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The article is devoted to the study of methods for ensuring information security for vertically integrated companies. The study examined the concept of a vertically integrated company, studied its features, risks, information security structure and key components of its software. The authors analyzed modern methods and tools for ensuring cybersecurity, applicable in the analyzed companies, and carried out a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. The work mentions integrated information security systems. Particular attention is paid to authentication technology based on SIM cards with an electronic digital signature as one of its mechanisms. The article examines tokens as traditional tools for implementing electronic digital signatures and SIM cards from the point of view of more modern technology, and also carries out a comparative analysis of them from the economic, technical and legal aspects. The work describes and visualizes a diagram of the process of installing tokens and SIM cards in the business process of vertically integrated companies, and the process of replacing tokens with SIM cards is considered from three points of view: economic, technical and legal. The result of the study was the expansion of the existing knowledge base about ensuring information security in vertically integrated companies and the identification of the implementation of SIM card-based authentication technology as prevailing in relation to the token-based authentication system.

A brief review of devices and methods of functioning of sensors for direct control of transpiration phenomena, their advantages and disadvantages are given. The task of the research is to experimentally confirm the selected calculation dependence for determining the values of xylem flow, i.e. to obtain a formula for determining the rate of xylem mass movement depending on the temperature gradient on the stem surface, which is measured by sensors and given to the system of digital control of production processes based on thermoregulation. And the higher the flow velocity, the faster the temperature front will reach the remote sensor and will cool down by a smaller value than at lower flow velocity and the temperature difference will have a smaller value. The dependence of xylem flow velocity (sap flow) q (g/s) on the temperature difference Δt of the coolant at the inlet of the stem system (heater) and at its outlet (remote sensor-thermocouple) was experimentally obtained. The obtained dependence agrees well with the hyperbolic function q = 0.15 / Δt, obtained by computational method, which confirms the possibility of its application in the processor of digital control of the system of productivity processes in plant systems.

The possibility of seed genetic banks creating is associated with the ability of many plants seeds (the so-called orthodox ones) to maintain germination ability for a long time, being in a dormant state. This opens up wide prospects for the formation of a reserve seeds fund of rare species that are threatened with extinction in natural communities. Botanical gardens in different countries of the world, including the Russian Federation, are working on the creation of such seed banks. To assess the quality of seeds in relation to agricultural crops, as well as natural flora species, radiography is used. It is this kind of non-damaging express assessment of the quality of seeds that turns out to be the most informative technique for seed material obtained in botanical gardens. The article presents the preliminary results of an X-ray study of the seeds quality of some Samara region rare plants - four species ofthe Iris genus - Iris aphylla L., I. halophila Pall., I. pumila L., I. sibirica L.

Research background: The modern world is situated today in a very difficult and complicated period of existence: the coronavirus pandemic, quarantine, the global lockdown, etcetera. Today we are talking about the transition to a new type of social structure, and this transition to something new always entails complexity in adaptation and some breaking of familiar stereotypes. The mankind has faced again the necessity to develop new norms. Purpose of the article: In this article, from the point of view of philosophy, one of the most complex phenomena of the modern information age, is characterized, namely: the global crisis and its role in the formation and development of human thinking, is studied and analyzed. The author’s position echoing the key philosophical ideas presented by such philosophers as R. Descartes and B. Spinoza, I. Kant and G. Hegel, V. Heisenberg and by the others, however, contains its own authorial position. Methods: As part of the historical-comparative analysis, the crucial cultural and existential problems in modern society are demonstrated. The analysis is presented through the prism of such phenomena as a conflict of values, the subjective experience of a person, and a crisis. Thanks to an extensive historical-philosophical and sociocultural discourse, the main milestones of the transformation of understanding and attitude of a person to the basic existential elements of his being in a crisis situation are shown. Findings & Value added: The main focus of the article is on the study and new reception of some previous views on the phenomenon of crisis and the role of philosophy in its evolution.

Research background: The article is devoted to the phenomenon of COVID-19 and its influence of modern man. The article analyses the processes in which the mechanisms of human interaction with the environment manifest themselves, as well as ways to address the destructive processes in the minds and behavior of modern man. Purpose of the article: In this article, from the point of view of philosophy, one of the most complex phenomena of the modern information age, is characterized, namely the modern stage of the human society in the context of pandemic is studied and analyzed. Methods: Theoretical interpretation of understanding of problem of interpersonal communication in the context of globalization and pandemic COVID-19 requires an integrated approach. The method of temporal analysis and the method of personalistic and ideal-typical reconstruction, a tool that is adequate to the author’s interpretation of social self-organization in the era of globalization as a process of constituting the temporal and ethical dominance of individuals and collectivities that formalize the integrity of the cultural epoch, will become the immediate, applied methodological basis. Findings &; Value added: Summing up our reflections, we can say that it is the flexibility, multiple variability in different behavioral situations tha is often the key to successful and efficient activity. On the contrary: constriction, resistance to the changing conditions and factors very often become an obstacle on the way to successful communication with the world around us.

The task of determining the parameters of an innovative project, their composition and structure is a crucial stage in the design and development of an innovative project within the framework of digital transformation. A refined classification of the parameters of an innovative project, considering the specifics of projects aimed at digital transformation of the enterprises, operating in the manufacturing sector, is proposed. The classification separates the parameters of innovative projects into 2 key categories: target parameters and controlled or limiting parameters. When applied to innovative project parameters in digital transformation, target parameters are further divided into gradual and optional types; controlled or limiting parameters constitute basic structure of innovative projects and include road-map and time allocation, costs, market parameters, human resources, technological readiness, regulatory norms. The presented approach leaves room for further research based on additional real case data and risk evaluation, standard and accepted deviations of the project results analysis.

