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1. Interference of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor treatments on soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 levels in rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Nicole Yang, Jie Huang, Michelle Frits, Christine Iannaccone, Michael E. Weinblatt, Nader Rifai, Nancy Shadick, Gary Bradwin, and Katherine P. Liao

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Objective: Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor II (sTNFR2) is used as a biomarker to study cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diverse populations. TNF inhibitors (TNFi's) are a common treatment for inflammatory conditions. The objective of this study was to examine whether TNFi use impacts measured sTNFR2 levels. Methods: We studied blood samples from a cohort of RA patients with clinical data and high sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measurements. To assess for interference, we tested the entire cohort for the expected positive correlation between sTNFR2 and TNFi using Pearson correlations. We then performed Pearson correlations between sTNFR2 and TNFi and sequentially removed subjects on adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab; if interference was occurring, no correlation would be observed between hsCRP and sTNFR2, and correlation would be restored by removing subjects on the treatment causing the interference. Results: We studied 190 subjects, 84.2% female, 73.4% anti-CCP positive. All subjects with sTNFR2 level exceeding measurable level were on etanercept. The expected positive correlation between hsCRP and sTNFR2 was not observed when assessing the entire cohort, r = 0.05, p = 0.51. However, the expected correlation was restored only after excluding subjects on etanercept, r = 0.46, p

Published
2019
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2. Pathogenesis of chronic chikungunya arthritis: resemblances and links with rheumatoid arthritis

Author

J. Kennedy Amaral, Clifton O. Bingham, Peter C. Taylor, Luis M. Vilá, Michael E. Weinblatt, and Robert T. Schoen

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection results from transmission by the mosquito vector. Following an incubation period of 5-7 days, patients develop an acute febrile illness, chikungunya fever (CHIKF), characterized by high fevers, maculopapular rash, headaches, polyarthritis/arthralgias, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Joint pain is often severe, and most often involves the hands, the wrists, the ankles, and the metatarsal-phalangeal joints of the feet. Many patients recover within several weeks, but up to 50% develop chronic joint pain and swelling for more than 12 weeks, then we refer to these symptoms as chronic chikungunya arthritis (CCA). The pathogenesis of CCA is not well understood. In this article, we suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may play an important role in this pathogenesis. This heterogeneous group of multipotent cells, morphologically similar to fibroblasts, may undergo epigenetic changes capable of generating aberrant progenies. However, we believe that there is no need for a latent infection. In our pathogenic hypothesis, CHIKV infection of MSCs would cause epigenetic changes both in MSCs themselves and in their progenies, without the need for reactivation of dormant viruses.

Published
2023
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3. Rheumatoid Nodule Formation in the Kidney: A Diagnosis of Exclusion and a Rare Manifestation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Involving the Kidney

Author

Helmut G. Rennke, Michael E. Weinblatt, and Miroslav Sekulic

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Kidney, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, 030232 urology & nephrology, Rheumatoid nodule, Polyarticular Arthritis, Connective tissue, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Nephrectomy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, AA amyloidosis, Nephrology, Glomerulopathy, Rheumatoid arthritis, Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Nephrology Round
Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by an inflammatory polyarticular arthritis as well as extra-articular manifestations. Although renal involvement of the kidney by RA most often is expressed as an immune complex–mediated glomerulopathy or AA amyloidosis, rheumatoid nodule formation has been rarely described.1 A rheumatoid nodule is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, and can be found most commonly subcutaneously in patients with RA over sites prone to pressure or repetitive irritation, but also have been described to involve the deeper connective tissue, lungs, heart, and other tissue sites.2 As the etiology of a necrotizing granuloma can be of an infectious process, this possibility must be excluded particularly for patients with RA. We present a case in which a patient with longstanding RA is found by radiologic imaging to have a kidney mass. Histopathologic review of the subsequent partial nephrectomy revealed a necrotizing granuloma and an immune complex–mediated glomerulopathy predominately with a membranous pattern of injury. After histopathologic, molecular, further laboratory, and clinical evaluation, it was felt that the necrotizing granuloma was not of an infectious etiology and represented a rheumatoid nodule.

