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4 results on '"Antonio Caruso"'

1. A survey on deep learning in UAV imagery for precision agriculture and wild flora monitoring: Datasets, models and challenges

Author

Lorenzo Epifani and Antonio Caruso

Subjects
Machine learning, Deep neural networks, Image analysis, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Agritech, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Agricultural industries, HD9000-9495
Abstract

Machine learning is the state of the art for many recurring tasks in several heterogeneous domains. In the last decade, it has been also widely used in Precision Agriculture (PA) and Wild Flora Monitoring (WFM) to address a set of problems with a big impact on economy, society and academia, heralding a paradigm shift across the industry and academia. Many applications in those fields involve image processing and computer vision stages. Remote sensing devices are very popular choice for image acquisition in this context, and in particular, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) offer a good tradeoff between cost and area coverage. For these reasons, research literature is rich of works that face problems in Precision Agriculture and Wild Flora Monitoring domains with machine learning/computer vision methods applied to UAV imagery. In this work, we review this literature, with a special focus on algorithms, model sizing, dataset characteristics and innovative technical solutions presented in many domain-specific models, providing the reader with an overview of the research trend in recent years.

Published
2024
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2. The geochemical riddle of 'low-salinity gypsum' deposits

Author

Giovanni Aloisi, Laetitia Guibourdenche, Marcello Natalicchio, Antonio Caruso, Laura Haffert, Aida El Kilany, Francesco Dela Pierre, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Biogéochimie-Traceurs-Paléoclimat (BTP), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aloisi G., Guibourdenche L., Natalicchio M., Caruso A., Haffert L., El Kilany A., and Dela Pierre F.

Subjects
Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochemical modeling, Low-salinity gypsum, Settore GEO/01 - Paleontologia E Paleoecologia, Hydration water isotopes (δ, Biogeochemical S cycle, Fluid inclusions, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
Abstract

International audience; Gypsum makes up about one fifth of giant salt deposits formed by evaporation of seawater throughout Earth’s history. Although thermodynamic calculations and precipitation experiments predict that gypsum precipitates when the salinity of evaporating seawater attains about 110 g kg-1, gypsum deposits of the Mediterranean Salt Giant often bear the geochemical signature of precipitation from less saline water masses. Addressing this geochemical riddle is important because marine gypsum deposition and continental gypsum erosion affect the global carbon cycle. We investigated gypsum deposits formed in the marginal basins of the Mediterranean Sea during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (about 6 million years ago). These often bear low-salinity fluid inclusions and isotopically light crystallization water, confirming previous published reports that the Mediterranean Salt Giant harbors low-salinity gypsum deposits. A geochemical model constrained by fluid inclusion salinity and isotope (87Sr/86Sr, d34SSO4, d18OH2O, dDH2O) measurements excludes that Ca2+- and SO42--enriched continental runoff alone provides the trigger for gypsum precipitation at low salinity. We propose that, concurrent with the prevalent evaporative conditions and with Ca2+- and SO42--bearing runoff, the biogeochemical sulfur cycle is capable of producing a spatially-restricted and temporally- transient increase of Ca2+ and SO42- within benthic microbial mats, creating local chemical conditions conductive to gypsum precipitation. This hypothesis is supported by the presence of dense packages of fossils of colorless sulfur bacteria within gypsum in several Mediterranean marginal basins, together with independent geochemical and petrographic evidence for an active biogeochemical sulfur cycle in the same basins. Should this scenario be confirmed, it would expand the range of environments that promote marine gypsum deposition; it would also imply that an additional, biological coupling between the calcium, sulfur and carbon cycles exists.

Published
2022
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3. Assessing the effect of mercury pollution on cultured benthic foraminifera community using morphological and eDNA metabarcoding approaches

