moreover this research is based on the multimodal biometrics which is recommended for its high recognition performances and it overcome the demerits of unimodal biometric approach. This research concentrate two multi-modal biometric traits such as face and iris, and propose Gradient Neural Network (Gen-NN) method to improve the biometric authentication by using the VISA face and iris multi-modal biometric database also used ResNet-101 and WaveNet for the feature extraction where the input of face and iris can be extracted.

The study examines the cybersecurity environment of electric transportation networks using a machine learning-based methodology. It analyzes the behaviors of electric vehicles, charging patterns, cyber threat occurrences, and the performance of machine learning models. An analysis of electric vehicle (EV) data shows that there are differences in battery capacity and distances covered, suggesting the presence of possible weaknesses across different cars. Cyber threat logs provide a comprehensive view of the various levels of threat severity and the time it takes to discover them, illustrating the ever-changing nature of cyber threats in the network. Machine learning models have varying performance; ML003 and ML005 exhibit excellent accuracy and precision in threat identification, whilst ML002 shows significantly lower metrics. These results highlight the need of implementing flexible cybersecurity solutions to handle different electric vehicle behaviors and effectively reduce cyber risks. This research emphasizes the need of using proactive threat detection tactics in order to effectively address high-severity attacks. It also highlights the need for ongoing improvement of machine learning models to strengthen network security. This study enhances our comprehension of cybersecurity obstacles in electric transportation networks, highlighting the crucial significance of machine learning-based analysis in strengthening network resilience against ever-changing cyber threats.

Sieve analysis tests are frequently used to determine the grain size distribution of granular materials. This project proposes an ImageJbased image analysis approach for evaluating aggregate particle size distribution. Grain size in image analysis should be estimated to compare the graduation curves between the two methods.. Black sheets were more effective than white sheets for particle placement, perhaps due to light effects. This technology may be utilized for in-suit testing, as it requires a camera and computer. The study used monochromatic light and a highdefinition camera to capture grain photos while controlling for background, light direction, and intensity. A ground truth was established to evaluate errors in determining grain areas. All grain shape parameters are obtained using the ImageJ program. The grain size distribution curve is generated using image analysis.

To improve military personnel's overall health and operational efficiency, the Soldier's Health Monitoring and Position Tracking System integrates innovative technology in a comprehensive way. Military commanders are guaranteed complete situational awareness with this system's combination of real-time health monitoring and exact position tracking. Vital physiological indicators including heart rate, temperature, and blood oxygen levels are continuously collected and analysed as part of the health monitoring element. The measurements are sent wirelessly to a command centre, so any possible health problems may be identified quickly and responded to quickly. In order to keep meticulous records of each soldier's exact whereabouts in the field, the system simultaneously makes use of cutting-edge GPS and INS technology. The seamless integration of geo-spatial information with health data gives commanders a comprehensive picture of the troops' physical state and where they are. Military authorities may make educated judgements based on the collective health and positioning data using the system's user interface, which provides an intuitive dashboard for real-time monitoring. The data will be sent to the command centre via the Internet of Things. Components of the suggested system include gearbox modules, small wearable physiological equipment, and sensors. As a result, the suggested gear may be used to provide a cheap method of protecting the precious human life on the battlefield. Using global positioning system (GPS) and cellular service mobile phone (GSM) technology, this device can wirelessly monitor the soldier's vitals, including his or her heart rate and temperature.

The integration of solarcellsinto construction materials, such roof tiles, isgaining traction. Nevertheless, solarcells' conversion efficiencyistemperature-dependent, and a high temperaturewouldlowerit. This study examines the functionality of mortar roof tilesthat have builtinsolarcells and safety glass. To control the temperature of the solar cells, phase modifying materials (P CM) are added to the first roof tiles at a concentration of 3% by weight.For solar roof tiles, the impact ofPhase change materials on the generation of solar-to-electrical power isassessed, and life cycle costanalysisiscarried out to determine the viabilityfrom an economicstandpoint.During six summerdays, the electricalenergy production of the solartileswith PCM appliedwas 4.1% higherthanthat of the tileswithout the component modification material. In contrast, during six winterdays, the improvementisbetween 2.2 and 4.3%. With the cost of the inverterincluded, the solar roof tileswith Phase change materials have an economicalpaybackperiod of 5.7 years. The application of Phase change materialsraises the initial cost of roof tiles by 1.2% ;nevertheless, the paybackperiodispredicted to bethreemonths shorter thanthat of the equivalentwithout PCM, given an overallimprovement in energy production of 4.1%.Whilemany countries are takingsteps to reducetheiremissions, the IEA’slatest report on global and carbonemissionsshowed an increase of 1.7 percent in emissionsyear-onyear2018 to 33.1 billion tons (IEA, 2019). Australia's 2018 increase in carbondioxideequivalentemissions of 0.7% raisesseriousconcerns about the countrysability to meetitsemissionreductioncommitmentunder the Paris Agreement (Cox, 2019).