Published
2019

4. Rheumatology E-Book

Author

Marc C. Hochberg, Josef S. Smolen, Michael E. Weinblatt, Michael H. Weisman, Ellen M Gravallese, Desiree van der Heijde, Marc C. Hochberg, Josef S. Smolen, Michael E. Weinblatt, Michael H. Weisman, Ellen M Gravallese, and Desiree van der Heijde

Subjects
Antirheumatic agents, Rheumatism, Rheumatology, Rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract

Covering both the scientific basis of rheumatology and practical, clinical information for rheumatologists and trainees, Rheumatology, 8th Edition, remains a leading text in this fast-changing field. Dr. Marc Hochberg and his team of worldwide editors and authors keep you abreast of recent advances in the field— all in a user-friendly, accessible manner. Fully updated from cover to cover, this two-volume text is designed to meet the needs of all practicing and academic rheumatologists as well as arthritis-related health care professionals and scientists interested in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. - Covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, therapeutic approach, and management of all major as well as rarely encountered rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. - Discusses clinical examination, imaging principles, differential diagnosis, established and novel therapies, perioperative evaluation, pain management, basic science, and genetics of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. - Uses a consistent, logical, reader-friendly format with templated chapters, concise text, and large-scale, state-of-the-art illustrations for efficient visual reference. - Contains new chapters covering pre-clinical disease and how to address these patients, common comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis; emerging therapies for systemic sclerosis; immune mediated complications of checkpoint inhibitors; the epidemiology of COVID-19 and rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, emerging treatments for osteoarthritis, and big data analytics. - Provides updates to key topics such as systems biology and its impact on our understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, the microbiome in rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases, how to manage chronic pain in the patient with a rheumatic disease, drugs and reproductive health, and emerging therapies for patients with RA, SLE, spondyloarthritis, inflammatory muscle disease, and vasculitis. - Shares the knowledge and expertise of numerous new contributing authors, as well as new co-editor Dr. Désirée van der Heijde, who is an expert in psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthritis, imaging, and clinical epidemiology. - Provides access to concise videos depicting the use of ultrasound for diagnosis and treatment. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. If you encounter issues with your eBook please contact Elsevier eBook+ support via textbookscom.support@elsevier.com.