The modern practice of defining administrative-industrial territories has formed the concept of «single-industry towns». Currently, there are many definitions of this phenomenon; however, the common criterion for classifying a town as a single-industry town is that its socio-economic development depends on the activities of one city-forming enterprise or several enterprises in the technological structure that operate within a single production and technological process. Such dependence for settlements with narrow specialization has a negative impact during the crisis situation at the enterprise or its liquidation. The negative consequences include a sharp increase in unemployment (including hidden one), aggravation of social problems, acceleration of population outflow to more developed cities/regions of the region/country, sharply reduced revenues to the local budget, which leads to the impossibility of independent development of the settlement. The problems of single-industry towns in the periods of economic crises are pronounced. Results. This paper has defined the criteria of single-industry towns, approaches to the identification of single-industry towns. In addition, the models and factors contributing to the sustainable socio-economic development of single-industry towns and domestic experience in the modernization of single-industry town settlements are identified.

The study reveals the multifunctionality which is typical of German and Russian political blogs. Regardless of the language of the blogs, information and evaluation, political and convening, consolidating, agitation and propaganda, presentation and propaganda, and directive functions are among the dominant functions. The paper briefly describes the linguistic means which represent these functions. It shows the discursive hybridity of political blogs which is manifested in combining the features of Internet discourse with elements of political, news, journalistic, and social values discourses (in German political blogs) and political, business, legal, conversational, and artistic discourses (in Russian political blogs). The authors establish the relevant communicative strategies of the addresser (the strategy to justify a “problem”, the strategy to support / not support demonstrated evaluation) and the tactics that implement them. The authors also define the topics for discussion which initiate the addressee’s protest reaction – these are social issues, international and regional developments, environment and migration crisis in German political blogs and finance and taxes, constitution and government, elections, corruption and officials in Russian political blogs. The paper describes the ways of forming and maintaining convening technologies in the protest practice considered. It considers the features of mediatization of politics and personality in the content analyzed, which are manifested in guiding the political agenda to the needs of the addressee. It also establishes that German and Russian political blogs as a protest practice are characterized by a set of common system and communicative characteristics, a similar strategy and tactic organization, and a different set of problem areas marked with the “threat” index. The results obtained contribute to further development of the provisions of the communicative theory of protest, facilitate the understanding of modern protest forms and attempt to explain how technology, politics and the media sphere are interlinked.

The study focuses on the problem of toxic communication as one of the risk factors in Health, Safety & Environmental culture development. The data obtained indicate that the effectiveness of Health, Safety & Environmental communication is reduced due to the expansion of toxic communication, which includes such phenomena as intentional confusion, topic overdiscussing, lack of dialogue on equal footing, lack of feedback, and weak corporate culture. It is also shown that in most cases, ineffective Health, Safety & Environmental leadership of managers and chiefs demonstrates the communicative behaviour of a toxic boss. The conclusion is drawn on the need for further studies of toxic communication in order to reduce its negative impact on Health, Safety & Environmental culture promotion.

The modern world is firmly connected with the phenomenon of globalization. In fact, globalization means a new stage in the historical development of society, where the economic, political and cultural interaction of the countries of the modern world is becoming more intense and profound. The method of temporal analysis and the method of personalistic and ideal-typical reconstruction, a tool that is adequate to the author’s interpretation of inter-personal understanding in the era of globalization as a process of constituting the temporal and ethical dominance of individuals and collectivities that formalize the integrity of the cultural epoch, will become the immediate, applied methodological basis. The article deals with the phenomenon of social understanding, as important interaction between individuals in the global modern society through the analysis of information systems and inter-machine communication. The authors are convinced that as a result of all these processes we can speak about principal new level of individual relationship. In our opinion, information communication systems created by people are the ideal communication model for the future society. The article is devoted to for the inter-personal understanding in the future society based on information systems.

The relevance of this study is caused by the need to solve problems of sustainable use of natural resources in the Arctic region when implementing projects with international participation. The paper highlighted a number of the most significant problems of the region, which destroy the ecological balance. The areas of development of the natural resources of the Arctic region have been determined with the participation of countries interested in this, in particular, China, which is striving to become the leading export world power and influence the sustainable use of natural resources in the Arctic region. The paper analyzes the interests of China in the Arctic, identifies the strategy of China’s behavior and the main directions of international cooperation with the countries of Northern Europe and North America in the Arctic region. China is increasingly pursuing its Arctic policy, and international cooperation is an important way for China to strengthen its research and economic potential in the Arctic. The dominant interests of China in the Arctic are: the development of polar scientific research; the creation of a transport and logistics system; development of hydrocarbon energy and mineral resources; development of systems based on renewable energy sources; maintaining ecological balance, including through the development of a green economy in the region; environmental protection. In this regard, China is taking active steps to establish strong bilateral and multilateral relations with Western countries, the so-called Arctic G8 countries, and seeks to promote its interests in the region under consideration, including through large investments in the Arctic projects of these countries.

The article basing on the case study of English-language websites of British restaurants and taking into account such discursive parameters as the goal of communication, content, addresser and addressee factors, communicative strategies, and linguistic features deals thoroughly with genre organization of restaurant online discourse. The authors establish the stages and the criteria for its hyper-genre and sub-genre levels. They show that genres systems of virtual communication adjusted to achieving the goals of the restaurant business become system-forming for this type of restaurant discourse practice. The authors also establish the factors of a communicative and pragmatic goal, institutionally based typical interactions, and the addresser and addressee factors as the most important ones of its formation. They point out communicative strategies realized by a set of tactics and dominant linguistic means as the most important communicative and pragmatic means of achieving the goal of a restaurant.