This study examines the improvement of electric vehicle (EV) economy by using Model Predictive Control (MPC) in power electronics, with the goal of optimizing system performance. Experimental assessments done on different battery parameters have identified a spectrum of capacities, ranging from 55 kWh to 75 kWh, and voltages, ranging from 380V to 450V, that impact the total energy storage and power production capabilities. The efficiency percentages recorded in the battery systems ranged from 90% to 95%, suggesting differences in energy losses throughout the operations of charging and discharging. Furthermore, examinations of power electronics control configurations highlighted the significance of PWM frequencies (varying from 8 kHz to 12 kHz) and modulation indices (0.75 to 0.85) on the efficiency of power conversion. The results indicated efficiency rates ranging from 94% to 97%, emphasizing the efficacy of MPC-based techniques in improving power flow. The assessment of electric vehicle (EV) performance parameters demonstrated driving ranges ranging from 140 km to 180 km, with energy consumption rates ranging from 50 kWh to 60 kWh. The efficiency metrics ranged from 2.5 km/kWh to 3.0 km/kWh, and were directly affected by the battery properties and improvements in power electronics. Moreover, there was a little change in the link between temperature variations (ambient temperature ranging from 23°C to 29°C and battery temperature from 32°C to 40°C) and efficiency. This highlights the system's sensitivity to external variables. In summary, this relationship between battery characteristics, power electronics control, and environmental conditions in determining the efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs). The results emphasize the importance of customized setups and control techniques based on model predictive control (MPC) in optimizing energy use and increasing the distance electric cars can travel. These findings provide valuable knowledge for the development of sustainable transportation solutions in the electric vehicle industry.

This article investigates the integration of blockchain technology into cybersecurity frameworks in electric transportation systems, evaluating the implications and advancements achieved in constructing a safe and resilient infrastructure. An analysis of electric vehicle (EV) specifications reveals a diverse range of battery capacity and driving ranges. As an example, the Tesla Model S has a battery capacity of 100 kWh, enabling it to go a distance of up to 320 miles. In contrast, the Nissan Leaf has a battery capacity of 40 kWh and a range of 150 miles. An examination of charging station data uncovers inconsistencies in power generation and transaction expenses. Charging stations with a higher power output of 100 kW have a price of up to $7, whilst stations with a lower power output of 50 kW charge $5. Moreover, the evaluation of cybersecurity metrics demonstrates significant improvements in data encryption and access control in high-security systems, demonstrating a 26% increase compared to low-security settings. An analysis of blockchain transaction records uncovers discrepancies in energy transfers between electric vehicles (EVs) and charging stations. It has been observed that some electric vehicles (EVs) transmit 50 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of energy, while others only transfer 25 kWh, leading to a notable 100% difference. These findings underscore the need of providing consumers with a diverse selection of electric vehicle options, the impact of location-based choices on charging infrastructure, the imperative of robust cybersecurity measures, and the many methods of energy transmission in electric transportation networks. This report offers comprehensive and crucial data that is necessary for stakeholders and policymakers seeking to enhance infrastructure and security systems to establish secure and efficient electric transportation ecosystems.

This study explores the use of predictive machine learning techniques to enhance energy management in sustainable transportation systems, with a specific emphasis on electric vehicles (EVs). The analysis of EV specifications has shown a wide variety of battery capacities, ranging from 55 kWh to 75 kWh. These capacities have a direct impact on the energy storage capacity and the possible driving range of the vehicles. The range of vehicle weights, ranging from 1400 kg to 1700 kg, emphasized the possible effects on energy consumption rates and overall efficiency. The performance capabilities were shown with maximum speeds ranging from 160 km/h to 200 km/h. The energy consumption rates ranged from 0.18 kWh/km to 0.25 kWh/km, suggesting different levels of efficiency. An analysis of energy management data revealed that the lengths traveled varied from 180 km to 220 km, while the average speeds ranged from 50 km/h to 60 km/h. These variations directly affected the rates at which energy was used. The vehicles exhibited higher efficiency metrics by attaining energy consumption rates of 4.0 km/kWh to 5.6 km/kWh. The analysis of ambient variables indicated temperature fluctuations ranging from 20°C to 30°C, as well as a variety of terrain types that impact driving conditions and energy requirements. Predictive machine learning models demonstrated high accuracies, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) values ranging from 0.13 to 0.18 kWh/km, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) values ranging from 0.18 to 0.22 kWh/km, and R-squared (R^2) scores ranging from 0.80 to 0.88. These results emphasize the need of using predictive machine learning to estimate energy consumption, optimize energy management systems, and address sustainable transportation concerns in order to improve the efficiency and sustainability of electric vehicles.