Published
2023

5. Contributors

Author

Engy Abdellatif, Aryeh M. Abeles, Abby G. Abelson, Abhishek Abhishek, Steven B. Abramson, Jonathan D. Adachi, Michael A. Adams, Thomas Aigner, Shizuo Akira, Daniel Aletaha, Antonios O. Aliprantis, Adriana Almeida de Jesus, Roy D. Altman, Mary-Carmen Amigo, Martin Aringer, Dana P. Ascherman, Shervin Assassi, Sergei P. Atamas, Pedro Ming Azevedo, Alan N. Baer, Dominique Baeten, Colin Baines, Nancy A. Baker, Emese Balogh, Alejandro Balsa, Xenofon Baraliakos, Thomas Bardin, Les Barnsley, Joan M. Bathon, Angela Bauch, Jill J.F. Belch, Nicholas Bellamy, Teresita Bellido, Michael Benjamin, Michael W. Beresford, Brian Berman, Bonnie Lee Bermas, George Bertsias, John P. Bilezikian, Yelda Bilginer, Julius Birnbaum, Felicity L. Bishop, Jane F. Bleasel, Markus Böhm, Marcy B. Bolster, Stefano Bombardieri, Michael Bonelli, Sydney L. Bonnick, Dimitrios T. Boumpas, Aline Bozec, Richard D. Brasington, Juergen Braun, Matthew A. Brown, Ian N. Bruce, William D. Bugbee, Marwan A.S. Bukhari, Rubén Burgos-Vargas, Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester, Jane C. Burns, David B. Burr, Frank Buttgereit, Vivian P. Bykerk, Leonard H. Calabrese, Jeffrey P. Callen, Sabrina Cavallo, Tim E. Cawston, Vinod Chandran, Michael Denis Chard, Prateek Chaudhary, Lan X. Chen, Hyon K. Choi, Ernest H. Choy, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Alvina D. Chu, Daniel J. Clauw, Philip J. Clements, Megan E.B. Clowse, J. Gerry Coghlan, Philip G. Conaghan, Cyrus Cooper, Karen H. Costenbader, Paul Creamer, José C. Crispín, Bruce N. Cronstein, Raymond Cross, Natalie E. Cusano, Maurizio Cutolo, Chris D'Adamo, Vivette D'Agati, David P. D'Cruz, Hanne Dagfinrud, David I. Daikh, Nicola Dalbeth, Seamus E. Dalton, Shouvik Dass, Aileen M. Davis, Karel De Ceulaer, Chad L. Deal, Kevin D. Deane, Alessandra Della Rossa, Paul F. Dellaripa, Elaine Dennison, Christopher P. Denton, Paul Dieppe, Michael Doherty, Patricia Dolan, Rachelle Donn, Olga Dvorkina, George S.M. Dyer, Richard Eastell, N. Lawrence Edwards, Paul Emery, Gurhan Erturan, Luis R. Espinoza, Steve Eyre, Antonios C. Fanouriakis, Joshua Farber, Shawn Farrokhi, Anders Fasth, Eugen Feist, Debbie Feldman, David T. Felson, John D. Fisk, G. Kelley Fitzgerald, Raymond H. Flores, David A. Fox, Clair A. Francomano, Jennifer Frangos, Anthony J. Freemont, Kevin B. Fricka, Daniel E. Furst, Cem Gabay, Massimo Gadina, J.S. Hill Gaston, Steffen Gay, Lianne S. Gensler, Laura Geraldino-Pardilla, Danielle M. Gerlag, Ellen M. Ginzler, Alison M. Gizinski, Dafna D. Gladman, Garry E. Gold, Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky, Sarah Goldingay, Sharon M. Gordon, Rachel Gorodkin, Jörg J. Goronzy, Simon Görtz, Rodney Grahame, Andrew J. Grainger, Ellen M. Gravallese, Jeffrey D. Greenberg, Bansari Gujar, Matilda Hagan, Karlene Hagley, Alan J. Hakim, John C. Hall, Vedat Hamuryudan, John G. Hanly, Eric P. Hanson, Boulos Haraoui, John B. Harley, Philip J. Hashkes, Gillian A. Hawker, Philip N. Hawkins, Turid Heiberg, Dick Heinegård, Simon M. Helfgott, Pauline Y.P. Ho, Marc C. Hochberg, Jacqueline Hochman, Chelsea J. Hodgkiss-Harlow, Robert W. Hoffman, Markus Hoffmann, V. Michael Holers, Michael F. Holick, Christopher Holroyd, Osvaldo Hübscher, David J. Hunter, M. Elaine Husni, Robert D. Inman, Zacharia Isaac, Maura D. Iversen, Douglas A. Jabs, William Jackson, Sarada Jaimungal, Judith A. James, Rose-Marie Javier, Alyssa K. Johnsen, Joanne M. Jordan, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Cees