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As we move into the age of the Anthropocene and urbanization continues at an unprecedented rate, questions about city life and its impact on our well-being are posed with renewed vigor. What happens to people who live in cities? This chapter will address several prominent areas of urban research on the experience of living in cities as related to well-being. It begins with a brief consideration of the nature of cities and urban life more broadly, and then goes on to examine specific aspects of urban design, such as density, housing form, and the public realm, as well as the psychosocial phenomena that unfold within that physical frame, particularly, social ties and social capital. While there is no universal conclusion that can be drawn about city life, the chapter will highlight trends from the research and consider current and future directions for studying 21st century cities.