The article discusses the advantages of simulation modeling of the number of sales personnel in order to increase the economic efficiency of the organization. Headcount optimization aims to generate savings while meeting the organization’s goals. This example considers the activities of one of the leading players in the regional food market. In accordance with the general structure of the processes of receiving and servicing customers in the organization, their simulation model was developed in the GPSS World software environment. The obtained conclusions are economically substantiated.

In the context of Industry 5.0, this empirical research investigates the concrete effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data insights on sustainability metrics. Real-world data analysis shows that during a two-year period, there was a 10% rise in the energy used by solar panels, a 6.7% increase in the energy consumed by wind turbines, and a 6.7% drop in the energy consumed by the grid. Paper trash output was reduced by 14% and plastic waste by 24% as a consequence of waste reduction initiatives. Product quality was maintained by AI-driven quality control, with quality ratings ranging from 89 to 94. Moreover, there was a 6% decrease in carbon emissions from industry, 3.1% from transportation, and 4.6% from energy production. These results highlight how AI and Big Data may revolutionize Industry 5.0 by promoting environmental responsibility, waste reduction, energy efficiency, sustainability, and high-quality products.

This study clarifies how precision agriculture powered by the Internet of Things may optimize agricultural productivity and sustainability. Important connections, like the positive association between agricultural output and soil moisture, are revealed by analyzing data from Internet of Things sensors. Test findings for Precision Agriculture show impressive production increases: 20% better yields for wheat, 15% higher yields for maize, and 5% higher yields for soybeans. Interestingly, these improvements come with significant resource savings, with a 10% to 20% reduction in the use of pesticides and fertilizers. The evaluation of sustainable yield highlights efficiency levels between 92% and 95%. These results demonstrate how precision agriculture has the potential to completely transform contemporary agricultural methods by maximizing crop output, promoting sustainability, and reducing environmental impact.

This research delves into the dynamics of civic engagement in urban settings. The sample of participants was broad, with ages ranging from 22 to 40 years, nearly equal gender distribution (52% female, 48% male), and a range of educational backgrounds, including postgraduates (35%), bachelor's degree holders (40%), and high school graduates (25%). Numerous chances for participation exist in urban environments, as seen by our examination of data on civic activities. These include voter registration campaigns, town hall meetings, and community clean-up initiatives. In addition, members' responsibilities in these activities varied: 35% attended events, 15% made financial contributions, and 45% actively volunteered. Our results highlight the significance of social networks in urban civic engagement by showing that individuals with a wide range of social connections were more likely to participate in civic activities. The study's findings highlight the complex nature of civic participation in cities and have applications for encouraging diversity and community building in urban environments.

Empirical insights into the significant effects of IoT-Enhanced Healthcare on patient care and health outcomes are provided by this study. The transformational potential of IoT technology is shown by data generated from a varied patient group, which includes continuous monitoring of blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and blood glucose levels via IoT devices. The usage of IoT devices is directly correlated with greater cardiovascular stability, as shown by consistently normal vital signs, according to statistical assessments. Additionally, the data highlights how patients using IoT devices have better control over their blood glucose levels, as seen by fewer cases of increased glucose levels. Evaluations of the quality of patient care show improved levels of satisfaction, efficacy of therapy, and communication, highlighting the benefits of IoT-Enhanced Healthcare. The evaluation of the outcomes of the IoT Healthcare Test confirms the precision and dependability of IoT devices in medical diagnosis, highlighting the significance of IoT-Enhanced Healthcare in transforming patient care. Together, these results provide strong evidence of IoT's ability to improve patient outcomes, treatment quality, and patient health.

This experimental study examines the use of AI-driven supply chain management solutions in the framework of Industry 5.0. An analysis of fictitious data that represented product inventory, supplier details, customer orders, and transportation details showed significant cost savings in transportation logistics (10%), improvements in supplier cost efficiency (20%), and significant reductions in excess inventory (10%). In Industry 5.0, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a key technology that can promote effective, customer-focused, and sustainable supply chains.

Friction forces affect the strength of the fuel assembly at all stages of its life cycle. The work is devoted to the issues of reducing friction and wear of fuel elements of a nuclear reactor. It presents methods and results of pre-reactor experimental studies of static and dynamic processes involving friction forces. Because of the conducted research, it was found that the transformation of the movable joints of the guide channels and spacing gratings into fixed ones by means of spot welding in “rigid” fuel assemblies, together with other measures, solved the problem of curvature of the fuel assemblies. It is also shown that during the assembly of fuel assemblies, the friction force can be reduced using ultrasound.

