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1. Assessing mental health transition readiness in youth with medical conditions

Author

Wendy N. Gray, Lauren Partain, Erin Benekos, Carlos Konishi, Adrianne Alpern, and Michael Weiss

Subjects
Mental health, Transfer, Transition readiness, Adolescents, Medicine
Abstract

Purpose: Many youth with medical conditions also have co-occurring mental health concerns. Limited attention has been given to the mental health transition needs of these youth. We explore bringing transition readiness assessment into the mental health care of youth with co-occurring disorders. Design and Methods: Mental health transition readiness was assessed in transition-aged youth seen in a hospital-based specialty mental health clinic for youth with co-occurring medical and mental health conditions. Patients and/or parents reported on their awareness of transition policies and experiences. Clinicians formally assessed youth mental health transition readiness using the TRXANSITION Index. Results: Only 46.53 % of families knew about the clinic’s transition policy. Less than 1/3 reported their provider ever mentioning transition and only 6.93 % knew the deadline for transfer to adult care. Few patients had a transition goal in their treatment plan, even when required by the payor. By assessing transition readiness, clinicians were able to identify deficits in need of remediation in 95 % of patients. Transition readiness was highest in the following domains of the TRXANSITION Index: Ongoing support (85.15 %), Adherence (78.38 %), and Trade/School (71.29 %). Transition readiness was lowest in New Providers (30.94 %), Rx/Medications (37.99 %), and Insurance (42.57 %). Few knew when their current health insurance coverage would end (10.89 %) or how to get health insurance coverage when they became an adult (11.88 %). Mental health transition readiness and medical condition transition readiness did not differ in a sub-sample of youth with available data, t(14) = −1.33, p =.20. Conclusion: Mental health transition readiness is suboptimal in youth with co-occurring mental health and medical conditions. Findings point to specific targets for future intervention to improve patient mental health transition readiness and patient/family awareness of transition practices.

Published
2024
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2. Predicting 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants using graphical network and machine learning approachesResearch in context

Author

Sandra E. Juul, Thomas R. Wood, Kendell German, Janessa B. Law, Sarah E. Kolnik, Mihai Puia-Dumitrescu, Ulrike Mietzsch, Semsa Gogcu, Bryan A. Comstock, Sijia Li, Dennis E. Mayock, Patrick J. Heagerty, Rajan Wadhawan, Sherry E. Courtney, Tonya Robinson, Kaashif A. Ahmad, Ellen Bendel-Stenzel, Mariana Baserga, Edmund F. LaGamma, L. Corbin Downey, Raghavendra Rao, Nancy Fahim, Andrea Lampland, Ivan D. Frantz, III, Janine Khan, Michael Weiss, Maureen M. Gilmore, Nishant Srinivasan, Jorge E. Perez, and Victor McKay

Subjects
Extreme prematurity, prediction, Outcomes, neurodevelopmental impairment, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Infants born extremely preterm (

Published
2023
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3. Developing a specialty transition clinic: Inaugural clinical and financial operations

Author

Wendy N. Gray, Erin Benekos, Courtney Malave, Lauren Partain, Parasto Dorriz, and Michael Weiss

Subjects
Transfer, Insurance, Billing, Program development, Care coordination, Medicine
Abstract

Purpose: Few examples of hospital-wide transition programs have been presented in the literature and to date, we have no data on the clinical and financial operations of such services. Design and methods: A transition clinic, guided by Got Transition’s Six Core Elements, was created for youth with moderate-to-high medical and psychosocial complexity (per Bob’s Levels of Social Support scale). The clinic visit and transition readiness assessment (UNC TRxANSITION Index) were billed fee-for-service or under a bundled payment managed care model. We present data on patient characteristics, clinic operations, finances, and patient/parent satisfaction (online survey) in the clinic’s first year of operation (March 2021-February 2022). Results: In Year 1, the clinic completed 115 appointments (113 unique patients). Most patients were older adolescents/young adults (M = 19.7 ± 1.8 years) and nearly half were Latinx. Patients presented with several complex medical needs including coordination of care across multiple subspecialties, high health care utilization, decision-making determinations, behavioral and mental health concerns, and resource needs. Implementation of the Six Core elements was high (range 99.1%−100%). The average billed per patient was $498 (in 2021–2022 USD). Considering paid and unpaid office visits, we collected an average of 31.6 cents on the dollar. Almost 80% of office visit claims and 21.9–33.3% of transition readiness assessments were paid by insurers. Patient/parent satisfaction was high, with over 90% of families reporting that they learned something, knew one thing they could do to improve transition readiness, and were able to get their questions asked and answered. Conclusions: Transition clinics may never be fully self-sustainable given low collection rates and inability to capture extra charge codes related to chronic care management and transitional care. However, our collection rate was on-par with the collection rate for our hospital’s subspecialty clinics and we show it is possible to receive some funding from insurers.

Published
2023
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4. Pooled RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in schools - a cluster randomised trial

Author

Alexander Joachim, Felix Dewald, Isabelle Suárez, Michael Zemlin, Isabelle Lang, Regine Stutz, Anna Marthaler, Hans Martin Bosse, Nadine Lübke, Juliane Münch, Marie-Annett Bernard, Kathrin Jeltsch, Burkhard Tönshoff, Niklas Weidner, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Lena Birzele, Johannes Hübner, Patricia Schmied, Melanie Meyer-Bühn, Gibran Horemheb-Rubio, Oliver A. Cornely, Heinz Haverkamp, Gerhard Wiesmüller, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Barbara Hero, Rolf Kaiser, Jörg Dötsch, Jan Rybniker, Zülfü C. Cosgun, Christoph Hünseler, Jana Schönenkorb, Juliane Wurm, Florian Klein, Eva Heger, Elena Knops, Saleta Sierra-Aragón, Alina Chloé Kretschmer, Rosanne Sprute, Annelene Kossow, Martin Hellmich, Kija Shah-Hosseini, Michael Weiss, Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz, Elisabeth Kaiser, Sascha Meyer, Nastasja Seiwert, Sigrun Smola, Thorsten Pfuhl, Stefan Lohse, Anna-Kathrin Schupp, Jörg Timm, Nehle Gröne, Hellen Lesmann, Renate Bredahl, Lukas Schneble, Martin Turinsky, Christian Patry, Georg F Hoffmann, Barbara Müller, Kathleen Börner, Paul Schnitzler, Anke-Mareil Heuser, Andreas Welker, Ulrich von Both, and Anna Kern

