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This chapter presents the improvements to a camera calibration method, including a compact calibration object, and possibility to perform the calibration with only one captured image. Currently available calibration methods are described shortly, and a new type of calibration object which is suitable for use in, e.g. small parts assembly cells, is presented along with a method of searching the calibration points. The purpose of the camera calibration is to define the accurate camera model, which also takes into account the distortions in the image. The advantage of the new calibration method is that it is fully automatic, while previously several manual steps were needed, and several pictures of test images had to be taken. The tests of the method show that significant improvement of the accuracy was achieved for cameras that use short focal length lenses. In several tests the method was found to give reliable results when the novel calibration object was used. A few successful tests were also performed for determining the position and orientation of the camera with the same method.