This paper investigates the contact zone between the binder material, foam glass and its analogues such as block foam glass and sheet glass, using the detachment method. Data is presented on the detachment pattern and bond strength between the foam glass and the binder material, which in turn allows the quality of the contact zone to be assessed. The results of research on the use of such binders as cement, gypsum and modified gypsum binder with the addition of amorphous silica and lime in foam glass concrete are presented. It is shown that the use of modified gypsum binder significantly increases the strength of bond of the aggregate (granulated foam glass) with the binder. The obtained data can be used to improve the quality of the contact zone and, as a consequence, to increase the quality of expanded glass concrete.

This research investigates a paradigm shift in heat treatment practises that is characterised by transformational changes. Despite their widespread use, traditional technologies are often linked to issues such as energy inefficiency, pollution, and material waste. In order to tackle these aforementioned issues, this study explores novel methodologies like high-pressure gas quenching, laser-assisted heat treatment, additive manufacturing for customised microstructures, and ultra-fast induction heating. These methodologies provide not only enhanced material functionality but also environmentally friendly outcomes by means of energy conservation and waste minimization. This study highlights the crucial significance of these breakthroughs in defining a future where improved material qualities align with environmentally responsible practises. It does this by examining their advantages, environmental consequences, and problems in implementation. The use of heat treatment techniques has been shown to significantly boost the performance of materials. This academic study aims to explore the sustainability aspects of heat treatment methods, particularly in comparison to conventional approaches. The focus will be on evaluating the energy efficiency and reduction of material waste associated with a specific heat treatment technique known as high-pressure gas quenching.

This study investigates composites and intermetallic, examining their microstructure, characteristics, and applications. The research demonstrates the complicated link between these materials’ fundamental features and their possible practical applications by analysing mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, microstructure, and reinforcement percent. The study discovers a positive relationship between mechanical strength and thermal conductivity, implying the possibility of capitalising on increased strength for enhanced heat transfer. Furthermore, the impact of matrix phases on mechanical properties emphasises the strategic significance of matrix selection. The impact of reinforcement fraction in fine-tuning characteristics highlights the importance of microstructure as a silent architect affecting material behaviour. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the intricate interaction of material characteristics, opening the way for informed material design and application engineering.

This study explores the domain of developing material categories for the purpose of sustainable energy storage, with the objective of addressing the constraints inherent in existing technologies and facilitating the development of inventive resolutions. The research examines the potential of nanomaterials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), polymers, and two-dimensional (2D) materials as a means to overcome the obstacles presented by current energy storage systems. This study investigates the qualities and potential of various materials, examining them in conjunction with a range of thorough characterization techniques. These approaches include electrochemical analysis, structural methodologies, nanoscale observations, and computer modelling. In the next analysis, this study will examine the future direction of research on energy storage materials, including prospective advancements and the critical obstacles related to scalability, cost-efficiency, and integration within energy systems. In general, this investigation highlights the significant impact of new materials on the development of a more environmentally friendly energy infrastructure. The present study focuses on the investigation of emerging materials for sustainable energy storage. Specifically, the research explores the potential of nanomaterials, metal-organic frameworks, polymers, and two-dimensional materials in this context. By examining the properties and characteristics of these materials, this study aims to contribute to the understanding and development of efficient and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions.

The article considers the issues of the impact on the environment of the city of pneumatic transportation for the removal of municipal solid waste (MSW). The disadvantages of conventional collection and transportation of MSW (container-garbage truck) are indicated, the main of which is the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere of the city (methane, ammonia, sulfur compounds, etc.). These problems can be eliminated by pneumatic transportation, which collects and moves waste using an air flow in an underground pipeline. As the conducted research has shown, one of the promising directions for the development of urban waste disposal is the use of a combined pneumatic intake-injection system, for the development of a schematic diagram of which the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2787693 was obtained. One of the most important technological operations in the pneumatic transportation removal of MSW is the purification of the air emitted into the atmosphere from dust and harmful gaseous impurities. For this purpose, multi-stage air filters are provided in the developed pneumatic transportation system. The conducted studies have established that in order to improve the purification of the air removed from the pipeline, it is advisable to use photocatalytic purification as a filter of the last stage.

The present article is devoted to the study of the insurance market regarding the insurance services provided as a part of the digital economy transformation and the direction of Russian insurance companies’ innovative activities. The needs and prospects of digitalization of the economy insurance sector are justified and obstacles restraining the full introduction of innovative technologies are identified in the article. The considered factors relying on the review of the Russian insurance market in the period from 2019 to 2021 are: the current insurance market situation, its prospects and key trends in the near future. Nonetheless, the opportunities provided by digital technologies are far from ones fully implemented in the insurance sector that is hindered by both objective and subjective circumstances. The material and financial capabilities of insurers as well as the number of legislative and infrastructure restrictions of the country are mentioned among them.

