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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the moderating effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) gene variants on the association of serum C-reactive protein level (CRP) and ischemic stroke (IS)., Material and Methods: A total of 114 patients with IS and 135 healthy controls were included., Results: After adjustment for age, sex, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, hypertension, smoking, body mass index and previous therapy with antihypertensive and/or statins, PPAR-γ had statistically significant moderating effect on association of serum CRP level and IS in patients younger than 60. In participants with PPAR CG or GG genotype level of CRP and IS were not statistically significantly associated (OR = 1.00; 95% CI 0.90-1.10; p = 0.933), but in participants with PPAR CC genotype, the association of serum CRP level and IS was significant (OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.21-2.31; p = 0.002)., Conclusion: In patients with PPAR CC genotype the association of serum CRP level and IS was significant., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Aim: Ischemic stroke (IS) is multifactorial disease and therefore different genes and proteins play a role in its development. Haptoglobin (Hp) removes free hemoglobin and protects from iron-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate Hp genetic variants in patients with carotid atherosclerotic lesions and IS., Material and Methods: A total of 121 subjects with IS participated in the study, 81 male and 40 female., Results: Among 121 patients with IS, 79 had diffuse atherosclerotic plaques and stenosis. Hp genotype was statistically significantly associated with CDFI neck carotid artery stenosis findings (p = 0.006). Patients with Hp1-2 genotype had statistically significantly larger odds for atherosclerotic changes compared to those with Hp1-1 genotype, as well as those with Hp2-2 genotype., Conclusion: This study has shown an association of the Hp2-2 genotype and atherosclerosis in patients with IS, indicating Hp2-2 genotype as a genetic biomarker for precision medicine and personalized healthcare., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene 1166A>C polymorphism is strongly associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and predicts the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). There is little information about the gene-diet interactions associated with MetS. This investigation examined the interaction between dietary patterns and AT1R polymorphism in relation to development risk of MetS., Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, case-control study included 265 MetS patients and 262 healthy controls in an adult population from Croatia. Collected data included clinical variables, type of diet (Mediterranean, continental and mixed), biochemical tests and AT1R genotyping. AT1R 1166A>C genotyping was performed by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. To examine gene-diet interactions, a total predictive model was built using a hierarchical backward elimination approach., Results: Participants on Continental-diet were nearly 20 times more likely to have MetS than those on Mediterranean or mixed diet (OR = 19.96; 95% CI 10.44-38.18). In multivariate prediction, control subjects with AT1R 1166AC or CC genotype had a higher risk for high triglycerides compared to the AA genotype carriers. 1166AC or CC genotype carriers more often chose Mediterranean or mixed-diet versus 1166AA genotype carriers whose choice often was continental diet., Conclusions: Our results are the first to suggest the possibility that the choice of diet can undermine the potential genetic risk of the AT1R polymorphism as polymorphism carriers may spontaneously choose the Mediterranean-diet., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Aim: Etiology of ischemic stroke (IS) is multifactorial and includes interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Different genes, their polymorphisms, host susceptibility, and inflammation processes play a role in IS development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PPAR-γ and IL-6 gene variants on IS onset., Material and Methods: A total of 301 subjects (144 males, 157 females) participated in the study, 114 patients with IS and 187 healthy controls., Results: Statistically significant predictors of IS were male gender (OR 7.13, 95% CI 2.92-17.39, p<0.001), hypertension (OR 7.82. 95% CI 2.53-24.19, p<0.001), lowered HDL cholesterol (OR 8.20, 95% CI 2.41-27.94, p=0.001), elevated C-reactive protein (OR 5.26, 95% CI 1.92-14.41) and IL-6 -174 GC (OR 2.44 95% CI 1.01-5.91, p=0.0048) genotype. Males, compared to females, had 7 times higher odds for stroke. IL6 -174G/C genotype increased the odds for IS for 2.4 times. PPARγ was not statistically significantly associated with stroke., Conclusion: We can point to the IL-6 -174G>C polymorphisms as candidate gene marker and risk factor for the prediction of ischemic stroke., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)