G.M. Kallenberg, David Kane, Mohit Kapoor, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Dimitrios G. Kassimos, Daniel L. Kastner, Jeffrey N. Katz, Jonathan Kay, Jennifer A. Kelly, Edward Keystone, Munther A. Khamashta, Dinesh Khanna, Ingvild Kjeken, Alisa E. Koch, Matthew F. Koff, Leah Kottyan, Loukia A. Koutsogeorgopoulou, Virginia Byers Kraus, Pradeep Kumar, Tore K. Kvien, Robert Lafyatis, Robert B.M. Landewé, Carol A. Langford, Arthur N. Lau, Ronald M. Laxer, Thomas J. Learch, George Lewith, Yi Li, Katherine P. Liao, Geoffrey Littlejohn, Pilar Lorenzo, Thomas A. Luger, Ingrid E. Lundberg, Karin Lundberg, Klaus P. Machold, C. Ronald MacKenzie, Alfred D. Mahr, Eric Manheimer, Joan C. Marini, Javier Marquez, Debbie Marsden, Johanne Martel-Pelletier, Emilio Martín-Mola, Manuel Martínez-Lavín, Elena M. Massarotti, Eric L. Matteson, Stephen J. Matzat, Reza Mayahi, Maureen Davidica Mayes, Timothy McAlindon, Hayley McBain, Bill McCarberg, Edward F. McCarthy, Geraldine McCarthy, Michael F. McDermott, Dennis McGonagle, Lachy McLean, Peter A. Merkel, Jamal A. Mikdashi, Frederick W. Miller, Paul D. Miller, Kirsten Minden, Paul A. Monach, Kathleen Mulligan, Gauthier Namur, Esperanza Naredo, Kim E. Naylor, Amanda E. Nelson, Stanton P. Newman, Ellen Nordal, Ulrich Nöth, Eleana Ntatsaki, John J. O'Shea, Chester V. Oddis, Alejandro Olivé, Mohammed A. Omair, Michael J. Ombrello, Antonina Omisade, Voon H. Ong, Patrik Önnerfjord, Philippe Orcel, Caroline Ospelt, Seza Ozen, Stephen A. Paget, Dipak R. Patel, Carlo Patrono, Jean-Pierre Pelletier, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Clarissa A. Pilkington, Michael H. Pillinger, Carlos Pineda, Robert M. Plenge, Andrew Price, Luminita Pricop, Lars Rackwitz, Angelo Ravelli, Anthony C. Redmond, Westley H. Reeves, Elaine F. Remmers, Luis Requena, Clio Ribbens, Bruce C. Richardson, Elena Riera Alonso, Graham Riley, Christopher Ritchlin, Susan Y. Ritter, Ivan O. Rosas, Drew D. Rowan, Martin Rudwaleit, Marina Rull, Marite Rygg, Kenneth G. Saag, Jane E. Salmon, Donald M. Salter, Daniel J. Salzberg, Philip N. Sambrook, Tore Saxne, Hans-Georg Schaible, Jose U. Scher, Georg Schett, Nicole Schmitz, Benjamin Schreiber, H. Ralph Schumacher, Daniella Muallem Schwartz, David G.I. Scott, Margaret Seton, Lauren M. Shapiro, Nancy Sharby, Jeffrey Siegel, Richard M. Siegel, Joachim Sieper, Richard M. Silver, Shonni J. Silverberg, Julia F. Simard, Barry P. Simmons, Robert W. Simms, Nora G. Singer, Malcolm D. Smith, Stacy E. Smith, Josef S. Smolen, Tim D. Spector, Virginia D. Steen, Allen C. Steere, Günter Steiner, Andre F. Steinert, George Stojan, John H. Stone, Vibeke Strand, Rainer H. Straub, Elizabeth A. Streeten, Giulio Superti-Furga, Deborah P.M. Symmons, Zoltan Szekanecz, Paul P. Tak, Antonio Tavoni, Peter C. Taylor, Robert Terkeltaub, Sarah S. Thomas, Jennifer E. Thorne, Jonathan H. Tobias, Adriana H. Tremoulet, George C. Tsokos, Rocky S. Tuan, Carl Turesson, Sebastian H. Unizony, Ana M. Valdes, Wim B. van den Berg, Désirée van der Heijde, Ronald Frits van Vollenhoven, John Varga, Dimitrios Vassilopoulos, Edward M. Vital, Karen Walker-Bone, Daniel J. Wallace, Gary Warburton, Robert J. Ward, Richard Watts, Mihir D. Wechalekar, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Michael E. Weinblatt, Matthew R. Weir, Claire Y.J. Wenham, Sterling G. West, Cornelia M. Weyand, Kenneth E. White, Kevin L. Winthrop, John B. Wong, Anthony D. Woolf, Jane Worthington, Huji Xu, Hasan Yazici, D.A. Young, Sebahattin Yurdakul, Yuqing Zhang, and Haoyang Zhuang