In recent 10 years, object recognition technology has been widely developed with many solutions given with high practical applications. However, with the development of digital devices, the resulting images can be provided from a variety of sources: photos taken (or video captured) directly from living entities, photos printed on paper or photos (video) is displayed on the computer screen or mobile phone. Therefore, the image detection obtained from the camera system directly from the living entity or from images are printed/displayed to determine the correct object is the problem posed. The article focuses on the issue of anti-spoofing of human faces with the content outlining the measures applied in the banking system, the access monitoring system in accordance with the previous registration of these faces there. The purpose is to validate customer or user information such as: wink test results, response to random challenges, etc. The article evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, after that proposes an anti-spoofing solution by using 3D camera and combining with convolutional neural network to create a more accurate anti-spoofing system.

People use many chemicals in their economic activities, which leads to the fact that they become involved in a cycle of anthropogenic transformations of the environment. It was proved that microelements and heavy metals are the most toxic among pollutants. Microelements in the arable layer of the soil depend on the type of soils, their location and content in soil-forming rocks. The studies revealed that the content of heavy metals in the soil in all cases is lower than the APC (MPC). The products obtained in the test areas are safe in relation to the content of heavy metals. Adaptive landscape farming systems can serve as an additional and significant step in optimizing the environmental situation when the soils are contaminated with heavy metals.

The article presents the results of the cytogenetic monitoring in the breeding, selection and reproduction of sheep in the ecological conditions of Ukraine. A cytogenetic analysis of sheep with low and high vigor and different levels of fertility was carried out. In the ecological conditions of Ukraine, the individual level of chromosomal abnormalities in all the studied animals of the Tsigai breed and prekos is within the natural background. No translocations were found. Among the violations, such as single and paired fragments, hypo- and hyperploidy (mainly hypoploidy), polyploidy were encountered. The maximum average level of chromosomal abnormalities was found in local lambs (5.5 ±1.73%). The minimum average level of chromosomal abnormalities (2.0 ±1.41%) was recorded in lambs with high growth intensity. Among the structural changes, mutations of the chromosomal type prevailed in the 3-year-old group of rams - 0.46%, in the 8-year-old group - 0.59%. Chromatid disturbances were 0.37% and 0.34%, respectively. The average level of chromosomal abnormalities in rams by groups was 0.84 ±0.14 and 0.93 ±0.13, respectively. In the group of ewes with low fertility (n = 4), the level of chromosomal abnormalities was 3.5%, which is lower than ewes (n = 7) with high fertility by 0.79%.

For the work results correct interpretation, it is important to study initial materials that scientists have to deal with. Currently, there are a large number of different diamond substrates. Comparison of materials among themselves allows you to determine which material you are dealing with. In this work, the methods of infrared (IR) spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and spectrophotometry are used to study four types of diamond materials: diamond polycrystalline CVD-films; natural single-crystal diamonds; synthetic polycrystalline HPHT-diamonds (such as DSPC – diamond synthetic polycrystal by GOST 9206-80); polycrystalline CVD-diamonds CDM manufactured by E6. In work it was shown that the Raman spectroscopy allows to measure the effect of heat treatment on changes in the diamond structure, even if it is such highly advanced diamond materials as natural diamonds. Heat treatment affects the perfection of diamond crystal structure by reducing stresses and the number of defects in it due to graphitization process. The IR spectrometry method is effective for determining the shape and amount of nitrogen inclusions in diamond structure. To study polycrystalline CVD-films, the spectrophotometry method turned out to be the most effective, because it made possible to determine a small number of nitrogen defects and draw conclusions about the quality of the films. The investigation of polycrystalline diamonds CDM and DSPC demonstrated that, despite their coarse-crystalline structure, diamond crystallites consist of a highly defective diamond phase; in addition, DSPC-diamonds were studied using this method in the first time.

The article represents the results of the analysis of modern legal regulation of the system for prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation and activity of commissions for juvenile affairs and juvenile rights protection as the main authority of that system. Relevance and immediacy of changes and reforming of legislation in the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency and areas of such activity are associated with the needs of the modern informational society. The authors analyze regulatory legal acts governing the activity of commissions for juvenile affairs and juvenile rights protection, proposals of executive authorities of constituents of the Russian Federation in the practicability of developing a concept of federal law on prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency and rights’ protection and they characterize primary trends in the activity of this authority in order to define further perspectives of activity within the system of prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency in Russia. Methodological support of the research are such methods of scientific cognition as analysis and synthesis, comparative-legal, formally legal, analysis of documents, legal modeling, survey, which allowed for a comprehensive approach to the research of this problem. The result of the research was reasoned conclusions on the practicability of reforming authorities and legal relations in the system of prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency. Models are given for the modernization of commissions for juvenile affairs and juvenile rights protection. The results ensure conceptual basis and trends in the development of proposals for improvement of legal regulatory regulation of social relations in the prevention of asocial behavior and juvenile delinquency.

