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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the value of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in predicting ovulation induced by aromatase inhibitors (AI) and pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)., Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, this prospective cohort study enrolled women with PCOS aged between 18 and 45 years who underwent ovulation induction using AI protocol and intrauterine insemination (IUI) for infertility at a Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospital. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate the chance of ovulation responses and pregnancy outcomes., Results: In total, 64% of 65 women with PCOS were recruited following AI treatment, and the clinical pregnancy rate was 19.4% following IUI. Patients who experienced ovulation had a lower mean serum AMH concentration than non-responders (7.11 ng/mL vs. 8.95 ng/mL, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant. Between the pregnancy and non-pregnancy groups, statistically significant differences in AMH concentrations were observed (8.71 ng/mL vs. 6.73 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.040). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic for non-ovulation prediction was 0.445, 95% CI (0.284-0.606) with P = 0.467, and for clinical pregnancy was 0.735, 95% CI (0.561-0.910) with P = 0.104., Conclusions: In women with PCOS, the AMH level does not predict ovarian responsiveness to AI treatment, but it does predict the success of IUI cycles., (Copyright © 2023 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada/La Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the predictive value of cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) in combination with serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and progesterone in the early detection of ectopic pregnancy (EP)., Methods: Between May 2019 and May 2020, the cross-sectional study recruited 42 cases of EP and 42 cases of IUP at the same gestational age who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy. EP was diagnosed based on surgical (laparoscopy) and postoperative pathology examination., Results: There were significant differences of mean level of β-hCG (2570 mUI/mL vs. 18357.7 mUI/mL), progesterone (10.79 ± 8.16 ng/ml vs. 27.42 ± 4.17 ng/ml) and CA-125 (26.90 ± 10.26 U/mL vs. 70.61 ± 20.89 U/mL) between the EP and the IUP groups (p < 0.001). In the prediction of early diagnosis of EP, the cut-off value of CA-125 at 30.94 U/mL has a sensitivity of 89.3% and a specificity of 87,9%; the cut-off value of β hCG at 2750mIU/ml has the sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 78,8%; the cut-off value of progesterone at 10.24 ng/mL has the sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 81.8%. A combination of CA-125, β hCG, and progesterone had a sensitivity of 92.8% and a specificity of 90.9% in early diagnosis of EP., Discussion: Serum CA-125 levels can be used independently or in combination with other markers in the early diagnosis of EP., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Microbes are a critical component of soil ecosystems, performing crucial functions in biogeochemical cycling, carbon sequestration, and plant health. However, it remains uncertain how their community structure, functioning, and resultant nutrient cycling, including net GHG fluxes, would respond to climate change at different scales. Here, we review global and regional climate change effects on soil microbial community structure and functioning, as well as the climate-microbe feedback and plant-microbe interactions. We also synthesize recent studies on climate change impacts on terrestrial nutrient cycles and GHG fluxes across different climate-sensitive ecosystems. It is generally assumed that climate change factors (e.g., elevated CO 2 and temperature) will have varying impacts on the microbial community structure (e.g., fungi-to-bacteria ratio) and their contribution toward nutrient turnover, with potential interactions that may either enhance or mitigate each other's effects. Such climate change responses, however, are difficult to generalize, even within an ecosystem, since they are subjected to not only a strong regional influence of current ambient environmental and edaphic conditions, historical exposure to fluctuations, and time horizon but also to methodological choices (e.g., network construction). Finally, the potential of chemical intrusions and emerging tools, such as genetically engineered plants and microbes, as mitigation strategies against global change impacts, particularly for agroecosystems, is presented. In a rapidly evolving field, this review identifies the knowledge gaps complicating assessments and predictions of microbial climate responses and hindering the development of effective mitigation strategies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

For years, agrochemical fertilizers have been used in agriculture for crop production. However, intensive utilization of chemical fertilizers is not an ecological and environmental choice since they are destroying soil health and causing an emerging threat to agricultural production on a global scale. Under the circumstances of the increasing utilization of chemical fertilizers, cultivating microalgae to produce biofertilizers would be a wise solution since desired environmental targets will be obtained including (1) replacing chemical fertilizer while improving crop yields and soil health; (2) reducing the harvest of non-renewable elements from limited natural resources for chemical fertilizers production, and (3) mitigating negative influences of climate change through CO 2 capture through microalgae cultivation. Recent improvements in microalgae-derived-biofertilizer-applied agriculture will be summarized in this review article. At last, the recent challenges of applying biofertilizers will be discussed as well as the perspective regarding the concept of circular bio-economy and sustainable development goals (SDGs)., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Laminar-flow microfluidic microbial fuel cell (LMMFC) has attracted attention due to the advantage of the liquid-liquid interface between anolyte and catholyte without the use of membrane as a separator resulting in less fabrication cost. Unlike previous studies of LMMFC using syringe pumps, this study proposes the use of osmotic pumps to feed anolyte and catholyte in the microchannel without any additional power supply. The osmotic pump was constructed with two cylindrical chambers separated by a forward osmosis membrane, with the initial draw solution concentration of 90 g l -1 NaCl. We have, for the first time, demonstrated using the osmotic pumps to deliver both anolyte and catholyte and create co-laminar flow in LMMFC. Under the catholyte and anolyte flow rates of 18 ml/h and 40 ml/h respectively, LMMFC cultivated with Shewanella oneidensis produced the maximum power density of 87 mW m -2 and current density of 747 mA m -2 with the internal resistance of 1660 Ω. Further studies are warranted to develop osmotic pumps-fed LMMFC into a potential platform for portable biosensors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The HLH-2004 criteria are used to diagnose hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), yet concern exists for their misapplication, resulting in suboptimal treatment of some patients. We sought to define the genomic spectrum and associated outcomes of a diverse cohort of children who met the HLH-2004 criteria. Genetic testing was performed clinically or through research-based whole-exome sequencing. Clinical metrics were analyzed with respect to genomic results. Of 122 subjects enrolled over the course of 17 years, 101 subjects received genetic testing. Biallelic familial HLH (fHLH) gene defects were identified in only 19 (19%) and correlated with presentation at younger than 1 year of age ( P < .0001). Digenic fHLH variants were observed but lacked statistical support for disease association. In 28 (58%) of 48 subjects, research whole-exome sequencing analyses successfully identified likely molecular explanations, including underlying primary immunodeficiency diseases, dysregulated immune activation and proliferation disorders, and potentially novel genetic conditions. Two-thirds of patients identified by the HLH-2004 criteria had underlying etiologies for HLH, including genetic defects, autoimmunity, and malignancy. Overall survival was 45%, and increased mortality correlated with HLH triggered by infection or malignancy ( P < .05). Differences in survival did not correlate with genetic profile or extent of therapy. HLH should be conceptualized as a phenotype of critical illness characterized by toxic activation of immune cells from different underlying mechanisms. In most patients with HLH, targeted sequencing of fHLH genes remains insufficient for identifying pathogenic mechanisms. Whole-exome sequencing, however, may identify specific therapeutic opportunities and affect hematopoietic stem cell transplantation options for these patients.