Published
2015
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7. Preface

Author

Marc C. Hochberg, Alan J. Silman, Josef S. Smolen, Michael E. Weinblatt, and Michael H. Weisman

Published
2015
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8. Acknowledgments

Author

Marc C. Hochberg, Alan J. Silman, Josef S. Smolen, Michael E. Weinblatt, and Michael H. Weisman

Published
2015
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9. Contributors

Author

Aryeh M. Abeles, Abby G. Abelson, Abhishek Abhishek, Steven B. Abramson, Michael A. Adams, David M. Adlam, Thomas Aigner, Shizuo Akira, Ivona Aksentijevich, Daniel Aletaha, Antonios O. Aliprantis, Cornelia F. Allaart, Pamela G. Allen, Roy D. Altman, Martin Aringer, Dana P. Ascherman, Shervin Assassi, Sergei P. Atamas, Alan N. Baer, Dominique Baeten, Nancy Baker, Alejandro Balsa, Les Barnsley, Joan M. Bathon, Michael A. Becker, Jill JF Belch, Nicholas Bellamy, Teresita Bellido, R. Michael Benitez, Michael Benjamin, Michael W. Beresford, Brian M. Berman, Bonnie Lee Bermas, George Bertsias, John P. Bilezikian, Philip E. Blazar, Jane F. Bleasel, Markus Böhm, Christelle Boileau, Marcy B. Bolster, Stefano Bombardieri, Sydney Bonnick, Dimitrios T. Boumpas, Richard D. Brasington, Ferdinand Breedveld, Earl W. Brien, Anne C. Brower, Matthew A. Brown, Ian N. Bruce, William D. Bugbee, Marwan A.S. Bukhari, Rubén Burgos-Vargas, Jane C. Burns, David B. Burr, Patricia C. Cagnoli, Leonard H. Calabrese, Jeffrey P. Callen, Juan J. Canoso, Sabrina Cavallo, Tim E. Cawston, Michael Denis Chard, Lan X. Chen, Ernest H.S. Choy, Daniel J. Clauw, Philip J. Clements, Nona T. Colburn, Laura A. Coleman, Philip G. Conaghan, Cyrus Cooper, Felicia Cosman, Karen H. Costenbader, Paul Creamer, José C. Crispin, Lindsey A. Criswell, Bruce N. Cronstein, Raymond Cross, Natalie E. Cusano, John J. Cush, Maurizio Cutolo, Vivette D’Agati, Hanne Dagfinrud, David I. Daikh, Seamus E. Dalton, Shouvik Dass, Jean-Pierre David, Aileen Davis, Chad L. Deal, Karel De Ceulaer, Chris Deighton, Paul F. Dellaripa, Alessandra Della Rossa, David Dempster, Elaine Dennison, Christopher P. Denton, John Denton, Roshan Dhawale, Michael Doherty, Patricia Dolan, Rachelle Donn, Mary Anne Dooley, Maxime Dougados, Michael F. Drummond, George S.M. Dyer, Brandon E. Earp, N. Lawrence Edwards, Patrick Ellender, Paul Emery, Luis R. Espinoza, Joshua M. Farber, Anders Fasth, Debbie Feldman, David T. Felson, G. Kelley Fitzgerald, Raymond H. Flores, David A. Fox, Clair A. Francomano, Anthony J. Freemont, Izzet Fresko, Kevin B. Fricka, Daniel E. Furst, Cem Gabay, Sherine E. Gabriel, Bernat Galarraga, Boel Andersson Gäre, Patrick Garnero, Lianne S. Gensler, Danielle M. Gerlag, Piet P. Geusens, Jon T. Giles, Ellen M. Ginzler, Alison M. Gizinski, Garry Gold, Tania Gonzalez-Rivera, Caroline Gordon, Rachel Gorodkin, Jorg J. Goronzy, Simon Görtz, Elena Gournelos, Rodney Grahame, Andrew J. Grainger, Ellen M. Gravallese, Jeffrey D. Greenberg, Karlene Hagley, Alan J. Hakim, Vedat Hamuryudan, Boulos Haraoui, Adam Harder, John B. Harley, E. Nigel Harris, Philip J. Hashkes, Gillian Hawker, Philip N. Hawkins, Turid Heiberg, Dick Heinegård, Simon M. Helfgott, Jenny E. Heller, Ariane L. Herrick, Laurence D. Higgins, J. S. Hill Gaston, Marc C. Hochberg, Markus Hoffmann, V. Michael Holers, Michael F. Holick, Christopher Holroyd, Osvaldo Hübscher, Tom W.J. Huizinga, David J. Hunter, M. Elaine Husni, Robert D. Inman, Zacharia Isaac, Maura D. Iversen, Douglas A. Jabs, Hayley James, Rose-Marie Javier, David Jayne, Alyssa K. Johnsen, Joanne M. Jordan, Melanie S. Joy, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Cees