1. Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care.
- Author
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Ivanovski I, Djuric O, Caraffi SG, Santodirocco D, Pollazzon M, Rosato S, Cordelli DM, Abdalla E, Accorsi P, Adam MP, Ajmone PF, Badura-Stronka M, Baldo C, Baldi M, Bayat A, Bigoni S, Bonvicini F, Breckpot J, Callewaert B, Cocchi G, Cuturilo G, De Brasi D, Devriendt K, Dinulos MB, Hjortshøj TD, Epifanio R, Faravelli F, Fiumara A, Formisano D, Giordano L, Grasso M, Grønborg S, Iodice A, Iughetti L, Kuburovic V, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak A, Lacombe D, Lo Rizzo C, Luchetti A, Malbora B, Mammi I, Mari F, Montorsi G, Moutton S, Møller RS, Muschke P, Nielsen JEK, Obersztyn E, Pantaleoni C, Pellicciari A, Pisanti MA, Prpic I, Poch-Olive ML, Raviglione F, Renieri A, Ricci E, Rivieri F, Santen GW, Savasta S, Scarano G, Schanze I, Selicorni A, Silengo M, Smigiel R, Spaccini L, Sorge G, Szczaluba K, Tarani L, Tone LG, Toutain A, Trimouille A, Valera ET, Vergano SS, Zanotta N, Zenker M, Conidi A, Zollino M, Rauch A, Zweier C, and Garavelli L
- Subjects
- Abnormalities, Multiple genetics, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Facies, Female, Genetic Association Studies methods, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Male, Mutation, Phenotype, Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2 genetics, Hirschsprung Disease diagnosis, Hirschsprung Disease genetics, Intellectual Disability diagnosis, Intellectual Disability genetics, Microcephaly diagnosis, Microcephaly genetics
- Abstract
Purpose: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare intellectual disability/multiple congenital anomalies syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation of the ZEB2 gene. It is generally underestimated because its rarity and phenotypic variability sometimes make it difficult to recognize. Here, we aimed to better delineate the phenotype, natural history, and genotype-phenotype correlations of MWS., Methods: In a collaborative study, we analyzed clinical data for 87 patients with molecularly confirmed diagnosis. We described the prevalence of all clinical aspects, including attainment of neurodevelopmental milestones, and compared the data with the various types of underlying ZEB2 pathogenic variations., Results: All anthropometric, somatic, and behavioral features reported here outline a variable but highly consistent phenotype. By presenting the most comprehensive evaluation of MWS to date, we define its clinical evolution occurring with age and derive suggestions for patient management. Furthermore, we observe that its severity correlates with the kind of ZEB2 variation involved, ranging from ZEB2 locus deletions, associated with severe phenotypes, to rare nonmissense intragenic mutations predicted to preserve some ZEB2 protein functionality, accompanying milder clinical presentations., Conclusion: Knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of MWS and its correlation with the genotype will improve its detection rate and the prediction of its features, thus improving patient care.
- Published
- 2018
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