Subjects
Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, School, Pooled testing, Surveillance, RT-qPCR, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: The extent to which children and adolescents contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission remains not fully understood. Novel high-capacity testing methods may provide real-time epidemiological data in educational settings helping to establish a rational approach to prevent and minimize SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We investigated whether pooling of samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR is a sensitive and feasible high-capacity diagnostic strategy for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in schools. Methods: In this study, students and school staff of 14 educational facilities in Germany were tested sequentially between November 9 and December 23, 2020, two or three times per week for at least three consecutive weeks. Participants were randomized for evaluation of two different age adjusted swab sampling methods (oropharyngeal swabs or buccal swabs compared to saliva swabs using a ‘lolli method’). Swabs were collected and pooled for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR. Individuals of positive pooled tests were retested by RT-qPCR the same or the following day. Positive individuals were quarantined while the SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals remained in class with continued pooled RT-qPCR surveillance. The study is registered with the German Clinical Trials register (registration number: DRKS00023911). Findings: 5,537 individuals were eligible and 3970 participants were enroled and included in the analysis. In students, a total of 21,978 swabs were taken and combined in 2218 pooled RT-qPCR tests. We detected 41 positive pooled tests (1·8%) leading to 36 SARS-CoV-2 cases among students which could be identified by individual re-testing. The cumulative 3-week incidence for primary schools was 564/100,000 (6/1064, additionally 1 infection detected in week 4) and 1249/100,000 (29/2322) for secondary schools. In secondary schools, there was no difference in the number of SARS-CoV-2 positive students identified from pooled oropharyngeal swabs compared to those identified from pooled saliva samples (lolli method) (14 vs. 15 cases; 1·3% vs. 1·3%; OR 1.1; 95%-CI 0·5–2·5). A single secondary school accounted for 17 of 36 cases (47%) indicating a high burden of asymptomatic prevalent SARS-CoV-2 cases in the respective school and community. Interpretation: In educational settings, SARS-CoV-2 screening by RT-qPCR-based pooled testing with easily obtainable saliva samples is a feasible method to detect incident cases and observe transmission dynamics. Funding: Federal Ministry of education and research (BMBF; Project B-FAST in “NaFoUniMedCovid19”; registration number: 01KX2021).

Published
2021
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5. Chest compression by two-thumb encircling method generates higher carotid artery blood flow in swine infant model of cardiac arrest

Author

Sharda Udassi, Ikram U. Haque, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Andre Shih, Dhanya Vasudeva, Giridhar Kaliki-Venkata, Michael Weiss, Arno L. Zaritsky, and Jai P. Udassi

Subjects
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Two-thumb CPR, Two-finger CPR, Swine cardiac arrest, Carotid artery blood flow, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Objective: Two-Thumb(TT) technique provides superior quality chest compressions compared with Two-Finger(TF) in an instrumented infant manikin. Whether this translates to differences in blood flow, such as carotid arterial blood flow(CABF), has not been evaluated. We hypothesized that TT-CPR generates higher CABF and Coronary Perfusion Pressure(CPP) compared with TF-CPR in a neonatal swine cardiac arrest model. Methods: Twelve anesthetized & ventilated piglets were randomized after 3 min of untreated VF to receive either TT-CPR or TF-CPR by PALS certified rescuers delivering a compression rate of 100/min. The primary outcome, CABF, was measured using an ultrasound transonic flow probe placed on the left carotid artery. CPP was calculated and end-tidal CO2(ETCO2) was measured during CPR. Data(mean ± SD) were analyzed and p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Carotid artery blood flow (% of baseline) was higher in TT-CPR (66.2 ± 35.4%) than in the TF-CPR (27.5 ± 10.6%) group, p = 0.013. Mean CPP (mm Hg) during three minutes of chest compression for TT-CPR was 12.5 ± 15.8 vs. 6.5 ± 6.7 in TF-CPR, p = 0.41 and ETCO2 (mm Hg) was 29.0 ± 7.4 in TT-CPR vs. 20.7 ± 5.8 in TF-CPR group, p = 0.055. Conclusion: TT-CPR achieved more than twice the CABF compared with TF-CPR in a piglet cardiac arrest model. Although CPP and ETCO2 were higher during TT-CPR, these parameters did not reach statistical significance. This study provides direct evidence of increased blood flow in infant swine using TT-CPR and further supports that TT chest compression is the preferred method for CPR in infants.

Published
2021
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7. Adressen

Author

Dietrich Michalk, Eckhard Schönau, Wiebke Ahrens, Oliver Andres, Hansjosef Böhles, Jürgen H. Brämswig, Ulrich Brandl, Max Braun, Rolf Brenner, Ilse Julia Broekaert, Rainer Büscher, Sebahattin Cirak, Roman Crazzolara, Michael Diestelhorst, Sven Dittrich, Manfred Döpfner, Martin Dübbers, Ibrahim Duran, Stefan Eber, Frank Eifinger, Mathias Emmel, Udo H. Engelmann, Simon U. Engelmann, Oliver Fricke, Gerd Ganser, Alexander von Gontard, Isabelle Graf, Annette Grüters-Kieslich, Rainer Haak, Kathi Hartmann, Berthold P. Hauffa, Ulrich Heininger, Peter Herkenrath, Gerhard Hesse, Michael Hofbeck, Reinhard Holl, Martin Holtmann, Bernd Hoppe, Heike Hoyer-Kuhn, Christoph Hünseler, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Karl-Bernd Hüttenbrink, Klaus-Michael Keller, Sebastian Kerzel, Jan Kirschner, Martin Kirschstein, Günter Klaus, Berthold Koletzko, Sibylle Koletzko, Martin Kömhoff, Martin Konrad, Robert W. Körner, Eberhard Kuwertz-Bröking, Christof Land, Pablo Landgraf, Hans-Jürgen Laws, Michael J. Lentze, Christoph Licht, Esther Lowden, Johannes Luckhaus, Kyriakos Martakis, Klaus Mohnike, Tim Niehues, Eva Nüsken, Kai-Dietrich Nüsken, Walter Nützenadel, Ekkehart Paditz, Karl Paul-Buck, Uwe Querfeld, Michael B. Ranke, Wolfgang Rascher, Mirko Rehberg, Frank Riedel, Max J. Scheyerer, Gerhard Schmalz, David Schorling, Bernd C. Schwahn, Tobias Schwarz, Lothar Schweigerer, Hannsjörg Seyberth, Thorsten Simon, Gernot H.G. Sinnecker, Stephan Sollberg, Wolfgang Sperl, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Narayanswami Sreeram, Anne Kathrin Striegel, Verena Strunz, Martin Wabitsch, Siegfried Waldegger, Martin Walger, Hasso von Wedel, Michael Weiß, Thomas Wiesner, Stefan Wirth, Ayla Yagdiran, Joachim E. Zöller, and T. Zuberbier

