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Identifying key road segments and prioritizing their protection to enhance the resilience of road networks against crisis events remains a pressing issue. In this paper, complex network theory is adopted to determine the importance ranking of road segments and analyse how to select the road segments that need to be rehabilitated in the case of insufficient budget. This study will provide three different methods to assess the importance of road segments, and with the help of user equilibrium model for traffic demand allocation, calculate the system travel time after rehabilitation to evaluate, compare, and analyse different rehabilitation schemes, and then get the rehabilitation scheme with better performance. Meanwhile, it is investigated whether the optimal road segment rehabilitation combination will change under different budget levels. The results of the case study finally show that the rehabilitation set determined by the Clustering Coefficient and the betweenness is better, which can provide practical guidance on how to select the prioritized rehabilitation segments.