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Actually, the present current work addresses an innovative approach for benign enhancement of dyeing of cotton fabrics assisted with nanocomposite based on chitosan (Cs), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and clay. The Cs/Ag NPs and Cs/Ag NPs/clay nanocomposites were prepared using UV irradiation and applied on the cotton fabrics by pad-dry-curing method. The blank and treated cotton fabrics were dyed with C.I. Acid Orange 74. The Dye exhaustion, colorimetric analysis as well as fastness properties of the treated fabrics was evaluated. The obtained data proves that the nanocomposite of Cs/Ag NPs/clay is a promising mixture for durable dyeing for cotton fabrics.

The current work provides a simple synthetic route for the preparation of poly-(phosphonium-salicyl)-grafted chitosan Schiff bases (PPCSB), its M(II) complexes (M = Cu or Pd) and silver nanobiocomposites (NBCs). The ex-situ protocol was used for preparation of nanosilver (AgNPs) using NaBH4 as a reducing agent then capped either by PPCSB or Pd(II)PPCSB to fabricate NBCs {AgNPs@PPCSB, AgNPs@Pd(II)PPCSB}. Structural, morphological and physicochemical characterizations of the new architectures were examined based upon diverse spectral and microscopic techniques. The antibacterial properties of new compoundswas investigated against gram positive (S. aureus, B.subtilis) and gram negative (E. coli, P. aeruginosa) bacterial strains. Unexpectedly, the M(II)PPCSB complexes were found to be more active against all tested bacterial strains than NBCs (AgNPs@PPCSB, AgNPs@Pd(II)PPCSB). Meanwhile, as revealed from ZOI values, the Cu(II)PPCSB is the most potent bactericidal agent against all tested bacterial strains except E. coli species which is more affected by Pd(II)PPCSB

As known, linen and muslin cotton fibers are used in museums and excavation areas as packaging materials for first aid of mummies. These materials with the course of long-term exposure to improper surrounding conditions become brittle, fragile, and very weak. The current research study aimed to evaluate the effect of guar gum with different concentrations for the consolidation of linen and muslin cotton samples. Additionally, the work aimed also to monitor the changes in the properties of these mate-rials after accelerated heat aging at 100℃. The analytical techniques used for this purpose were Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for examining the chemical changes, the morphological structure via using scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation), color and weight change for the treated linen and muslin cotton fabrics. The findings of FTIR proved that there were low chemical changes in the aged treated samples compared to the aged untreated samples implying that the chemical stability of the treated samples was increased while treatment with guar gum. There was good distribution in the fiber structure of the treated samples as shown from SEM data. The aged treated samples showed less destruction in the fiber structure compared to the aged untreated samples. The mechanical properties were also improved. The total color differences obtained from treated and aged treated muslin cotton samples were better than the linen samples. Moreover, the accelerated heat aging had an effect on the weight of the aged treated samples, which were better than the aged untreated samples.

During the last decade, nanoparticles could be considered as important platforms to treat skin wounds. Metal nanoparticles especially silver have shown potential therapeutic effects on wound healing. In this work, solid state synthesis was used for the preparation of AgNPs without using an extra chemicals or solvents. AgNPs was easily synthesized using dextran as a reducant and stabilizing agent by eco-grinding artlessly for dextran powder, sodium hydroxide beads and silver nitrate with no considerable times. The efficiency of dextran as dual role for the synthesis of AgNPs was evaluated via changing the utilized concentration of silver nitrate. The formed silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultra-violet spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, X-Ray Diffraction, field emission scanning-electron-energy dispersive X-ray tools. The resultant AgNPs with different concentration were applied to cotton fabrics. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of the treated fabrics was evaluated. The results revealed that the spherical shape with well distribution of prepared AgNPs was affirmed. In addition, the stability of AgNPs was achieved and acquired values more than -30 mv. The results also depicted that the nanoparticles were successfully deposited onto and penetrated inside the surface of fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics exhibit superior antimicrobial properties that determined by disc diffusion method to kill the pathogenic microbes. Additionally, the cell viability (%) of the treated cotton fabrics has no toxicity effect for the human and non-human cell lines. Based on that, the synthesis of AgNPs is based on solvent-free and one pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles which is eco-friendly, low cost, save effort and chemicals, also gives a high yield.