Prerequisites of research. The authors of the article study the approaches to the solution of the domestic violence problem from the position of different branches of law: constitutional, international, family, administrative, and criminal law that allows revealing the inconsistence and collisions in the current legislation related to this phenomenon. Objectives of the research. The objective of the research is to analyze the legal aspects of the problem related to domestic violence and also search for possible ways of their solution directed to the improvement of the current criminal and administrative legislation. Methods. The following system of methods was used in the research: analysis, synthesis, and the system approach. In addition, the comparative and legal methods were applied when analyzing the international norms and individual laws of the foreign states directed to combatting domestic violence. Results. The improvement of legal regulation in regard to the establishment of consistency of branches of law, first of all, administrative and criminal legislation. Basing upon the current norms of criminal, administrative, and family legislation, the conclusions are made of the consistency, wrongfulness, and public danger of domestic violence, the main form of which in Russia is physical abuse of the people having family and domestic relations with a law-breaker. Domestic violence is a complex social phenomenon. It appears depending upon the object of abuse and its consequences, as a rule, are spread to all family members. The violence acts are made mainly to women and have a latent character. Only the legally punishable acts provided by the legislation of administrative violations and criminal law can be considered the expression of domestic violence. Novelty. A complex interbranch approach to the domestic violence problem is used, the suggestions for the improvement of the current legislation are offered.

The scientific article is dedicated to the research of the status and powers of an official of operating units and official and legal relations arising when enforcing the norms of law legislated in the Federal Law “On Operational Investigative Activities”. Objective: to perform the scientific research of the status and powers of an official of operating units; to analyze the legislation regulating this legal status, powers of the official of operating units. Methods. In the work, the authors used the formal, logical, sociological, historical, and dialectic methods. The scientific article is based upon the sociological, theoretical, and historical methods, on the knowledge technique of the legal status of an official, theory of powers, and the comparative analysis of the legislative regulations. The main methodological approach used in the scientific article is the criminal intelligence theory developed in the works by Russian lawyers. Main results: the research allowed revealing the advantages and disadvantages of the legislative and regulatory framework regulating the legal status and powers of an official of operating units and also the significant mistakes in the case law. Conclusion and grounding of the novelty of work: basing upon the analysis of the current Federal Law “On Operational Investigative Activities”, it can be concluded that officials can be logically subdivided into the main and derivative types according to their powers. The main types of officials are the following: 1) officials of operating units; 2) derivative positions – criminal intelligence investigator. A complex of federal laws and other statutes and regulations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation that legislate the concept of the official of operating units determine the structure and content of the legal status of an official; in general, it can be called legislation regulating the legal status of the officials. The novelty of the work is in the grounding of the new approach to the understanding of the legal status of officials of operating units and their powers; this approach is based upon the theory of legal status and the theory of operational and investigative activity. The criteria of the novelty are corresponded to: the authors’ understanding of the concept “official of operating units”; improvement of the characteristics of the legal nature and legal status of an “official of operating units”; evaluation of legal norms of the Federal Law “On Operational Investigative Activities”; recommendations of improvement of the Federal Law “On Operational Investigative Activities”; development of the methods of the legal status of an “official of operating units” aimed at creating a sequential algorithm for solving qualified tasks. The main objective of the research in this scientific article is the creation of a detailed and clear concept of an “official of operating units” and also revealing the main powers of these officials.

The transition to the postmodern stage of development of Russian society, by the subsequent change of the system of civilizational values, required the scientific development of a new attitude to security as a basic human need with regard to changing the nature of traditional threats and interests and the emergence of completely new ones. The process of globalization being developed in the information age weakens traditional state institutions and requires a new look at national security not only as a category of foreign policy and military matters but also as an internal problem solved through operational and intelligence activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the current problems in the theory of national security by means of an analysis of scientific studies of the phenomenon of security in Russia; to consider security as a function and feature of the social system; to consider the Operational and intelligence activities of the law enforcement agencies as a mean for ensuring national security; to identify the conditions and factors of operational and intelligence activities that negatively affect the effectiveness of ensuring national security. In the course of the research, using computer indexing, about 1300 scientific, educational and methodological sources on national security and internal affairs issues have been processed and analyzed in the semantic, philosophical and legal aspects. The study examines modern theoretical and practical problems of ensuring national security as part of operational and intelligence activities of the law enforcement agencies. Operational and intelligence activities is considered in the national security system as a means of its information support, as well as as a tool for combating criminal, military and other threats. For the first time, considered are the conditions and factors of the operational and intelligence activities that negatively affect the effectiveness of ensuring national security.

