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Objectives: To determine the prognostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI findings of liver metastasis from breast cancer., Methods: 29 metastatic lesions from 12 breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated hepatobiliary phase of the lesions and classified them as a "target" or "non-target" appearance. The relationship of appearance or SI ratio with tumor response was analyzed., Results: A non-target appearance was more frequent in disease control group than in non-control group [14/18 (77.8%) vs. 4/18 (22.2%)], and it was associated with a better response [p=0.048]., Conclusion: HBP analysis may be useful to predict the response to chemotherapy and survival., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The purpose of this work was to evaluate cases of benign ovarian mature teratoma (MT) with enhancing solid components on pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to correlate the MRI findings with the pathology reports. We retrospectively reviewed MRI findings and pathologic reports of 126 patients with pathologically confirmed ovarian MT. Enhancing solid components were observed in 24 (18.8%) of 128 benign MTs. The largest diameter ranged from 5.9 to 42.2 mm. The appearance was variable. Of 24 tumors, 19 (79.2%) had regular borders. On pathologic analysis, solid components of benign MTs were identified as glial tissue, thyroid tissue, fibrous stroma, or vessels., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To compare diagnostic accuracy of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (original set) and original MRI combined with the arterial phase of low-tube-voltage computed tomography (CT) (hybrid set)., Methods: In hybrid set, we substituted the CT arterial phase for MRI arterial phase. Three observers independently interpreted. The accuracy of each image set was evaluated using the alternative-free response receiver operating characteristic method., Results: The mean Az values for original set (0.96±0.01) was higher than that for hybrid set (0.94±0.01), but the difference was not significant (P=.10)., Conclusions: In cases with degradation of magnetic resonance arterial phase, reuse of CT arterial phase might be helpful instead of repeating MRI., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine significant imaging features to differentiate between infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and confluent fibrosis (CF) in liver cirrhosis using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced 3-T magnetic resonance imaging., Material and Methods: Nineteen infiltrative HCCs and eight CFs were included. We evaluated the difference in imaging findings and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) between the two entities. We compared T2-weighted image (WI) and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) in terms of the clarity of the lesion outer margin., Results: Seventeen infiltrative HCCs showed lobulated margin, while focal CFs showed either straight (n=3) or irregular margins (n=5) (P=.001). All infiltrative HCCs had intact or bulging contours, and all focal CFs showed capsular retraction (P=.001). Fourteen infiltrative HCCs and two focal CFs showed arterial enhancement (P=.035). The ADC of infiltrative HCCs was significantly lower than that of CFs (P=.001). Satellite nodules were noted in 10 infiltrative HCCs. In terms of outer margin clarity, infiltrative HCCs showed a more distinct margin on HBP than on T2-WI (P=.005), while these two sequences were not significantly different in focal CFs (P=1.000)., Conclusion: HBP improved the imaging characteristics of infiltrative HCC, allowing it to be distinguished from focal CF. Infiltrative HCC showed lower ADC values than focal CF. Lobular configuration, contour bulging, enhancement pattern, associated satellite nodules and portal vein thrombosis were still found to be highly suggestive MR findings for infiltrative HCC., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purpose was to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of breast cancer liver metastasis using gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) with an emphasis on the added value of the hepatobiliary phase (HBP)., Material and Methods: Nine patients with 13 liver metastases were included in the study after the medical records of 29 breast cancer patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI between February 2008 and June 2010 were reviewed. The diagnoses of liver metastasis were established by percutaneous liver biopsy or surgery and on the basis of image findings. Two radiologists retrospectively evaluated signal intensity (SI) and sizes of metastases and patterns of enhancement in an HBP. The SI ratio was calculated as the SI of the central hyperintense portion in "target" lesions divided by the SI of nearby normal liver parenchyma on the HBP. We also measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values from Diffusion Weighted Image (DWI)., Results: Liver metastases