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Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgical diseases, and surgical residents perform inguinal hernia repairs during pediatric surgery rotation. The aims of this study were to examine the clinical outcomes of pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy performed by surgical residents and to assess the suitability for surgical training., Methods: We extracted data on elective unilateral inguinal hernia repairs performed in children between 2014 and 2018. All eligible cases were divided into surgical resident and attending surgeon groups according to the operator. We reviewed medical records retrospectively and compared some clinical indicators between the 2 groups., Results: Of 294 eligible cases, 163 were performed by 37 surgical residents and 131 were performed by 4 attending surgeons. The median operative times in the resident and attending surgeon groups were 30 and 19 min, respectively. Operative time was statistically longer in the resident group (p < 0.001). The complication and recurrence rates in the resident and attending surgeon groups were 11.0% and 11.5%, and 0% and 0.8%, respectively (p = 1.000 and p = 0.466)., Conclusion: Inguinal hernia repairs could be properly performed by surgical trainees with the assistance of attending surgeons. Hernia operation might provide good opportunities for surgical residents to practice basic surgical skills., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.)

Objective: To determine whether it is possible to increase patients' knowledge and certainty about care-related issues, to reach a more empowering learning experience and to exercise a more positive impact on selected clinical outcomes by means of additional preadmission education (education using the concept map method added to standard preadmission education) than by means of standard preadmission education (written educational material with non-systematic oral education)., Methods: Elective hip arthroplasty patients were randomized into group A (n=62), who received preadmission education using the concept map method with written educational material; and group B (n=61), who received the written educational material and non-systematic oral education. Data were collected from both groups 4 weeks prior to hospital admission, at admission and at discharge using questionnaires., Results: In the first post-test at admission, group A had significantly better knowledge and certainty of care-related issues than group B. Group A also reported a significantly more positive learning experience than patients in group B. In the second post-test at discharge, patients in group A still had better knowledge and certainty of care-related issues than patients in group B., Conclusion: Preadmission education using the concept map method and written educational material seems to yield better learning results than the use of written educational material with non-systematic oral education., Practice Implications: Empowering preadmission education using the concept map method is beneficial for patients.

Objectives: To measure actual and instructed preoperative fasting durations in women undergoing scheduled cesarean birth, to compare these times with national guidelines for healthy patients undergoing elective procedures, and to describe discomforts associated with preoperative fasting., Design: One group, nonexperimental, comparative, descriptive., Setting: Nonprofit private medical center in Texas with 6,000 births/year., Patients: Convenience sample of 51 hospitalized postpartum women., Interventions: Participants were interviewed an average of 44 hours after their cesarean birth, and their medical records were reviewed for fasting information., Main Outcome Measures: Duration of actual and instructed fasting, comparison with national guidelines, and ratings of thirst and hunger., Results: The participants fasted from liquids and solids an average of 11 and 13 hours, respectively. Both actual and instructed fasting durations were significantly longer than national guidelines. Most participants (70%) were instructed to be nulla per os after midnight whether they were to have a.m. or p.m. surgery. Thirst and hunger scores averaged 5 and 4, respectively, on a 0-10 scale., Conclusion: Patients having scheduled cesarean birth fast for unnecessarily long periods. Nurses should be knowledgeable about evidence-based preoperative fasting practices and collaborate with physicians to implement them.