Published
2021
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8. High resistance of soils to short-term re-grazing in a long-term abandoned alpine pasture

Author

Stefanie Schulz, Carsten W. Mueller, Michael Dannenmann, Andrea Sierts, Martin Wiesmeier, Anne Schucknecht, Georg Willibald, Sarah Fuetterer, Alix Vidal, Paul Toechterle, Alexander Krämer, Diana Rocio Andrade Linares, Michael Schloter, Jörg Ewald, Michael Weiss, Vera Baumert, Alfred Fischer, Noelia Garcia-Franco, Wolfgang Bogacki, and Andreas von Heßberg

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Total organic carbon, geography, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Agronomy, Dissolved organic carbon, Soil water, Grazing, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, Salt-extractable Organic Carbon, Gross Nitrogen Turnover, Microbial Community, Plfa, Nitrogen Mineralizers, Ammonia Oxidizers, Agronomy and Crop Science, Nitrogen cycle
Abstract

Grazed alpine pastures have shaped landscapes of the European Alps for millennia, but have partially been abandoned since the 1950s. Re-grazing of abandoned pastures could preserve this cultural landscape with its high species diversity, but also alter soil carbon and nitrogen cycles, as well as microbial communities, potentially affecting ecosystem services (e.g., water purification, carbon and nitrogen storage). However, there is a lack of information on the resistance of soil characteristics to re-grazing effects. After characterising the distribution of vegetation types of an abandoned pasture in the German Alps, we investigated short-term effects of re-grazing on soil organic carbon and nitrogen biochemistry, soil microbial communities, and water quality along a gradient of grazing intensity. The abandoned grassland studied presented a remarkably high diversity of species and habitats even 60 years after abandonment. It was also found to be particularly rich in terms of microbial biomass, as well as in soil carbon and nitrogen. A few months after re-grazing started, extractable organic carbon, gross nitrogen mineralisation rates and inorganic nitrogen concentrations were increased only in intensively grazing-affected areas with bare soil (i.e. concentration of cows with excreta inputs), which insignificantly contributed to the overall area. Re-grazing did not affect the microbial abundance, whatever the grazing intensity, but induced a community shift towards a smaller proportion of fungi compared to bacteria and an increase of ammonia oxidizers (archaea/bacteria) under bare soil conditions. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrate in the draining creek remained very low. Overall, re-grazing of pastures in the first season had very limited effects on microbial communities and associated carbon and nitrogen turnover and concentrations, highlighting the resistance of the studied alpine soils to extensive re-grazing. Our results indicate how to develop sustainable management strategies that preserve alpine pastures from degradation.

Published
2020

9. Long-term efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Japanese patients with generalized myasthenia gravis: A subgroup analysis of the REGAIN open-label extension study