were all hypointense [n=13/13 (100%)] on T1-weighted imaging (WI), and many lesions had a "target" appearance with a central high SI and a peripheral low SI rim (47%) on T2WI. Dynamic study showed rim enhancement on the arterial phase (85%) and a "target" appearance, consisting of a central enhancing portion with peripheral washout or hypointense rim, on the HBP (62%). The mean SI ratio was 0.7. The mean ADC value of "target" appearing metastases was 1.25 (×10(-3) mm(2)/s; range 1.3-1.6) compared with a mean value of 0.8 (×10(-3) mm(2)/s; range 0.8-1.4) in homogeneous defect on the HBP. There was statistically significant difference (P<.05)., Conclusion: Breast cancer liver metastases commonly demonstrated as a peripheral ring enhancement on arterial dominant phase and a target sign with a central round enhancing portion and a peripheral hypointense rim on the HBP., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To describe the paradoxical high signal intensity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the hepatobiliary phase on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)., Materials and Methods: A database search was performed to identify cases of HCC that showed unusual prolonged enhancement in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI. All patients received 3.0-T liver MRI including precontrast T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images and a post Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced dynamic study. The signal intensity of HCC was measured at pre-enhanced, arterial, portal, delayed and hepatobiliary phase using regions of interest. Radiologic and pathologic correlation was performed for the paradoxically prolonged enhancing portion of HCC in the hepatobiliary phase., Results: Four patients (all male, age range 44-70; mean 57.5 years) were included in this study. All patients showed HCC lesions that were low signal intensity (SI) on T1-WI, high SI on T2-WI, enhanced in arterial phase, and washed-out in delayed phase. All cases showed paradoxically high SI in hepatobiliary phase, which was unusual for HCC. Pathologically, they were all diagnosed as well-differentiated HCC with prominent cytoplasm and a bile secreting appearance., Conclusion: HCC may demonstrate the prolonged high signal intensity at the hepatobiliary phase on Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI. These HCCs tended to be highly differentiated and to have prominent bile secretion., (Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To evaluate multidetector CT features of right intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (IPSVS)., Materials and Methods: Pathways of right IPSVS were evaluated from 20 patients. Diameters of right portal veins were measured in IPSVS patients, 30 cirrhotic and 30 healthy patients., Result: Among 22 IPSVSs, shunt between posterior branch and inferior phrenic vein was most common. Diameters of the posterior branch were larger in IPSVS patients than in other groups., Conclusion: Most right IPSVSs drain to inferior phrenic vein through dilated posterior branch., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe magnetic resonance (MR) findings of focal eosinophilic liver disease using gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)., Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients (M:F=14:5; age range, 26-66 years; mean age, 50 years) with 35 focal eosinophilic liver lesions were included after reviewing the medical records of 482 patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging (MRI) on a 3.0-T unit between April 2008 and June 2009. The diagnosis of focal eosinophilic liver disease was established by means of percutaneous liver biopsy or surgery and consistent clinical findings. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed MR images with consensus. Margin, shape and distribution of the lesions were analyzed. We also evaluated signal intensity of focal hepatic lesions on T(1)- and T(2)-weighted images and patterns of enhancement in dynamic contrast study., Results: The mean diameter of the lesions was 1.7 cm (range, 0.7-6.1 cm). Most of the focal eosinophilic liver lesions [n=31/35 (88.6%)] had poorly defined margins. They were usually isointense or slightly hypointense [n=34/35 (97.2%)] on T(1)-weighted images and hyperintense [n=32/35 (91.4%)] on T(2)-weighted images. Dynamic study showed enhancement (rim or homogeneous) on the arterial phase [n=21/35 (60%)] and hypointensity on the late venous phase [n=31/35 (88.6%)]. All the lesions were hypointense on the hepatobiliary phase images., Conclusion: Focal eosinophilic liver lesions tend to be hyperintense on the arterial phase and hypointense on the late venous phase during dynamic study of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. Although these findings mimic other focal hepatic lesions, poorly defined margins of the lesions and peripheral eosinophilia might help distinguish focal eosinophilic liver disease from other hepatic lesions., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)