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Fermentation technology is essential for raising feed's nutritional content and improving quality. The purpose of the current feeding study was to assess the impact of switching from raw rice bran to fermented rice bran (FRB) on the growth performance, nutritional consumption, economic value, and histological alterations in the gut and liver of the grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (with an initial weight of 5.7 ± 0.01g). The control diet (c) and the other three isoproteic (27% crude protein) diets (B50, B75, and B100) were formulated with FRB replacing 50, 75, and 100% of the rice bran, respectively. Following a 60-day feeding period, the grey mullet given the B100% diet had greater final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein contents in their bodies compared to the control group (P< 0.05). Additionally, the fish given the B100% diet showed improved feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and feed efficiency ratio values. Furthermore, the insertion of FRB resulted in a substantial increase in the count of intestinal microbiota (P< 0.05). In contrast to the control group, the fermented therapies had no detrimental effects on the overall immunity. From an economic perspective, the cost of formulating the diet increased by 0.88% when rice bran was fully replaced with fermented rice bran (FRB) (B100). The results of this study suggest that substituting rice bran with FRB up to 100% may improve growth performance, feed consumption, gut health, and profitability in juvenile M. cephalus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate whether fermented rice bran can substitute soybean meal in the diet of the grey mullet. Four different substitution levels (0, 5, 10, and 15%) in the diet were investigated for soybean meal replacement with fermented rice bran (FRB). In the 0-10% replacement groups, weight, specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio, body protein level, and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to the 15% replacement group. Additionally, there was no difference (P>0.05) in the grey mullet's growth rate in the 0 and 10% replacement treatments. Furthermore, replacing up to 15% of soybean meal with fermented rice bran (FRB) did not significantly affect the overall immunity of the grey mullet. Additionally, incorporating fermented rice bran (FRB) significantly increased the gut microbiota counts (P< 0.05). The greatest increase in the gut microbiota was observed when up to 5% of soybean meal was replaced with FRB. From an economic perspective, substituting up to 5% of soybean meal with FRB reduced the cost of formulating the diet by 0.64% and decreased the cost per kilogram of weight gain by 5 to 10%, or approximately 9.9 and 1.5%, respectively. Overall, the study suggests that replacing up to 10% of rice bran with FRB can enhance growth performance, feed consumption, body composition, intestinal microbiota counts, and financial viability in the grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of a dietary fermented poultry by-product (FPBP) on the growth performance, feed efficiency, body chemical composition, blood biochemical tests and economic efficiency of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Poultry by-product was subjected to solid-state fermentation then incorporated into four experimental (Isonitrogenous 30% and iso-caloric 4400Kcal/ Kg) diets containing 0, 25, 50 and 75% FPBP instead of soybean meal. Results revealed that the replacement of soybean meal with FBPP had significantly high (P≤ 0.05) growth performance and feed utilization. Moreover, body ash content decreased insignificantly (P≤ 0.05) compared to the control. At a low substitution level of 25% FPBP, a significant increase in body fat content (P≤ 0.05) was recorded compared to the control. Furthermore, body ash and energy contents demonstrated a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) compared with the control. Additionally, biochemical blood tests revealed that FPBP does not have any harmful effects on either liver or kidney function parameters. It could be concluded that the replacement of soybean meal with FPBP at a level of 25% was the best in terms of growth performance and feed utilization under these experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofloc systems represent a promising approach for achieving greater sustainability and productivity in aquaculture. This trial aimed to investigate the physio-histological impacts of different concentrations of biofloc on antioxidant capacities and the histology of both hepatopancreas and gills structure and abnormalities of the white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The study used three ratios of C:N (1:10, 1:15, 1:20) with three different levels of density (10, 20, 20 individuals/100L) for each ratio with triplicate for 56 days. The results of antioxidants activities showed that antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPXs, MDH, LYZ) were significantly increased in biofloc treatments and reached its best activity in 1:15 treatment with a stocking density of 20 individuals/100L. The histological records indicated that 1:15 ratio enhanced the structure for both hepatopancreas and gills tissues. Tissues in the control and 1:10 ratio treatment seemed to be normal. In the 1:15 treatment, the hepatopancreas showed all important cells as blazeZellen cells (B) and embryonal Zellen cells (E) and normal arrangement of cells and normal interlamellar space for gills. With the increase of C:N ratio and stocking density, hepatopancreas showed a severe cell deformation, vacuoles, while the gills showed epithelial edema and abnormalities, particularly in 1:30 treatment, with 30 individuals/100L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal diet with fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and economical evaluation of Nile tilapia fingerlings at rates (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% FCSM for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The basal diet was designed to contain (FCSM-0%) as a control). Three hundred and sixty Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings with initial weight of 3.5 ± 0.12 g were divided into six groups (20 fish per tank, Triplicate per treatment). Fingerlings Nile tilapia were hand-fed to visual satiation at two meals per day for 90 days. Fish were fed diets containing different levels of FCSM had no significant differences regarding survival. Final weight, Weight gain, SGR and PER were significantly higher in group of fish on T5and T4 groups, respectively. FCR was the lowest in T5 (1 0 0 %) and T4 (80%) replacement of soybean meal with fermented cottonseed meal compared with the control group and other experimental dieys. Feed and protein intake were significantly highest in group of fish fed on control and T1diets and the lowest in group of fish fed on T5and T4. Body protein significantly increased with increasing level of incorporation of fermented cottonseed meal in the diets. These results indicated that incorporation of fermented cotton seed meal into fingerlings Nile tilapia fingerlings diets reduced the price of one kg diet to 82.93, 72.93, 64.71, 57.66 and 61.25% for the T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively compared to the control group (100% of the price). In conclusion, fermented cotton seed meal can be replaced soybean meal at levels 80 or 100% without negative effects on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia fingerlings under experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Suez Canal has three lakes including Timsah, and the Great and Little Bitter Lakes, which are important fishery resources in Egypt. These lakes produce highly economically important fish species, viz. grey mullet, shrimp, cuttlefish, striped piggy, crab, soles, gastropods and bivalves. The Timsah Lake is located nearly halfway along the Suez Canal between 30° 13' 00" to 32° 35' 18" N and 32° 16' 30" to 32° 18' 30" E. It is a shallowwater basin with an average depth of about 6m and a surface area of nearly 15km2. It is a brackish lake with significant variations in salinity. The Bitter Lakes (30°20' N, 32°23' E), the largest water bodies along the Suez Canal, are saline lakes with a surface area of about 250km². The total annual commercial landings from Suez Canal lakes varied between 6289 and 2260 tons during the last 20 years. In 2020, a total of 3428 tons landed corresponded to a value of almost 300 million LE. A number of fishing methods are used in the lakes including gill nets, crab nets, shrimp nets, beach seine, hattata and trammel nets. The present work investigated the fishing methods used in Suez Canal lakes, their characteristics, the catch composition, catch trend and the relative abundance of different commercial species measured by the catch per unit fishing effort CPUE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]