Author

Hiroyuki Murai, Akiyuki Uzawa, Yasushi Suzuki, Tomihiro Imai, Hirokazu Shiraishi, Hidekazu Suzuki, Meinoshin Okumura, Fanny O’Brien, Jing-Jing Wang, Kenji P. Fujita, Kimiaki Utsugisawa, Claudio Gabriel Mazia, Miguel Wilken, Fabio Barroso, Juliet Saba, Marcelo Rugiero, Mariela Bettini, Marcelo Chaves, Gonzalo Vidal, Alejandra Dalila Garcia, Jan De Bleecker, Guy Van den Abeele, Kathy de Koning, Katrien De Mey, Rudy Mercelis, Délphine Mahieu, Linda Wagemaekers, Philip Van Damme, Annelies Depreitere, Caroline Schotte, Charlotte Smetcoren, Olivier Stevens, Sien Van Daele, Nicolas Vandenbussche, Annelies Vanhee, Sarah Verjans, Jan Vynckier, Ann D'Hondt, Petra Tilkin, Alzira Alves de Siqueira Carvalho, Igor Dias Brockhausen, David Feder, Daniel Ambrosio, Pamela César, Ana Paula Melo, Renata Martins Ribeiro, Rosana Rocha, Bruno Bezerra Rosa, Thabata Veiga, Luiz Augusto da Silva, Murilo Santos Engel, Jordana Gonçalves Geraldo, Maria da Penha Ananias Morita, Erica Nogueira Coelho, Gabriel Paiva, Marina Pozo, Natalia Prando, Debora Dada Martineli Torres, Cristiani Fernanda Butinhao, Gustavo Duran, Tamires Cristina Gomes da Silva, Luiz Otavio Maia Gonçalves, Lucas Eduardo Pazetto, Tomás Augusto Suriane Fialho, Luciana Renata Cubas Volpe, Luciana Souza Duca, Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira, Ana Carolina Amaral Andrade, Marcelo Annes, Liene Duarte Silva, Valeria Cavalcante Lino, Wladimir Pinto, Natália Assis, Fernanda Carrara, Carolina Miranda, Iandra Souza, Patricia Fernandes, Zaeem Siddiqi, Cecile Phan, Jeffrey Narayan, Derrick Blackmore, Ashley Mallon, Rikki Roderus, Elizabeth Watt, Jana Junkerova, Barbora Kurkova, Katarina Reguliova, Olga Zapletalova, Jiri Pitha, Iveta Novakova, Michaela Tyblova, Ivana Jurajdova, Marcela Wolfova, Henning Andersen, Thomas Harbo, Lotte Vinge, Susanne Krogh, Anita Mogensen, John Vissing, Joan Højgaard, Nanna Witting, Anne Mette Ostergaard Autzen, Jane Pedersen, Juha-Pekka Eralinna, Mikko Laaksonen, Olli Oksaranta, Tuula Harrison, Jaana Eriksson, Csilla Rozsa, Melinda Horvath, Gabor Lovas, Judit Matolcsi, Gyorgyi Szabo, Gedeonne Jakab, Brigitta Szabadosne, Giovanni Antonini, Antonella Di Pasquale, Matteo Garibaldi, Stefania Morino, Fernanda Troili, Laura Fionda, Allessandro Filla, Teresa Costabile, Enrico Marano, Francesco Saccà, Angiola Fasanaro, Angela Marsili, Giorgia Puorro, Renato Mantegazza, Carlo Antozzi, Silvia Bonanno, Giorgia Camera, Alberta Locatelli, Lorenzo Maggi, Maria Pasanisi, Angela Campanella, Amelia Evoli, Paolo Emilio Alboini, Valentina D'Amato, Raffaele Iorio, Tetsuya Kanai, Naoki Kawaguchi, Masahiro Mori, Yoko Kaneko, Akiko Kanzaki, Eri Kobayashi, Katsuhisa Masaki, Dai Matsuse, Takuya Matsushita, Taira Uehara, Misa Shimpo, Maki Jingu, Keiko Kikutake, Yumiko Nakamura, Yoshiko Sano, Yuriko Nagane, Ikuko Kamegamori, Tomoko Tsuda, Yuko Fujii, Kazumi Futono, Yukiko Ozawa, Aya Mizugami, Yuka Saito, Miyuki Morikawa, Makoto Samukawa, Sachiko Kamakura, Eriko Miyawaki, Teiichiro Mitazaki, Masakatsu Motomura, Akihiro Mukaino, Shunsuke Yoshimura, Shizuka Asada, Seiko Yoshida, Shoko Amamoto, Tomomi Kobashikawa, Megumi Koga, Yasuko Maeda, Kazumi Takada, Mihoko Takada, Masako Tsurumaru, Yumi Yamashita, Tetsuya Akiyama, Koichi Narikawa, Ohito Tano, Kenichi Tsukita, Rikako Kurihara, Fumie Meguro, Yusuke Fukuda, Miwako Sato, Soichiro Funaka, Tomohiro Kawamura, Masayuki Makamori, Masanori Takahashi, Namie Taichi, Tomoya Hasuike, Eriko Higuchi, Hisako Kobayashi, Kaori Osakada, Emiko Tsuda, Shun Shimohama, Takashi Hayashi, Shin Hisahara, Jun Kawamata, Takashi Murahara, Masaki Saitoh, Shuichiro Suzuki, Daisuke Yamamoto, Yoko Ishiyama, Naoko Ishiyama, Mayuko Noshiro, Rumi Takeyama, Kaori Uwasa, Ikuko Yasuda, Anneke van der Kooi, Marianne de Visser, Tamar Gibson, Carlos Casasnovas, Maria Antonia Alberti Aguilo, Christian Homedes-Pedret, Natalia Julia Palacios, Laura Diez Porras, Valentina Velez Santamaria, Ana Lazaro, Exuperio Diez Tejedor, Pilar Gomez Salcedo, Mireya Fernandez-Fournier, Pedro Lopez Ruiz, Francisco Javier Rodriguez de Rivera, Maria Sastre, Josep Gamez, Pilar Sune, Maria Salvado, Gisela Gili, Gonzalo Mazuela, Isabel Illa, Elena Cortes Vicente, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Luis Antonio Querol Gutierrez, Ricardo Rojas Garcia, Nuria Vidal, Elisabet Arribas-Ibar, Fredrik Piehl, Albert Hietala, Lena Bjarbo, Ihsan Sengun, Arzu Meherremova, Pinar Ozcelik, Bengu Balkan, Celal Tuga, Muzeyyen Ugur, Sevim Erdem-Ozdamar, Can Ebru Bekircan-Kurt, Nazire Pinar Acar, Ezgi Yilmaz, Yagmur Caliskan, Gulsah Orsel, Husnu Efendi, Seda Aydinlik, Hakan Cavus, Ayse Kutlu, Gulsah Becerikli, Cansu Semiz, Ozlem Tun, Murat Terzi, Baki Dogan, Musa Kazim Onar, Sedat Sen, Tugce Kirbas Cavdar, Adife Veske, Fiona Norwood, Aikaterini Dimitriou, Jakit Gollogly, Mohamed Mahdi-Rogers, Arshira Seddigh, Giannis Sokratous, Gal Maier, Faisal Sohail, Saiju Jacob, Girija Sadalage, Pravin Torane, Claire Brown, Amna Shah, Sivakumar Sathasivam, Heike Arndt, Debbie Davies, Dave Watling, Anthony Amato, Thomas Cochrane, Mohammed Salajegheh, Kristen Roe, Katherine Amato, Shirli Toska, Gil Wolfe, Nicholas Silvestri, Kara Patrick, Karen Zakalik, Jonathan Katz, Robert Miller, Marguerite Engel, Dallas Forshew, Elena Bravver, Benjamin Brooks, Sarah Plevka, Maryanne Burdette, Scott Cunningham, Mohammad Sanjak, Megan Kramer, Joanne Nemeth, Clara Schommer, Scott Tierney, Vern Juel, Jeffrey Guptill, Lisa Hobson-Webb, Janice Massey, Kate Beck, Donna Carnes, John Loor, Amanda Anderson, Robert Pascuzzi, Cynthia Bodkin, John Kincaid, Riley Snook, Sandra Guingrich, Angela Micheels, Vinay Chaudhry, Andrea Corse, Betsy Mosmiller, Andrea Kelley, Doreen Ho, Jayashri Srinivasan, Michal Vytopil, Jordan Jara, Nicholas Ventura, Stephanie Scala, Cynthia Carter, Craig Donahue, Carol Herbert, Elaine Weiner, Sharmeen Alam, Jonathan McKinnon, Laura Haar, Naya McKinnon, Karan Alcon, Kaitlyn McKenna, Nadia Sattar, Kevin Daniels, Dennis Jeffery, Miriam Freimer, Joseph Chad