Author

Maria Pia Nardelli, Mattia Greco, Emanuela Reo, Claudia Cosentino, Rodolfo Coccioni, Franck Lejzerowicz, Giovanna Scopelliti, Maria Teresa Losada, Fabrizio Frontalini, Letizia Di Bella, Jan Pawlowski, Antonella Maccotta, Eric Armynot du Châtelet, Antonio Caruso, Frontalini, F., Greco, M., Di Bella, L., Lejzerowicz, F., Reo, E., Caruso, A., Cosentino, C., Maccotta, A., Scopelliti, G., Nardelli M., P., Losada M., T., Armynot Du Châtelet, Coccioni, R., and Pawlowski, J.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pollution, mercury pollution, Geologic Sediments, media_common.quotation_subject, benthic foraminifera, Benthic foraminifera, Biomonitoring, Mercury pollution, Metabarcoding, Foraminifera, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Mesocosm, 03 medical and health sciences, Biomonitoring, Mediterranean Sea, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic, Environmental DNA, Seawater, metabarcoding biomonitoring, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, biology, Ecology, Benthic foraminifera, Biodiversity, Mercury, DNA, Protozoan, Mercury pollution, biology.organism_classification, Metabarcoding, 030104 developmental biology, Italy, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Bioaccumulation, Bioindicator, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic element for living organisms and is known to bioaccumulate and biomagnify. Here, we analyze the response of benthic foraminifera communities cultured in mesocosm and exposed to different concentrations of Hg. Standard morphological analyses and environmental DNA metabarcoding show evidence that Hg pollution has detrimental effects on benthic foraminifera. The molecular analysis provides a more complete view of foraminiferal communities including the soft-walled single-chambered monothalamiids and small-sized hard-shelled rotaliids and textulariids than the morphological one. Among these taxa that are typically overlooked in morphological studies we found potential bioindicators of Hg pollution. The mesocosm approach proves to be an effective method to study benthic foraminiferal responses to various types and concentrations of pollutants over time. This study further supports foraminiferal metabarcoding as a complementary and/or alternative method to standard biomonitoring program based on the morphological identification of species communities.

Published
2018

4. Reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental changes around the Miocene-Pliocene boundary along a W-E transect across the Mediterranean

Author

Catherine Pierre, Antonio Caruso, Marie-Madeleine Blanc-Valleron, Jean Marie Rouchy, Fabienne Orzsag-Sperber, Pierre, C, Caruso, A, Blanc Valleron, MM, Rouchy, JM, Orszag Sperber, F, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Geologia e Geodesia, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie et de Géochimie Isotopique (LHGI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Settore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E Sedimentologica, δ18O, Stratigraphy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean area, Planktonic foraminifer, Miocene–Pliocene transition, Paleontology, Stratotype, 14. Life underwater, Sedimentology, Transect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Settore GEO/06 - Mineralogia, δ13C, biology, Geology, Settore GEO/01 - Paleontologia E Paleoecologia, biology.organism_classification, Stable isotope, 6. Clean water, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia, Ammonia tepida, 13. Climate action, Facies
Abstract

In order to reconstruct the environmental changes at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis, a multidisciplinary study has been carried out with a high sampling resolution of the late Messinian–early Zanclean (Zone MPl 1) sediments along a West–East Mediterranean transect. The studied examples comprise sections from southern Spain (Vera/Almanzora), Balearic Basin (ODP Site 975), Tyrrhenian Basin (ODP Site 974), Sicily (Eraclea Minoa), Zakynthos (Kalamaki), Corfu (Aghios Stefanos), Crete (Aghios Vlasis). Previously analyzed sections from the Levantine Basin (Cyprus and ODP Sites 968 and 969) are used for comparison. The sections have been correlated using planktonic foraminiferal assemblages, sedimentological and stable isotope variations, and compared to the astronomical cyclicity defined in the Miocene–Pliocene boundary stratotype of Eraclea Minoa, Sicily. Variations of CaCO3 content, stable isotopes of carbonates (δ18O, δ13C), and foraminiferal assemblages indicate similar environmental transition at the Miocene–Pliocene boundary in all of the investigated sections. The latest Messinian deposits are barren of fossils or characterized by only reworked planktonic foraminifers, except for the sporadic presence of Ammonia tepida, brackish or lacustrine ostracods and brackish mollusks typical of the “Lago–Mare” facies. The oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions of carbonates usually exhibit large variations with dominantly low δ values indicating freshwater dilution. The earliest Pliocene (MPl 1, cycle 1) shows a rapid and progressive increase of the δ18O values, which indicates the restoration of marine conditions after the Lago–Mare event. Normal marine environments were definitely established and stabilized at the top of cycle 1. These data confirm that the inflow of marine waters occurred contemporaneously within the whole Mediterranean at the base of Pliocene, although stable marine conditions occurred only about 20 kyrs later.

Published
2006
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