1. Retinoic acid enhances the levels of IL-10 in TLR-stimulated B cells from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
- Author
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Eriksen AB, Berge T, Gustavsen MW, Leikfoss IS, Bos SD, Spurkland A, Harbo HF, and Blomhoff HK
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antigens, CD19 metabolism, B-Lymphocytes metabolism, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Female, Glatiramer Acetate, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents pharmacology, Middle Aged, Peptides pharmacology, Toll-Like Receptor 9 metabolism, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Antigens, CD pharmacology, B-Lymphocytes drug effects, Interleukin-10 metabolism, Keratolytic Agents pharmacology, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting pathology, Tretinoin pharmacology
- Abstract
We have explored the beneficial effects of retinoic acid (RA) on B cells from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. When co-stimulated via the toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR9 and RP105, MS B cells secreted less of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) compared to B cells from healthy controls. Importantly, RA enhanced the secretion of IL-10 by MS-derived B cells without affecting the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. RA revealed the same ability to induce IL-10 as did interferon-β-1b (IFN-β-1b), and B-cells from patients treated with glatiramer acetate or IFN-β-1b still displayed the beneficial effects of RA on the IL-10/TNF-α ratio., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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