G.M. Kallenberg, Yuka Kanno, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Dimitrios G. Kassimos, Daniel L. Kastner, Jeffrey N. Katz, Arthur Kavanaugh, Jonathan Kay, Jennifer A. Kelly, Edward Keystone, Munther A. Khamashta, Dinesh Khanna, Peter W. Kim, Ingvild Kjeken, Alisa E. Koch, Matthew F. Koff, Virginia Byers Kraus, Hillal Maradit Kremers, Hollis Elaine Krug, Pradeep Kumar, Tore K. Kvien, Robert Lafyatis, Talia Landau, Robert B.M. Landewé, Carol A. Langford, Ronald M. Laxer, Thomas J. Learch, Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo, George T. Lewith, Yi Li, Katherine P. Liao, Geoffrey Littlejohn, Michael D. Lockshin, Pilar Lorenzo, Thomas A. Luger, Ingrid E. Lundberg, Harvinder S. Luthra, Klaus P. Machold, C. Ronald Mackenzie, Maren Lawson Mahowald, Alfred D. Mahr, Joan C. Marini, Eresha Markalanda, Javier Marquez, Johanne Martel-Pelletier, Emilio Martin-Mola, Manuel Martinez-Lavin, Elena M. Massarotti, Eric L. Matteson, Maureen Mayes, Bongani M. Mayosi, Timothy McAlindon, Rex M. McCallum, Geraldine McCarthy, W. Joseph McCune, Stephany A. McGann, Dennis McGonagle, Lachy McLean, Philip J. Mease, Peter A. Merkel, Jamal A. Mikdashi, Frederick W. Miller, Paul D. Miller, Kirsten Minden, Dimitris I. Mitsias, Girish M. Mody, Paul A. Monach, Larry W. Moreland, Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos, Gauthier Namur, Esperanza Naredo, David J. Nashel, Amanda E. Nelson, Stanton P. Newman, Johannes C. Nossent, Ulrich Nöth, Philip O’Connor, Chester V. Oddis, K. Sigvard Olsson, Michael J. Ombrello, Philippe Orcel, John J. O'Shea, Stephen A. Paget, Carlo Patrono, Jean-Pierre Pelletier, Silvia Pierangeli, Heather Pierce, Clarissa A. Pilkington, Michael H. Pillinger, Carlos Pineda, Robert M. Plenge, Luminita Pricop, Lars Rackwitz, Gautam Ramani, Angelo Ravelli, Westley H. Reeves, Elaine F. Remmers, Heikki Repo, Luis Requena, Clio Ribbens, Graham Riley, Christopher Ritchlin, Ivan O. Rosas, Ronenn Roubenoff, A.D. Rowan, Martin Rudwaleit, Kenneth G. Saag, Jane E. Salmon, David C. Salonen, Donald M. Salter, Daniel J. Salzberg, Philip N. Sambrook, Benjamin Sanofsky, Tore Saxne, Hans-Georg Schaible, Georg Schett, Nicole Schmitz, Lew C. Schon, H. Ralph Schumacher, David G.I. Scott, Brooke Seidelmann, Andrea L. Sestak, Margaret Seton, Nancy A. Shadick, Lauren Shapiro, Lewis L. Shi, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, Richard M. Siegel, Joachim Sieper, Richard M. Silver, Shonni J. Silverberg, Julia F. Simard, Barry P. Simmons, Robert W. Simms, John Sims, Nora G. Singer, Malcolm D. Smith, Stacy E. Smith, Josef S. Smolen, Tim D. Spector, E. William St. Clair, Virginia D. Steen, Günter Steiner, Andre F. Steinert, John H. Stone, Millicent A. Stone, Rainer H. Straub, Deborah P.M. Symmons, Zoltán Szekanecz, Ilona S. Szer, Paul P. Tak, Antonio Tavoni, Peter C. Taylor, Robert Terkeltaub, Mohamed M. Thabet, Jennifer E. Thorne, George C. Tsokos, Rocky S. Tuan, Carl Turesson, Athanasios G. Tzioufas, Patricia A. Uber, Wim B. van den Berg, Désirée van der Heijde, Floris A. van Gaalen, John Varga, Dimitrios Vassilopoulos, Archana R. Vasudevan, Patrick J.W. Venables, Edward M. Vital, Richard J. Wakefield, Jennifer G. Walker, Robert J. Ward, Richard Watts, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Michael E. Weinblatt, Matthew R. Weir, Claire Y.J. Wenham, Sterling G. West, Cornelia M. Weyand, Kenneth E. White, Frances M.K. Williams, Kevin L. Winthrop, Anthony D. Woolf, Jane Worthington, John Wright, Hasan Yazici, Yusuf Yazici, John R. York, D.A. Young, Sebahattin Yurdakul, Guangju Zhai, Yuqing Zhang, and Haoyang Zhuang