The institutional mechanism of the financial services market puts forward new requirements to the banking community, determining the need for innovations in products, technologies, services, and encouraging credit institutions to transform the declared strategy and implemented financial policy. In the present, the innovative factor is decisive in supporting the competitiveness of the bank, and the development of banking activities is determined by the degree of activity in promoting innovations. The article reveals the role, directions, tools of digitalization of the innovative development of a modern commercial bank, strengthening its competitive position.

The purpose of the study is to analyze individual independent branches of law included in environmental law and their variability in determining special approaches to the development of the Arctic in modern geopolitical conditions. The methodological basis of the research includes the general scientific method and special methods of cognition, such as comparative legal, environmental legal, statistical and empirical. The results of the study are the conclusions from the analysis of the main program and legal documents regulating the development and development of the territories of the Arctic states. Moreover, the attempts to create an adequate system of convergence of national and international legal regulation in order to determine the modern legal regime of the Arctic are discussed herein. The study of international and domestic experience has shown the need for a correlation of individual branches of law (international, administrative, criminal, informational) with the environmental law to provide comprehensive environmental and legal support for the development of the Arctic region. The authors also draw attention to the fact that environmental and legal problems of the development of the Arctic region require a systematic approach. The novelty of the study lies in the conclusion that, despite the fact that each state of the Arctic region has a national strategy for the development of its Arctic territory, on most topical issues these strategies are of a similar nature and have common approaches: scientifically based methods of managing the natural resources of the Arctic region; special methods of socio-economic development; preservation of vulnerable Arctic ecological systems and scientific activities in the field of climate change.

The article analyzes the problems of formation and implementation of technologies of “smart cities” through the prism of ensuring environmental safety and maintaining the political stability of a large city. It has been established that there are various aspects of the development of smart cities. An increased interest on the part of scientists, engineers, ecologists, politicians, government and international structures and institutions in the technologies of “smart cities” is noted. The focus of the study is on the fact that the range of real problems of a modern city includes the solution of problems of safety, ecology, harmonious formation of infrastructure, logistics and other aspects of its effective development. The effect of use of such technologies in the environmental sphere is considered in the context of maintaining political stability. The problem of radiophobia in Moscow is illustrated. The costs of the media functioning when covering environmental issues are indicated. The role of information and communication technologies as a toolkit contributing to development of smart cities is outlined. An example of Moscow metropolis radiation-ecological monitoring system is given. It is offered to replicate technologies of an integrated automated system for environmental monitoring of urban space. The authors complement the existing approaches to the study of smart city technologies in key aspects of ensuring environmental safety and maintaining political stability.

The article is devoted to the control of ecotoxicants content in mineral and organic substances of natural and artificial origin used in the production of feed additives and pharmacological veterinary agents. In the context of the growing technogenic load on the environment, the probability of detecting increased background levels of natural and technogenic ecotoxicants in mineral and organic raw materials for the production of feed additives and veterinary products increases significantly. In this regard, more attention should be paid to the study of substances of artificial origin with a minimum content of toxic and ballast components, as well as substances that have undergone technological processing to reduce their natural level of ecotoxicants. According to modern data, amorphous silicon dioxide is an effective, safe, economically available sorbing agent and it should be considered as a promising sorption-detoxifying agent for application under the influence of xenobiotics that differ in the toxicological action mechanism on the animal organism.

It is shown that the state of working people, determined using the WAM technique, (well-being, activity, mood) has statistically significant correlation with the results of instrumental measurements in terms of changes in the physiological state of the same workers. It is proposed to use the WAM test as an independent method for determining the functional state of workers. The purpose of this work was to determine the ratio of the functional state of workers according to the instrumental assessment, on the one hand, and self-assessment of their state, on the other.

With the use of digital technologies, a person’s daily life, industrial relations, economic processes and education are changing, as well as new requirements for communications, computing power, information systems and services arise. The article reflects the main results of the digital transformation of tax authorities, contributing to the creation of a comfortable tax environment in the context of the general digitalization of the economy. The study aims to determine the causal relationship between the management decisions made by the tax authorities and the dynamics of obligatory payments to the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, as well as to formulate proposals for improving the advanced developments of tax authorities aimed at creating a comfortable tax environment, reflecting the principles of the “economy of trust”. The solution of the tasks set in the work was carried out on the basis of the application of general scientific research methods within the framework of comparative, logical and statistical analysis, etc. Among key findings of the research, we should mention the substantiation of the transformation of the management resources of the tax authorities under the influence of the development of digital technologies, as well as the development of practical recommendations for improving the advanced developments of the tax authorities (tax monitoring system, special tax regime for self-employed citizens, single tax payment system) in the framework of creating a comfortable tax environment and building trusting relationships with taxpayers.

