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Background: This study provides an example for evaluating learning curve when introducing a new knee system., Methods: Thirty-five investigators across 22 sites prospectively implanted 843 subjects with currently available products (group A). Seventy-seven investigators across 48 sites prospectively implanted 2330 subjects with the ATTUNE Knee System; in which the first 10 subjects for each surgeon were the learning curve cases (group B, N = 611), and the later subjects were designated as group C (N = 1719). Surgical time, rates of intraoperative and early postoperative complications, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at a minimum of 1 year were compared., Results: Mean (standard deviation) surgical time was 72.0 (21.6) minutes for group A, 83.0 (24.2) for group B, and 72.1 (24.1) for group C ( P < .001 for group B vs group C; P  = .955 for group C vs group A). Intraoperative, early (<90 day) complication rates, and PROMs were similar for all groups., Conclusions: The new knee system learning curve was characterized by a slightly longer surgical time with no negative impact on complications or PROMs., Level of Evidence: III.

Background: Quantitative assessment of postsurgical knee motion provides sensitive measurements, but results are technical and may not be meaningful to patients. Although several knee-specific instruments exist, no patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure correlates function with improved stability, motion, satisfaction, and confidence., Objective: To address both the above limitations by developing a PRO measure to assess the phenomenon of a "normal" knee after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA)., Methods: A draft conceptual model linking the impact of clinical mechanics to hypothesized functional outcomes was generated after a literature review of available assessment tools. Participants aged 18 to 80 years having undergone TKA within the past 10 to 18 months were identified and screened by clinical sites to participate in phase 1 focus groups or phase 2 in-depth interviews. Participants were asked to describe their TKA experiences, including how their knee feels now, followed by cognitive debriefing of Patient's Knee Implant Performance (PKIP) draft items., Results: Phase 1 results indicated that concepts of confidence, stability, and satisfaction in patients' replacement knee when performing certain activities were distinct and important in the patients' assessment of their TKA. Phase 2 efforts yielded a final version of the PKIP measure containing nine items assessing the broader concepts of stability, confidence, and satisfaction in association with activities. Presurgical and postsurgical versions of the measure were created., Conclusions: Results of this qualitative study support use of the PKIP as a complementary PRO measure to assess performance after primary TKA. Psychometric evaluation of the PKIP is planned., (Copyright © 2014 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine if health literacy is associated with knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC screening tests, with perceived benefits and barriers to CRC screening, with perceived risk of CRC, with reported self-efficacy for completing CRC screening and with receipt of CRC tests., Methods: A convenience sample of 99 subjects completed a health literacy assessment, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) and a structured interview., Results: Limited or inadequate health literacy was significantly associated with less knowledge about CRC and CRC screening and with more reported barriers to completing fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and colonoscopy in multivariate analysis. Health literacy was not associated with perceived benefits or reported self-efficacy for completing FOBT or colonoscopy, with perceived risk of developing CRC or with completing CRC tests. However, our small sample size limited our power to detect differences., Conclusions: Patients with limited health literacy have less knowledge about CRC and CRC screening and report more barriers to completing FOBT and colonoscopy. Interventions to improve CRC screening should consider the health literacy of patients, especially when addressing barriers to screening. Future studies are needed to better define the role of health literacy in CRC screening.