Published
2011
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11. Genomics in the Evaluation and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Author

Michael E. Weinblatt and Robert M. Plenge

Subjects
business.industry, Basic science, Inflammatory arthritis, medicine.medical_treatment, Genomics, Disease, medicine.disease, Cytokine, Rheumatoid arthritis, Immunology, medicine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Allele, business
Abstract

Publisher Summary As with many complex diseases, those influenced by multiple genes and environmental exposures show substantial clinical heterogeneity. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic inflammatory disorder with a predilection for specific diarthrodial (freely movable) joints. It is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis with an estimated prevalence of up to ∼1% in the adult population. Females are at greater risk than males for developing the disease. While the disease can occur at any age, there is an increasing incident with age. The clinical features of new-onset RA are highlighted. Genomic medicine, which translates genomic information into prediction of disease susceptibility, characterization of gene–environment interactions, identification of new therapeutic targets, and development of novel gene-based diagnostics, has had very little impact on the clinical management of patients with RA so far. The association of susceptibility to HLA-DRB1 alleles is known but has not been translated into novel diagnostics or therapeutic treatments. The most remarkable advancement in the clinical management of RA that has emerged from intense basic science research is the development of inhibitors of an important cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).

Published
2010
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13. Contributors

Author

Michael J. Ackerman, Matthew L. Anderson, Felicita Andreotti, Brian H. Annex, Anthony Antonellis, Dmitri Artemov, James R. Bain, Peter J. Barnes, J.S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Richard C. Becker, Ivor J. Benjamin, Paul R. Billings, Simon C. Body, Mark Boguski, Stefano Bonassi, Brigitta Bondy, J. Martijn Bos, Roger E. Breitbart, Jerome Brody, Matthew P. Brown, Lars Bullinger, Shawn C. Burgess, Atul J. Butte, David J. Carey, George Carlson, Juan C. Celedón, Subhashini Chandrasekharan, Wing C. (John) Chang, Yan Chen, Antonio Chiocca, Theresa Puifun Chow, Wendy K. Chung, Robert Cook-Deegan, Dolores Corella, Susan Cottrell, Nancy J. Cox, Nigel P.S. Crawford, A. Jamie Cuticchia, Dieter Deforce, Mario C. Deng, Gayathri Devi, Theo deVos, Juergen Distler, Harmut Dohner, Ayotunde O. Dokun, Mark R. Edbrooke, Lucas B. Edelman, Dirk Elewaut, Charles J. Epstein, Ayman H. Fanous, Phillip G. Febbo, Robert J. Feezor, Yonmei Feng, Zeno Földes-Papp, Hidehiko Fujinaka, David J. Galas, Louis, P. Garrison, Glenn S. Gerhard, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Bjorn T. Gjertsen, Michael Glass, David B. Goldstein, Erynn S. Gordon, Tucker Gosnell, Peter Grass, Eric D. Green, Iris Grossman, Marta Gwinn, Carolina Haefliger, Susanne B. Haga, Per Hall, Joshua M. Hare, Ahmad Hariri, James R. Heath, Robert A. Hegele, Bettina Heidecker, Shona Hislop, Eric P. Hoffman, John Holton, Leroy Hood, Andrew T. Huang, Erich S. Huang, Carlos A. Hubbard, Kent Hunter, Courtney Hyland, Chunhwa Ihm, Olga Ilkayeva, Rafael Irizarry, Shushant Jain, Melissa D. Johnson, Philip W. Kantoff, Sekar Kathiresan, Hasmeena Kathuria, Kensaku Kawamoto, Filip De Keyser, Asif Khalid, Muin Khoury, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Michelle M. Kittleson, Beena T. Koshy, Ranga Krishnan, Robert S. Krouse, Vikas Kundra, Myla Lai-Goldman, Vipul Lakhani, Robert Langer, Sean E. Lawler, Inyoul Lee, Charles Lee, Arthur S. Lee, Stanely Leong, Ralf Lesche, Samuel Levy, Edison T. Liu, David F. Lobach, James B. Lorens, Aldons J. Lusis, H. Kim Lyerly, Nageswara R. Madamanchi, J. Alfredo Martinez, Vega Masignani, Kevin McGrath, John McHutchison, Frank Middleton, Herman Mielants, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Ulf Müller-Ladner, Mark A. Nelson, Monica Neri, Mihai Netea, L. Kristin Newby, Christopher B. Newgard, Maggie Ng, Paul W. Noble, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Robert L. Nussbaum, Meghan B. O'Donoghue, Kunle Odunsi, Kenneth Olden, Steve R. Ommen, Jose M. Ordovas, Roberto Patarca, Jeetendra Patel, K. Patel, Carlos N. Pato, Michele T. Pato, Tanja Pejovic, Noah C. Perin, Michael Pham, Robert M. Plenge, Achim Plum, Mihai V. Podgoreanu, Jonathan R. Pollack, Rebecca L. Pollex, Nathan D. Price, Thomas Quertermous, Francisco J. Quintana, Benjamin A. Raby, Daniel J. Rader, Sridhar Ramaswamy, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Scott D. Ramsey, Rino Rappuoli, Nader Rifai, Lisa Rimsza, Yu-Hui Rogers, Allen D. Roses, Jeffrey S. Ross, Ronenn Roubenoff, Marschall S. Runge, Maren T. Scheuner, Matthias Schuster, David A. Schwartz, Debra A. Schwinn, Chia Kee Seng, Nicholas A. Shackel, M. Frances Shannon, A. Dean Sherry, Jiaqi Shi, Kevin Shianna, Yelizaveta Shnayder, Andrew B. Singleton, T.P. Slavin, Desmond J. Smith, Rikkert L. Snoeckx, Ralph Snyderman, Avrum Spira, Colin F. Spraggs, Robert D. Stevens, Nicolas A. Stewart, Alison Stewart, F. Stewart, Robert L. Strausberg, Moshe Szyf, Weihong Tan, Robert I. Tepper, Hervé Tettelin, Giovana R. Thomas, John D. Thompson, Visith Thongboonkerd, Eric J. Topol, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Ad A. van Bodegraven, Kris Van Den Bogaert, Filip Van den Bosch, Matte Vatta, Timothy D. Veenstra, David L. Veenstra, Aleksandr E. Vendrov, Catherine M. Verfaillie, Nicole M. Walley, Ling Wang, Mike Weale, Michael E. Weinblatt, Howard L. Weiner, Scott T. Weiss, Ralph Weissleder, Samuel A. Wells, Brett R. Wenner, Ilse R. Wiechers, Georgia L. Wiesner, Janey L. Wiggs, Cisca Wijmenga, Huntington F. Willard, James M. Wilson, Nelson A. Wivel, Jay Wohlgemuth, Janet Woodcock, Christopher W. Woods, Paula W. Woon, Chana Yagil, Yoram Yagil, Tadashi Yamamoto, Gang Yao, Andrew J. Yee, Hyuntae Yoo, Y. Nancy You, Li-Rong Yu, Jean-François Zagury, Ron Zimmern, and Stephan Züchner