The purpose of the study was to determine the methods of successful management plan in cultural heritage sites. In addition to that, the research task was to clarification the nexus between cultural heritage and sustainable economic development in an operational and empirical manner. In the empirical part of the study, the main concern was finding out how to merge the cultural heritage sites in economic development projects for the local economy development. The methodology adopted for this study involved an innovative combination of economic and social assessment techniques. Economic assessment techniques applied included value analysis of cultural heritage sites. The study showed the culture heritage plays a significant role in the regeneration and development of local and regional areas. Contrary to expectations, the results indicated the great relationship between cultural heritage and socio-economic development to develop regional and local economy. Consistent to earlier research the study supported the hypothesis that using cultural heritage in local economic development projects. The results can be applied to cultural heritage sites and tourist destinations. Further study is required to investment of cultural heritage sites to achieve socioeconomic development.

Declining bee populations and decreasing marketability of apiaries pose the necessity for a comprehensive monitoring of the morphological characteristics of honeybees. The monitoring was performed in an introgressive aspect for the first time in the Volga region (Samara region) to preserve the local population of the Middle Russian race (Apis mellifera mellifera L.). Moreover, the race of queen bees was identified through the assessment of drones. Based on the race identification, small population structures of the native forest bee were revealed, which is a prerequisite for restoration of its genetic resources with the corresponding restriction of the import of bees from the southern regions where other taxonomic groups are bred.

Death of bee families in many countries has led to a reduction in the number of honey bees, a reduction in their medicinal food products and pollination activity. Honey bees are susceptible to various diseases of an infectious nature, including a disease such as ascospherosis caused by Ascosphaera apis fungus. The treatment of bee families against this disease with a preventive natural remedy, without the use of antibiotics and chemicals, is included in the concept of organic bee-farming and leads to a decrease in the percentage of affected families. Two groups of bee families treated with prophylactic compounds from natural raw materials were analyzed in the course of the research: experimental group № 1 (garlic, wormwood with vitamin C); experimental group № 2 (garlic and 5% iodine solution). Laboratory and field studies confirm the greatest effectiveness of garlic and iodine composition. There is a reduction in infection of bee brood due to the active substance allicin, which carries antimicrobial properties and, accordingly, increases the number of working flying bees.

Poor quality and insufficient legal support for the activities of the customs authorities have a negative impact on the development of the Russian economy. The conducted evaluative historical and legal studies of the legal support of the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation indicate the need for a detailed study of the regulations governing the activities of the customs. The study of the features of the current state of legal support for the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the conditions of the functioning of the Eurasian Economic Union expands the empirical material that was collected in the course of the study, which makes it possible to apply the results obtained to study the influence of the supranational legal regulation on customs legal relations at the national level. The presented value judgments can be used in forecasting the development of the Russian economy. To establish the effectiveness of the legal support for the activities of the customs authorities and establish its impact on the sustainable development of the Russian economy, it is necessary to scientifically justify the methodological foundations that reveal the action of such a mechanism.

This article discusses a static mathematical model of the air conditioning system of a passenger aircraft with moisture control. The model was developed to calculate various operation modes of this system, for one of which the entropy-statistical analysis was performed. In the analysis, the main nodes of the circuit are considered, an assessment of their influence on the overall efficiency of the air conditioning system is carried out, as well as the advantages of the given entropy-statistical analysis method for such systems are evaluated. The mathematical model was developed in the Matlab Simulink software package.

In this paper the results of the experimental research of the dynamics of the rotor of a four-wheeled aircraft air cycle machine on gas foil supports under conditions of vibration. The description of the experimental unit, measuring system, and methods of results processing is given. The rotor of the turbomachine is mounted on compliant gas foil journal bearings of the second generation. The rotor speed varied from 20000 to 32000 rpm. The cooling turbine was exposed to broadband random vibration with a mean square value of Vibro-acceleration up to 5 g. The influence of vibration load level, air supply temperature, amplitude-frequency characteristics of the turbine cooler case, and vibration equipment on the rotor dynamics was assessed.

Films of fullerenes and fullerene-containing materials have been synthesized from their solutions of various volumes in aromatic and non-aromatic solvents. The photographs and the sizes of the resulting microstructures have been presented. The comparison of IR spectra has been given. Specific conductivity values have been considered.