Hoyle, John Kissel, Julie Agriesti, Sharon Chelnick, Louisa Mezache, Colleen Pineda, Filiz Muharrem, Chafic Karam, Julie Khoury, Tessa Marburger, Harpreet Kaur, Diana Dimitrova, James Gilchrist, Brajesh Agrawal, Mona Elsayed, Stephanie Kohlrus, Angela Andoin, Taylor Darnell, Laura Golden, Barbara Lokaitis, Jenna Seelback, Srikanth Muppidi, Neelam Goyal, Sarada Sakamuri, Yuen T. So, Shirley Paulose, Sabrina Pol, Lesly Welsh, Ratna Bhavaraju-Sanka, Alejandro Tobon Gonzales, Lorraine Dishman, Floyd Jones, Anna Gonzalez, Patricia Padilla, Amy Saklad, Marcela Silva, Mohamed Kazamel, Mohammad Alsharabati, Liang Lu, Kenkichi Nozaki, Sandi Mumfrey-Thomas, Amy Woodall, Tahseen Mozaffar, Tiyonnoh Cash, Namita Goyal, Gulmohor Roy, Veena Mathew, Fatima Maqsood, Brian Minton, H. James Jones, Jeffrey Rosenfeld, Rebekah Garcia, Laura Echevarria, Sonia Garcia, Michael Pulley, Shachie Aranke, Alan Ross Berger, Jaimin Shah, Yasmeen Shabbir, Lisa Smith, Mary Varghese, Laurie Gutmann, Ludwig Gutmann, Nivedita Jerath, Christopher Nance, Andrea Swenson, Heena Olalde, Nicole Kressin, Jeri Sieren, Richard Barohn, Mazen Dimachkie, Melanie Glenn, April McVey, Mamatha Pasnoor, Jeffery Statland, Yunxia Wang, Tina Liu, Kelley Emmons, Nicole Jenci, Jerry Locheke, Alex Fondaw, Kathryn Johns, Gabrielle Rico, Maureen Walsh, Laura Herbelin, Charlene Hafer-Macko, Justin Kwan, Lindsay Zilliox, Karen Callison, Valerie Young, Beth DiSanzo, Kerry Naunton, Michael Benatar, Martin Bilsker, Khema Sharma, Anne Cooley, Eliana Reyes, Sara-Claude Michon, Danielle Sheldon, Julie Steele, James Howard Jr, Manisha Chopra, Rebecca Traub, Tuan Vu, Lara Katzin, Terry McClain, Brittany Harvey, Adam Hart, Kristin Huynh, Said Beydoun, Amaiak Chilingaryan, Victor Doan, Brian Droker, Hui Gong, Sanaz Karimi, Frank Lin, Krishna Pokala, Akshay Shah, Anh Tran, Salma Akhter, Ali Malekniazi, Rup Tandan, Michael Hehir, Waqar Waheed, Shannon Lucy, Michael Weiss, Jane Distad, Susan Strom, Sharon Downing, Bryan Kim, Richard Nowak, Daniel Dicapua, Benison Keung, Aditya Kumar, Huned Patwa, Kimberly Robeson, Irene Yang, Joan Nye, Hong Vu, H., Murai, A., Uzawa, Y., Suzuki, T., Imai, H., Shiraishi, H., Suzuki, M., Okumura, F., O'Brien, J. -J., Wang, K. P., Fujita, K., Utsugisawa, Gabriel Mazia 11, Claudio, Wilken 11, Miguel, Barroso 11, Fabio, Saba 11, Juliet, Rugiero 12, Marcelo, Bettini 12, Mariela, Chaves 12, Marcelo, Vidal 12, Gonzalo, Dalila Garcia 12, Alejandra, De Bleecker 13, Jan, Van den Abeele 13, Guy, de Koning 13, Kathy, De Mey 13, Katrien, Mercelis 14, Rudy, Mahieu 14, Délphine, Wagemaekers 14, Linda, Van Damme 15, Philip, Depreitere 16, Annelie, Schotte 16, Caroline, Smetcoren 16, Charlotte, Stevens 16, Olivier, Van Daele 16, Sien, Vandenbussche 16, Nicola, Vanhee 16, Annelie, Verjans 16, Sarah, Vynckier 16, Jan, D'Hondt 16, Ann, Tilkin 16, Petra, Alves de Siqueira Carvalho 17, Alzira, Dias Brockhausen 17, Igor, Feder 17, David, Ambrosio 17, Daniel, César 17, Pamela, Paula Melo 17, Ana, Martins Ribeiro 17, Renata, Rocha 17, Rosana, Bezerra Rosa 17, Bruno, Veiga 17, Thabata, Augusto da Silva 17, Luiz, Santos Engel 17, Murilo, Gonçalves Geraldo 17, Jordana, da Penha Ananias Morita 18, Maria, Nogueira Coelho 18, Erica, Paiva 18, Gabriel, Pozo 18, Marina, Prando 18, Natalia, Dada Martineli Torres 18, Debora, Fernanda Butinhao 18, Cristiani, Duran 18, Gustavo, Cristina Gomes da Silva 18, Tamire, Otavio Maia Gonçalves 18, Luiz, Eduardo Pazetto 18, Luca, Augusto Suriane Fialho 18, Tomá, Renata Cubas Volpe 18, Luciana, Souza Duca 18, Luciana, Souza Bulle Oliveira 19, Acary, Carolina Amaral Andrade 19, Ana, Annes 19, Marcelo, Duarte Silva 19, Liene, Cavalcante Lino 19, Valeria, Pinto 19, Wladimir, Assis 19, Natália, Carrara 19, Fernanda, Miranda 19, Carolina, Souza 19, Iandra, Fernandes 19, Patricia, Siddiqi 20, Zaeem, Phan 20, Cecile, Narayan 20, Jeffrey, Blackmore 20, Derrick, Mallon 20, Ashley, Roderus 20, Rikki, Watt 20, Elizabeth, Junkerova 21, Jana, Kurkova 21, Barbora, Reguliova 21, Katarina, Zapletalova 21, Olga, Pitha 22, Jiri, Novakova 22, Iveta, Tyblova 22, Michaela, Jurajdova 22, Ivana, Wolfova 22, Marcela, Andersen 23, Henning, Harbo 23, Thoma, Vinge 23, Lotte, Krogh 23, Susanne, Mogensen 23, Anita, Vissing 24, John, Højgaard 24, Joan, Witting 24, Nanna, Mette Ostergaard Autzen 24, Anne, Pedersen 24, Jane, Eralinna 25, Juha-Pekka, Laaksonen 25, Mikko, Oksaranta 25, Olli, Harrison 25, Tuula, Eriksson 25, Jaana, Rozsa 26, Csilla, Horvath 26, Melinda, Lovas 26, Gabor, Matolcsi 26, Judit, Szabo 26, Gyorgyi, Jakab 26, Gedeonne, Szabadosne 26, Brigitta, Antonini 27, Giovanni, Di Pasquale 27, Antonella, Garibaldi 27, Matteo, Morino 27, Stefania, Troili 27, Fernanda, Fionda 27, Laura, Filla, Allessandro, Costabile, Teresa, Marano, Enrico, Sacca', Francesco, Fasanaro, Angiola, Marsili, Angela, Puorro, Giorgia, Mantegazza 29, Renato, Antozzi 29, Carlo, Bonanno 29, Silvia, Camera 29, Giorgia, Locatelli 29, Alberta, Maggi 29, Lorenzo, Pasanisi 29, Maria, Campanella 29, Angela, Evoli 30, Amelia, Emilio Alboini 30, Paolo, D'Amato 30, Valentina, Iorio 30, Raffaele, Kanai 31, Tetsuya, Kawaguchi 31, Naoki, Mori 31, Masahiro, Kaneko 31, Yoko, Kanzaki 31, Akiko, Kobayashi 31, Eri, Masaki 32, Katsuhisa, Matsuse 32, Dai, Matsushita 32, Takuya, Uehara 32, Taira, Shimpo 32, Misa, Jingu 32, Maki, Kikutake 32, Keiko, Nakamura 32, Yumiko, Sano 32, Yoshiko, Nagane 33, Yuriko, Kamegamori 33, Ikuko, Tsuda 33, Tomoko, Fujii 33, Yuko, Futono 33, Kazumi, Ozawa 33, Yukiko, Mizugami 33, Aya, Saito 33, Yuka, Morikawa 34, Miyuki, Samukawa 34, Makoto, Kamakura 34, Sachiko, Miyawaki 34, Eriko, Mitazaki 35, Teiichiro, Motomura 35, Masakatsu, Mukaino 35, Akihiro, Yoshimura 35, Shunsuke, Asada 35, Shizuka, Yoshida 35, Seiko, Amamoto 35, Shoko, Kobashikawa 35, Tomomi, Koga 35, Megumi, Maeda 35, Yasuko, Takada 35, Kazumi, Takada 35, Mihoko, Tsurumaru 35, Masako, Yamashita 35, Yumi, Akiyama 36, Tetsuya, Narikawa 36, Koichi, Tano 36, Ohito, Tsukita 36, Kenichi, Kurihara 36, Rikako, Meguro 