1. Depression-Anxiety Coupling Strength as a predictor of relapse in major depressive disorder: A CAN-BIND wellness monitoring study report.
- Author
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Nunes A, Pavlova B, Cunningham JEA, Nuñez JJ, Quilty LC, Foster JA, Harkness KL, Ho K, Lam RW, Li QS, Milev R, Rotzinger S, Soares CN, Taylor VH, Turecki G, Kennedy SH, Frey BN, Rudzicz F, and Uher R
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Depression psychology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Recurrence, Anxiety psychology
- Abstract
Background: A critical challenge in the study and management of major depressive disorder (MDD) is predicting relapse. We examined the temporal correlation/coupling between depression and anxiety (called Depression-Anxiety Coupling Strength, DACS) as a predictor of relapse in patients with MDD., Methods: We followed 97 patients with remitted MDD for an average of 394 days. Patients completed weekly self-ratings of depression and anxiety symptoms using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Using these longitudinal ratings we computed DACS as random slopes in a linear mixed effects model reflecting individual-specific degree of correlation between depression and anxiety across time points. We then tested DACS as an independent variable in a Cox proportional hazards model to predict relapse., Results: A total of 28 patients (29 %) relapsed during the follow-up period. DACS significantly predicted confirmed relapse (hazard ratio [HR] 1.5, 95 % CI [1.01, 2.22], p = 0.043; Concordance 0.79 [SE 0.04]). This effect was independent of baseline depressive or anxiety symptoms or their average levels over the follow-up period, and was identifiable more than one month before relapse onset., Limitations: Small sample size, in a single study. Narrow phenotype and comorbidity profiles., Conclusions: DACS may offer opportunities for developing novel strategies for personalized monitoring, early detection, and intervention. Future studies should replicate our findings in larger, diverse patient populations, develop individual patient prediction models, and explore the underlying mechanisms that govern the relationship of DACS and relapse., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest RM has received consulting and speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Eisai, Janssen, Lallemand, Lundbeck, Neonmind, and Otsuka, and research grants from CAN-BIND, CIHR, Janssen, Nubiyota, OBI and OMHF. RWL has received honoraria for ad hoc speaking or advising/consulting, or received research funds, from: Abbvie, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Bausch, BC Leading Edge Foundation, Brain Canada, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments, CAN-BIND Solutions, Carnot, Grand Challenges Canada, Healthy Minds Canada, Janssen, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Medscape, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MITACS, Neurotorium, Ontario Brain Institute, Otsuka, Pfizer/Viatris, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Unity Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, and VGH-UBCH Foundation. JAF has served on the Scientific Advisory Board for MRM Health NL and has received consulting/speaker fees from Klaire Labs, WebMD, Takeda Canada and Rothman, Benson, Hedges Inc. QSL is an employee of Janssen Research & Development, LLC and is a shareholder in Johnson & Johnson, which is the parent company of the Janssen companies. QSL declares that, except for income received from her primary employer, no financial support or compensation has been received from any individual or corporate entity over the past 3 years for research or professional service, and there are no personal financial holdings that could be perceived as constituting a potential conflict of interest. JJN is partially supported by a Marshall Fellowship Award from the UBC Institute of Mental Health. RU is supported by the Canada Research Chairs program. CS has received research funds from Clairvoyant Therapeutics, Otsuka, Eisai Inc. and served as an Advisory Board Member for Bayer, Pfizer, Eisai, Boheringer-Ingelheim. SHK has received engagements from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen, Lundbeck, Merck, Neurotorium, Otsuka. CAN-BIND is an Integrated Discovery Program carried out in partnership with, and financial support from, the Ontario Brain Institute, an independent non-profit corporation, funded partially by the Ontario government. The opinions, results and conclusions are those of the authors and no endorsement by the Ontario Brain Institute is intended or should be inferred. Additional funding is provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Lundbeck, Servier. Funding and/or in kind support is also provided by the investigators' universities and academic institutions. All study medications for the CAN-BIND-1 Trial were independently purchased at wholesale market values. The Wellness Monitoring Study was partially funded by Janssen Research & Development, LLC with research funding from Janssen to University Health Network., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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