1. Specific methylation of the CpG-rich domains in the promoter of the human tissue transglutaminase gene.
- Author
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Cacciamani T, Virgili S, Centurelli M, Bertoli E, Eremenko T, and Volpe P
- Subjects
- 5-Methylcytosine, Base Sequence, Binding Sites genetics, Cytosine metabolism, DNA chemistry, DNA genetics, DNA metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, CpG Islands genetics, Cytosine analogs & derivatives, DNA Methylation, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, Transglutaminases genetics
- Abstract
The activity of tissue transglutaminase is present in many cells and tissues but almost absent in leucocytes and lymphocytes. The present work describes the distribution of 5-methylcytosine along the bisulphite-converted promoter of the human tissue transglutaminase gene as being in an essentially repressed state. In this promoter, the chain-specific sequencing revealed the location of three CpG-rich domains whose methylation responds to an 'all or nothing' signal. While the CpGs of domain 1, at the 5'-end, and 2, in the mid-promoter, were fully methylated, those of domain 3, at the 3'-end, were fully unmethylated. Before the 5'-UTR sequence, from site+1 to site+67, also unmethylated, there was thus a striking contrast in the post-synthetic modification between the sequence, from -1594 to -436, containing domains 1 and 2, and the sequence, from -435 to -1, containing domain 3 with the core promoter.
- Published
- 2002
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