36, Fumie, Fukuda 36, Yusuke, Sato 36, Miwako, Funaka 37, Soichiro, Kawamura 37, Tomohiro, Makamori 37, Masayuki, Takahashi 37, Masanori, Taichi 37, Namie, Hasuike 37, Tomoya, Higuchi 37, Eriko, Kobayashi 37, Hisako, Osakada 37, Kaori, Tsuda 38, Emiko, Shimohama 38, Shun, Hayashi 38, Takashi, Hisahara 38, Shin, Kawamata 38, Jun, Murahara 38, Takashi, Saitoh 38, Masaki, Suzuki 38, Shuichiro, Yamamoto 38, Daisuke, Ishiyama 38, Yoko, Ishiyama 38, Naoko, Noshiro 38, Mayuko, Takeyama 38, Rumi, Uwasa 38, Kaori, Yasuda 38, Ikuko, van der Kooi 39, Anneke, de Visser 39, Marianne, Gibson 39, Tamar, Casasnovas 40, Carlo, Antonia Alberti Aguilo 40, Maria, Homedes-Pedret 40, Christian, Julia Palacios 40, Natalia, Diez Porras 40, Laura, Velez Santamaria 40, Valentina, Lazaro 40, Ana, Diez Tejedor 41, Exuperio, Gomez Salcedo 41, Pilar, Fernandez-Fournier 41, Mireya, Lopez Ruiz 41, Pedro, Javier Rodriguez de Rivera 41, Francisco, Sastre 41, Maria, Gamez 42, Josep, Sune 42, Pilar, Salvado 42, Maria, Gili 42, Gisela, Mazuela 42, Gonzalo, Illa 43, Isabel, Cortes Vicente 43, Elena, Diaz-Manera 43, Jordi, Antonio Querol Gutierrez 43, Lui, Rojas Garcia 43, Ricardo, Vidal 43, Nuria, Arribas-Ibar 43, Elisabet, Piehl 44, Fredrik, Hietala 44, Albert, Bjarbo 44, Lena, Sengun 45, Ihsan, Meherremova 45, Arzu, Ozcelik 45, Pinar, Balkan 45, Bengu, Tuga 45, Celal, Ugur 45, Muzeyyen, Erdem-Ozdamar 46, Sevim, Ebru Bekircan-Kurt 46, Can, Pinar Acar 46, Nazire, Yilmaz 46, Ezgi, Caliskan 46, Yagmur, Orsel 46, Gulsah, Efendi 47, Husnu, Aydinlik 47, Seda, Cavus 47, Hakan, Kutlu 47, Ayse, Becerikli 47, Gulsah, Semiz 47, Cansu, Tun 47, Ozlem, Terzi 48, Murat, Dogan 48, Baki, Kazim Onar 48, Musa, Sen 48, Sedat, Kirbas Cavdar 48, Tugce, Veske 48, Adife, Norwood 49, Fiona, Dimitriou 49, Aikaterini, Gollogly 49, Jakit, Mahdi-Rogers 49, Mohamed, Seddigh 49, Arshira, Sokratous 49, Gianni, Maier 49, Gal, Sohail 49, Faisal, Jacob 50, Saiju, Sadalage 50, Girija, Torane 50, Pravin, Brown 50, Claire, Shah 50, Amna, Sathasivam 51, Sivakumar, Arndt 51, Heike, Davies 51, Debbie, Watling 51, Dave, Amato 52, Anthony, Cochrane 52, Thoma, Salajegheh 52, Mohammed, Roe 52, Kristen, Amato 52, Katherine, Toska 52, Shirli, Wolfe 53, Gil, Silvestri 53, Nichola, Patrick 53, Kara, Zakalik 53, Karen, Katz 54, Jonathan, Miller 54, Robert, Engel 54, Marguerite, Forshew 54, Dalla, Bravver 55, Elena, Brooks 55, Benjamin, Plevka 55, Sarah, Burdette 55, Maryanne, Cunningham 55, Scott, Sanjak 55, Mohammad, Kramer 55, Megan, Nemeth 55, Joanne, Schommer 55, Clara, Tierney 55, Scott, Juel 56, Vern, Guptill 56, Jeffrey, Hobson-Webb 56, Lisa, Massey 56, Janice, Beck 56, Kate, Carnes 56, Donna, Loor 56, John, Anderson 56, Amanda, Pascuzzi 57, Robert, Bodkin 57, Cynthia, Kincaid 57, John, Snook 57, Riley, Guingrich 57, Sandra, Micheels 57, Angela, Chaudhry 58, Vinay, Corse 58, Andrea, Mosmiller 58, Betsy, Kelley 58, Andrea, Ho 59, Doreen, Srinivasan 59, Jayashri, Vytopil 59, Michal, Jara 59, Jordan, Ventura 59, Nichola, Scala 59, Stephanie, Carter 59, Cynthia, Donahue 59, Craig, Herbert 59, Carol, Weiner 59, Elaine, Alam 59, Sharmeen, McKinnon 60, Jonathan, Haar 60, Laura, McKinnon 60, Naya, Alcon 60, Karan, McKenna 60, Kaitlyn, Sattar 60, Nadia, Daniels 60, Kevin, Jeffery 60, Denni, Freimer 61, Miriam, Chad Hoyle 61, Joseph, Kissel 61, John, Agriesti 61, Julie, Chelnick 61, Sharon, Mezache 61, Louisa, Pineda 61, Colleen, Muharrem 61, Filiz, Karam 62, Chafic, Khoury 62, Julie, Marburger 62, Tessa, Kaur 62, Harpreet, Dimitrova 62, Diana, Gilchrist 63, Jame, Agrawal 63, Brajesh, Elsayed 63, Mona, Kohlrus 63, Stephanie, Andoin 63, Angela, Darnell 63, Taylor, Golden 63, Laura, Lokaitis 63, Barbara, Seelback 63, Jenna, Muppidi 64, Srikanth, Goyal 64, Neelam, Sakamuri 64, Sarada, T So 64, Yuen, Paulose 64, Shirley, Pol 64, Sabrina, Welsh 64, Lesly, Bhavaraju-Sanka 65, Ratna, Tobon Gonzales 65, Alejandro, Dishman 65, Lorraine, Jones 65, Floyd, Gonzalez 65, Anna, Padilla 65, Patricia, Saklad 65, Amy, Silva 65, Marcela, Kazamel 66, Mohamed, Alsharabati 66, Mohammad, Lu 66, Liang, Nozaki 66, Kenkichi, Mumfrey-Thomas 66, Sandi, Woodall 66, Amy, Mozaffar 67, Tahseen, Cash 67, Tiyonnoh, Goyal 67, Namita, Roy 67, Gulmohor, Mathew 67, Veena, Maqsood 67, Fatima, Minton 67, Brian, James Jones 68, H, Rosenfeld 68, Jeffrey, Garcia 68, Rebekah, Echevarria 68, Laura, Garcia 68, Sonia, Pulley 69, Michael, Aranke 69, Shachie, Ross Berger 69, Alan, Shah 69, Jaimin, Shabbir 69, Yasmeen, Smith 69, Lisa, Varghese 69, Mary, Gutmann 70, Laurie, Gutmann 70, Ludwig, Jerath 70, Nivedita, Nance 70, Christopher, Swenson 70, Andrea, Olalde 70, Heena, Kressin 70, Nicole, Sieren 70, Jeri, Barohn 71, Richard, Dimachkie 71, Mazen, Glenn 71, Melanie, McVey 71, April, Pasnoor 71, Mamatha, Statland 71, Jeffery, Wang 71, Yunxia, Liu 71, Tina, Emmons 71, Kelley, Jenci 71, Nicole, Locheke 71, Jerry, Fondaw 71, Alex, Johns 71, Kathryn, Rico 71, Gabrielle, Walsh 71, Maureen, Herbelin 71, Laura, Hafer-Macko 72, Charlene, Kwan 72, Justin, Zilliox 72, Lindsay, Callison 72, Karen, Young 72, Valerie, DiSanzo 72, Beth, Naunton 72, Kerry, Benatar 73, Michael, Bilsker 73, Martin, Sharma 73, Khema, Cooley 73, Anne, Reyes 73, Eliana, Michon 73, Sara-Claude, Sheldon 73, Danielle, Steele 73, Julie, Howard Jr 74, Jame, Karam 74, Chafic, Chopra 74, Manisha, Traub 74, Rebecca, Vu 75, Tuan, Katzin 75, Lara, McClain 75, Terry, Harvey 75, Brittany, Hart 75, Adam, Huynh 75, Kristin, Beydoun 76, Said, Chilingaryan 76, Amaiak, Doan 76, Victor, Droker 76, Brian, Gong 76, Hui, Karimi 76, Sanaz, Lin 76, Frank, McClain 76, Terry, Pokala 76, Krishna, Shah 76, Akshay, Tran 76, Anh, Akhter 76, Salma, Malekniazi 76, Ali, Tandan 77, Rup, Hehir 77, Michael, Waheed 77, Waqar, Lucy 77, Shannon, Weiss 78, Michael, Distad 78, Jane, Strom 78, Susan, Downing 78, Sharon, Kim 78, Bryan, Nowak 79, Richard, Dicapua 79, Daniel, Keung 79, Benison, Kumar 79, Aditya, Patwa 79, Huned, Robeson 79, Kimberly, Yang 79, Irene, Nye 79, Joan, and Hong Vu