Published
2009
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14. Contributors

Author

Daniel Aletaha, Lars Alfredsson, Marina Backhaus, Joan M. Bathon, Johannes W.J. Bijlsma, Maarten Boers, Ferdinand C. Breedveld, Gerd R. Burmester, Nicholas D. Bushar, Frank Buttgereit, Philip G. Conaghan, Shouvik Dass, Kevin D. Deane, Thomas Dörner, Paul Emery, John M. Esdaile, Donna L. Farber, Jane E. Freeston, Steffen Gay, Daniëlle M. Gerlag, Mary B. Goldring, Mavis Goycochea, Désirée van der Heijde, Marc C. Hochberg, V. Michael Holers, Axel J. Hueber, Tom W.J. Huizinga, Alyssa K. Johnsen, Arthur Kavanaugh, Edward Keystone, Hans P. Kiener, Raimund W. Kinne, Lars Klareskog, Gisela Kobelt, Alisa E. Koch, Joel Kremer, Tore K. Kvien, Diane Lacaille, Robert Landewe, David M. Lee, Peter E. Lipsky, Klaus P. Machold, C. Ronald MacKenzie, Eric L. Matteson, Iain B. McInnes, Christopher G. Meyer, Toru Mima, Hoda Mirjafari, Larry W. Moreland, Kamal D. Moudgil, Peter A. Nigrovic, Norihiro Nishimoto, Sarah Okada, Francesca I. Okoye, Jacqueline E. Oliver, Caroline Ospelt, Stephen A. Paget, Saparna Pai, Thomas Pap, Dimitrios A. Pappas, Sarah Kaprove Penn, Robert M. Plenge, Jana Posalski, Rajesh Rajaiah, Kurt Redlich, Johan Rönnelid, Clemens Scheinecker, Georg Schett, David L. Scott, Jeffrey N. Siegel, Alan J. Silman, Lee S. Simon, Jasvinder A. Singh, Josef S. Smolen, Daniel H. Solomon, E. William St. Clair, Günter Steiner, Vibeke Strand, Bruno Stuhlmüller, Deborah Symmons, Zoltán Szekanecz, Paul Peter Tak, Peter C. Taylor, Ranjeny Thomas, Carl Turesson, Edward M. Vital, Michael M. Ward, Deborah Weber, Michael E. Weinblatt, Michael H. Weisman, Sterling G. West, Kevin L. Winthrop, Angela Zink, and Nathan J. Zvaifler

Published
2009
Full Text
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