Search

Aim of the Study: The effects of sardine by-products (SBy-P) and fillet proteins (SF-P) were compared to casein (Cas) ; these effects were assessed on blood pressure, glycemic control, reverse cholesterol transport, lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity in obese rats., Materials and Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were subjected for three months, to a high-fat diet. The obese rats were divided into three groups and consumed the same high-fat diet for 28 days after addition of either, 20% SBy-P, SF-P or Cas., Results: The sardine proteins (SBy-P and SF-P) compared respectively to Cas, reduced diastolic (-14%, -11% P<0.05) and systolic pressures (-12%, -8% P<0.05), blood glucose (-24%, -21% P<0.05), glycated hemoglobin (-28%, -21% P<0.05), insulinemia (-29%, -18% P<0.05) and HOMA-IR index (-29%, -18% P<0.05). They improve the reverse cholesterol transport by increasing the lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity (+43%, +30% P<0.05) and high-density lipoproteins in cholesterol esters (+108%, +88% P<0.05), and decreasing the atherogenicity ratios and membrane fluidity (P<0.05). Furthermore, SBy-P and SF-P induced a reduction of reactive thiobarbituric acid substances concentrations in heart (-45%, -25% P<0.05), aorta (-62%, -41% P<0.05), liver (-40%, -21% P<0.05) and adipose tissue (-50%, -37% P<0.05) with an improvement in antioxidant capacity., Conclusion: Sardine proteins, in particular those extracted from by-products, because of their hypotensive, hypoglycemic, anti-atherogenic and antioxidant properties, may have protective effects against the cardiovascular risk associated with obesity., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Aims: Fish by-products valorization on account of their richness in bioactive compounds may represent a better alternative to marine products with a view to economic profitability and sustainable development. In this study, we compared the effect of sardine by-product proteins (SBy-P), with those of the fillets (SF-P) or casein (Cas), on growth parameters, serum leptin level, lipids disorders, lipid peroxidation and reverse cholesterol transport, in diet-induced obese rats., Main Methods: Obesity was induced by feeding rats a high-fat diet (20% sheep fat), during 12 weeks. At body weight (BW) of 400 ± 20 g, eighteen obese rats were divided into three homogenous groups and continue to consume the high-fat diet for 4 weeks containing either, 20% SBy-P, SF-P or Cas., Key Findings: The results showed that SBy-P, compared to SF-P and Cas, efficiently reduced food intake (FI), BW gain and serum leptin level, and improved blood lipids levels and reverse cholesterol transport by reducing total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-HDL 1 -C) serum levels, increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL 2 -C and HDL 3 -C), and enhancing lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. Furthermore, they attenuated lipid peroxidation by increasing atheroprotective activity of the paraoxonase-1 (PON-1)., Significance: Sardine by-product proteins due to their richness in certain essential amino acids, highlight weight-loss, lipid-lowering, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic potentials, contributing to the improvement of the complications associated with obesity., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim of the Study: The effects of an obesogenic diet enriched in sardine by-products (Sardina pilchardus) on blood pressure, glycemic control and some cardiovascular risk factors, in particular pro-atherogenic were studied on an experimental model., Materials and Methods: Male rats (n=12) weighing 200±10g were subjected to an adjustment phase of 10 days in an obesogenic diet containing 30% sheep fat. After this period, the rats were divided into two homogeneous groups. The first group (HF-SBp) consumes the obesogenic diet supplemented with 30% of by-products flour (F-SBp), and the second (HF) continuous to consume the obesogenic diet and serve as control., Results: At day 30, in HF-SBp versus HF group: a reduction was noted in diastolic (-11%) and systolic (-10%) pressure, glycemia (-19%), glycated hemoglobin percent (-43%), serum total lipids concentration (-22%), triacylglycerols (-37%), total cholesterol (-29%) and unesterified cholesterol (-30%), cholesteryl esters (-30%), cholesterol of very low density lipoprotein (-37%) and low density (-37%) was noted. Inversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LCAT activity were enhanced by 19% and 77%, respectively. However, the atherogenicity index and membrane fluidity were reduced (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Sardine by-products probably by their bioactive compounds properties seem to have antihypertensive, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic properties that could prevent and/or attenuate some metabolic disorders associated with obesity., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)