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Myasthenia gravi, Open-label extension study, Complement inhibitor, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Japan, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myasthenia gravis, education.field_of_study, MG-ADL, Japanese patient, Eculizumab, Middle Aged, HLA, MG-QoL15, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, COMPLEMENT INHIBITOR ECULIZUMAB, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Clinical Neurology, Subgroup analysis, Placebo, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, 03 medical and health sciences, Refractory, Asian People, Myasthenia Gravis, Humans, education, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Neurosciences, medicine.disease, Complement Inactivating Agents, Japanese patients, ONSET, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab was shown to improve myasthenia gravis-related symptoms in the 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled REGAIN study (NCT01997229). In this 52-week sub-analysis of the open-label extension of REGAIN (NCT02301624), eculizumab's efficacy and safety were assessed in 11 Japanese and 88 Caucasian patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalized myasthenia gravis. For patients who had received placebo during REGAIN, treatment with open-label eculizumab resulted in generally similar outcomes in the Japanese and Caucasian populations. Rapid improvements were maintained for 52 weeks, assessed by change in score from open-label extension baseline to week 52 (mean [standard error]) using the following scales (in Japanese and Caucasian patients, respectively): Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (-2.4 [1.34] and - 3.3 [0.65]); Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (-2.9 [1.98] and - 4.3 [0.79]); Myasthenia Gravis Composite (-4.5 [2.63] and - 4.9 [1.19]); and Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15-item questionnaire (-8.6 [5.68] and - 6.5 [1.93]). Overall, the safety of eculizumab was consistent with its known safety profile. In this interim sub-analysis, the efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Japanese and Caucasian patients were generally similar, and consistent with the overall REGAIN population. ispartof: JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES vol:407 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published

