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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of maxillary molar distalization on maxillary sinus mucosa thickness and sinus volume in 3-dimensions., Methods: The study was conducted with 46 patients: 73.9% (n = 34) females and 26.1% (n = 12) males. The patients had a mean age of 27.89 ± 6.62 years, ranging from 18 to 45 years. The study included patients who were admitted to the Faculty of Dentistry at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University between 2010 and 2021 and underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after orthodontic treatment for various reasons. The CBCT scans of patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group underwent orthodontic treatment and maxillary molar distalization with Class II elastic, whereas the second group consisted of patients who did not get orthodontic treatment (control). In CBCTs, sinus mucosa thickness was measured on the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior, and inferior walls of the maxillary right and left sinuses. Three-dimensional volume calculations were made using CBCT images taken before and after the treatment of both orthodontic treatment patients and control patients. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05., Results: The orthodontic treatment group had a mean distalization of 2.86 ± 0.27 mm. The mean distalization time was 8.01 ± 0.64 months. When the differences between the pretreatment and posttreatment CBCT scans were examined in terms of sinus mucosa thickness in the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, and superior walls of the right and left sinuses, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment and control groups (P >0.05). The change in sinus mucosa thickness in the right and left sinus inferior wall from T1 to T2 was significantly higher in the control group than treatment group (P <0.05). In addition, the increase in maxillary sinus volume was statistically significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0.05)., Conclusions: We observed that maxillary molar distalization caused an increase in maxillary sinus volume. The change in sinus mucosa thickness in the right and left sinus inferior wall was lower in the maxillary molar distalization group., (Copyright © 2023 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

According to the common opinion in the literature, the sustainability of container ports is a tremendously complex topic owing to the maritime sector's excessively dynamic form and many highly complex, predictable and unpredictable uncertainties in this industry. The current paper proposes two powerful, practical, inspiring approaches to fill these gaps. It proposes a novel type-2 neutrosophic fuzzy numbers (T2NFNs) based Delphi method to determine the criteria logically and optimal and extends the WASPAS technique based on the T2NFNs for evaluating the alternatives. The current paper presents practical managerial implications that many stakeholders can consider, such as port authorities, ship owners, logistics service providers, governments, and local authorities, when making strategic and managerial decisions. In addition, the results of a comprehensive sensitivity analysis performed to test the robustness and applicability of the model approve the validity of the proposed T2NFN-based integrated approach., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors affirm that they have no known financial or interpersonal conflicts that would have appeared to have an impact on the research presented in this study., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Red blood cells (RBCs) play an important role in the cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Cardiovascular risk factors impair the RBC function in an endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dependent manner. However, it is unclear whether the protective role of RBCs can be rescued by modifying cardiovascular risk factors or by pharmacologic intervention. RBCs obtained from elderly patients with or without diabetes as well as from young volunteers were treated with vehicle, eNOS inhibitor l-NAME and/or arginase inhibitor nor-NOHA before loading to the coronary system of isolated murine hearts in a Langendorff system before 40 min of global ischemia. RBCs from young and healthy volunteers as well as from aged persons and elderly diabetes patients with satisfying blood glucose control improved left ventricular function upon 60 min of reperfusion with Krebs-Henseleit buffer and reduced the infarct size compared to buffer treated controls. This cardioprotective effect was abolished in RBCs from aged diabetes patients with poor blood glucose control. Treatment of RBCs from elderly diabetes patients with nor-NOHA partly rescued the cardioprotective function. Thus, effective glucose control in aged diabetes patients rescues RBC-dependent cardioprotection in an ex-vivo model of myocardial I/R injury., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)