Search

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a common pregnancy complication and is associated with significant risks of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aimed to measure the incidence rate of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) among pregnant women attending Zagazig University Hospital, and to identify the risk factors associated with PROM and fetal/neonatal outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Zagazig University Hospitals. It included 69 women with PROM. The study was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, general examination and laboratory investigations. Results: There were 46 mother gave birth of healthy babies with good Apgar score (66.7%), 15 with babies needed O2 incubators (21.7%) and 8 with babies that were put on ventilators (11.6%). There were 68 mothers with no bad outcomes and 1 with chorioamnionitis. The risk factors of the cases showed that there were 15 with no risk factor (21.7%), 8 with previous PROM (11.6%), 6 with multi pregnancy (8.7%), 12 with antepartum (17.4%), 16 with infections (23.2%) and 12 with chronic diseases (17.4%). Conclusions: we concluded that younger, illiterate parturient women were found to be provoking factors to increased PPROM. Such hazards may affect both maternal and neonatal outcome such as infection, maternal distress, fetal distress, increase operative delivery, as well as need for neonatal intensive care unit care in more than 50% of the neonates.

Background: Lesions of the rotator cuff (RC) are a common occurrence affecting millions of people across all parts of the globe. RC tears are also rampantly prevalent with an age-dependent increase in numbers. Other associated factors include a history of trauma, limb dominance, contralateral shoulder, smoking-status, hypercholesterolemia, posture and occupational dispositions. The challenge lies in early diagnosis since a high proportion of patients are asymptomatic. Pain and decreasing shoulder power and function should alert the heedful practitioner in recognizing promptly the onset or aggravation of existing RC tears.Aim of the work: The present study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis about arthroscopic repair outcomes in patients with full thickness rotator cuff tear, using double row suture anchor techniques.Patients and Methods: Systematic review and Meta-analysis study. The literature search identified 50 studies for consideration; however, 7 studies were excluded following abstract screening. For the remaining studies, examination of the full-text manuscripts was conducted, and only 9 of the 33 articles met all eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis.Results: The study yielded the following results: the average pain score improved from 7.4 points preoperatively to 0.7 point postoperatively. The subjective outcome was excellent or good in 220 (90.9%) of the 242 shoulders. the average increase in the Constant score after the operation was 25.4.Conclusion: Nine studies were selected which met all eligibility criteria because of lack of studies containing these criteria. Also meta-analysis was used to get this conclusion. Nevertheless, this study does not include uniform studies as currently there is no consensus on same data of selected studies; however it includes repair by double row technique only.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders Characterized by chronic hyperglycaemic condition resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the predominant form of diabetes and represent 90% of all cases of DM. Studies show that vitamin D (VD) has an important role in modifying the risk of T2DM, especially among insulin resistant diabetic patients. Recently a novel association between insulin resistance and vitamin D deficiency has been proposed. Aim: In the current research we investigate the association between hypovitaminosis D and T2DM. Also we will study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic status, oxidative stress status and inflammatory markers in T2DM patients. Methods and patients: forty T2DM patients with hypovitaminosis D were assessed for glycemic, inflammatory and antioxidants parameters. After 6 months of VD supplementation for the intervention group of patients (n=20), there was significant improvement in VD level, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA - IR), Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbAIC), serum insulin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation has a promising effect on the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes as there is a significant improvement in glycemic , inflammatory and oxidative parameters in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients

Background: Neonatal stress is often poorly managed and many stressful procedures such as suctioning are carried out without paying attention to relieve stress. So, gustatory and auditory sensory stimulations help nurses provide developmental care for neonates during stressful procedures. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of gustatory versus auditory stimulation on physiological and behavioral indicators of neonates during endotracheal suctioning. Hypothesis: Neonates who receive gustatory stimulation exhibit stable physiological and behavioral indicators than those who do not. Neonates who receive auditory stimulation exhibit stable physiological and behavioral indicators those who do not. Design: A quasi experimental design was used to accomplish this study. Setting: This research was carried out in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at specialized Smouha hospital in Alexandria. Sample: This study comprised of 75 neonates. Data collection: Two tools were used namely; Bio-demographic characteristics and medical history of neonates' assessment sheet which includes characteristics of neonates and their medical data and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. Results: The main result showed that, after suctioning, all neonates in the gustatory stimulation group and the majority in the auditory stimulation group exhibited stability in physiological and behavior indicators compared to none of the neonates in the control group. Moreover, three quarters of the neonates among the control group had severe level of stress compared to none of neonates among the gustatory and auditory stimulations groups. The difference was statistically significant between the three groups(p=0.000). Conclusion: gustatory and auditory stimulations were effective in improving neonates' physiological and behavioral indicators of stress during and after endotracheal tube suctioning. Recommendation: Gustatory and auditory stimulations should be incorporated in NICUs policies to relive neonate stress during stressful procedures.

Background: Plasma calprotectin is a persistent biomarker of insulin resistance (IR), gastroenteritis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed the role of plasma and urinary calprotectin in type 2 diabetes patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), to assess whether calprotectin is a risk factor for developing PAD in type 2 diabetes patients. Aim of the work: To study the association of plasma and urinary calprotectin levels with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients Methods: The current study was conducted on 90 subjects. They were subdivided into 3 groups. Group I: 30 type 2 diabetics with PAD, group II: 30 type 2 diabetics without PAD and group III: 30 healthy control subjects of comparable age and sex. They were subjected to history taking, full clinical examination, anthropometric measurement, plasma and urinary calprotectin levels that were measured by ELISA and ankle brachial index. In addition, HbA1c, fasting serum lipid profile, highly sensitive CRP and CBC were measured. Results: plasma calprotectin level was significantly higher in patients with T2DM with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) compared to the other 2 groups, urinary calprotectin was significantly higher in all type 2 diabetic subjects compared to healthy control group. Age, current smoking status, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin and plasma calprotectin were independent determinant of peripheral arterial disease in T2DM patients Conclusion: Elevated plasma and urinary calprotectin levels in diabetic patients compared to healthy control suggest the possible role of calprotectin in development of atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease and the possibility of its use as a biomarker for diabetic vasculopathy.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major and growing public health problem throughout the world. In developing countries, there is a scarcity in the published data regarding the quality of care of DM, including non-adherence of the patients, poor glycemic control, and the long-term consequences of DM. Aim of Study: The International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS) was developed to provide standard-ized data about the management of care of patients with diabetes in developing countries. In this report, we presented the results of the seventh wave of IDMPS about the manage-ment of care of DM in Egypt. Patients and Methods: IDMPS is an international, multi-center, observational, cross-sectional study to assess current practices in the management of care of people with DM. The primary outcome in the present study was the proportion of patients achieving glycemic targets (HbA1c) as per recom-mendations of International guidelines (HbA1c

establishing adequate utilization of genetic variation in developing livestock breeding programs. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene technique was used in the present study to identify and differentiate the main three Egyptian local goat breeds (i.e. Baladi, Zaraibi and Barki) via DNA barcoding to confirm its species identity and provide valuable DNA sequence source in the nucleotide online database for further studies. Blast (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) results confirmed samples to be Capra hircus (100%) with no variation among the studied breeds. On the other hand, the Fluorescently Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (F-AFLP) technique was applied to assess genetic variation among and within the three breeds for litter size character. F-AFLP analysis of triplicates per breed produced 164 polymorphic loci. At the same time fixed and private bands varied among the three breeds; 47, 17 and 14 bands and 9, 19 and 27 bands for Baladi, Zaraibi and Barki, respectively. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 3.8% and 96.1% variance among and within breeds, respectively. Population re-allocation showed that all samples of Baladi breed are outliers, Zaraibi breed one outlier and two hybrids and in Barki breed one hybrid, one outlier and one allocates itself. Private bands in excel filter (using virtual inspection in excel) showed fixed bands of 213bp molecular weight at locus 35 in both Baladi and Zaraibi breeds. These bands considered as genetic marker for litter size trait (i.e. high prolific animals).