1. Multilocus sequence typing analysis reveals that Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans is a recombinant population
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Ashok Varma, Kathrin Tintelnot, Patricia Escandón, Tomoe Ichikawa, Aristea Velegraki, Volker Rickerts, Alberto Zani, Reiko Ikeda, Ilka McCormick, Anne-Lise Bienvenu, Sevim Akcaglar, Massimo Cogliati, Anna Maria Tortorano, Okan Töre, Marie Desnos-Ollivier, Shawn R. Lockhart, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı., Töre, Okan, Akçağlar, Sevim, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Centre National de Référence des Mycoses invasives et antifongiques - Mycologie moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Instituto Nacional de Salud [Bogota], Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lyon, Uludağ Üniversitesi = Uludag University, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), We thank Prof. F. Dromer and Prof. J. Kwon-Chung for providing some of the isolates and for her suggestions to improve this study, and Dr. T. Boekhout and Dr. B. Theelen for sequencing support., Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,C neoformans var grubii ,Serotypes ,Denmark ,Cryptococcus Gattii ,Flucytosine ,Cryptococcus Neoformans ,Cryptococcus ,Molecular typing ,Population structure ,Turkey (republic) ,law.invention ,MESH: Genotype ,Species complex ,Belgium ,Japan ,law ,Germany ,Genotype ,MESH: Genetic Variation ,[SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology ,Phylogeny ,Priority journal ,education.field_of_study ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology ,Greece ,MESH: Asia ,Genetics & heredity ,C. neoformans var. neoformans ,Correlation analysis ,MESH: Cryptococcus neoformans ,Gene linkage disequilibrium ,Cryptococcosis ,Thailand ,Classification ,3. Good health ,Europe ,Phylogeography ,MESH: Multilocus Sequence Typing ,Italy ,MESH: Phylogeography ,Molecular epidemiology ,Recombinant DNA ,MESH: Recombination, Genetic ,Microbiological examination ,France ,MLST ,Asia ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,C neoformans var neoformans ,Multilocus sequence typing ,MESH: Cryptococcosis ,Mycology ,Recombination, genetic ,Colombia ,Microbiology ,Mating-type ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,C. neoformans var. grubii ,C neoformans var. grubii ,MESH: Mycological Typing Techniques ,Genetics ,MESH: Americas ,Cutaneous cryptococcosis ,Genetic variation ,Western hemisphere ,education ,Cryptococcus neoformans ,Genetic recombination ,Mycological typing techniques ,biology.organism_classification ,Nonhuman ,Recombination ,United States ,Gattii ,030104 developmental biology ,Isolation and purification ,Geographic origin ,Fungus isolation ,Genetic variability ,MESH: Europe ,Americas ,Varietas - Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotype D) represents about 30% of the clinical isolates in Europe and is present less frequently in the other continents. It is the prevalent etiological agent in primary cutaneous cryptococcosis as well as in cryptococcal skin lesions of disseminated cryptococcosis. Very little is known about the genotypic diversity of this Cryptococcus subtype. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotypic diversity among a set of clinical and environmental C. neoformans var. neoformans isolates and to evaluate the relationship between genotypes, geographical origin and clinical manifestations. A total of 83 globally collected C neoformans var. neoformans isolates from Italy, Germany, France, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Turkey, Thailand, Japan, Colombia, and the USA, recovered from different sources (primary and secondary cutaneous cryptococcosis, disseminated cryptococcosis, the environment, and animals), were included in the study. All isolates were confirmed to belong to genotype VNIV by molecular typing and they were further investigated by MLST analysis. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic as well as network analysis strongly suggested the existence of a recombinant rather than a clonal population structure. Geographical origin and source of isolation were not correlated with a specific MLST genotype. The comparison with a set of outgroup C neoformans var. grubii isolates provided clear evidence that the two varieties have different population structures. United States Department of Health & Human Services - Z99 AI999999 - P41 RR001646 National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- Published
- 2016
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