Published
2019

12. Autorinnen und Autoren

Author

Wiebke Ahrens, Michael A. Baumann, Rolf Behrens, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Hansjosef Böhles, Jürgen H. Brämswig, Ulrich Brandl, Rolf E. Brenner, Konrad Brockmeier, Rainer Büscher, Michael Diestelhorst, Gerd Dockter, Manfred Döpfner, Helmuth Günther Dörr, Hans Edmund Eckel, Peter Edelmann, Franz F. Eifinger, Udo H. Engelmann, Manigé Fartasch, Dietrich Feist, Gerhard Gaedicke, Manfred Gahr, Gerd Ganser, Alexander von Gontard, Klaus-Peter Grosse, Annette Grüters-Kieslich, Berthold P. Hauffa, Ulrich Heininger, Peter Herkenrath, Michael Hofbeck, Reinhard W. Holl, Alexander M. Holschneider, Bernd Hoppe, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Gabriele Jopp-Petzinna, Bärbel Kahl-Nieke, Klaus-Michael Keller, Martin Kirschstein, Günter Klaus, Lars Klinge, Berthold Koletzko, Sibylle Koletzko, Martin Konrad, Bernhard Korge, Christof Land, Heinz Lauffer, Gerd Lehmkuhl, Michael J. Lentze, Bernhard Lettgen, Christoph Licht, Esther Lowden, Johannes Luckhaus, Dietrich Michalk, Jan Müller-Berghaus, Dirk E. Müller-Wiefel, Emil G. Naumann, Gerhard Neuhäuser, Walter Nützenadel, Ekkehart Paditz, Carl-Joachim Partsch, Karl Paul, Frank Pillekamp, Uwe Querfeld, Michael B. Ranke, Wolfgang Rascher, Frank Riedel, Ernst Rietschel, Bernhard Roth, Walter Rüssmann, Jürgen Rütt, Ulrike Schauseil-Zipf, Eckhard Schönau, Elke Schubert, Bernd Schwahn, Lothar Schweigerer, Hannsjörg W. Seyberth, Thorsten Simon, Helmut Singer, Gernot H.G. Sinnecker, Stephan Sollberg, Wolfgang Sperl, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Michael Streppel, Anton H. Sutor†, Michael A. Überall, Herbert E. Ulmer, Thomas Voit, Martin Wabitsch, Ulrich Wahn, Siegfried Waldegger, Martin Walger, Hasso von Wedel, Ulla-Christiane von Wedel, Michael Weiß, Gerhard Weißbach, Brigitte Widemann, Stefan Wirth, Joachim E. Zöller, and Torsten Zuberbier

Published
2011
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13. Molecular Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Author

Michael Weiß and Markus Göker

Subjects
Systematics, Phylogenetic tree, Evolutionary biology, Phylogenomics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zoology, Taxonomy (biology), Eukaryote, Phylogenetic network, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Genome
Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on DNA analyses through phylogenetic analyses of amino acid sequences and other kinds of molecular data. Molecular phylogenetic reconstruction has become the decisive tool in systematics and taxonomy, and began to be used for yeasts earlier than in any other eukaryotic group. The approach is straightforward in a discipline of systematic biology where living strains are preserved for each described species, and morphological characters that delimit species are sparse. The partial rDNA sequences are available for each yeast species. The first sequenced genome of a eukaryote was that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and subsequently, more genomes have been sequenced in ascomycetous yeasts than for any other group of eukaryotes, making these organisms the most intensively studied group in phylogenomics. Phylogenetic hypotheses are most frequently illustrated in tree-shaped graphs, consisting of nodes (which represent species), and branches (which determine the ancestor relationships). The terminal nodes of a tree represent the extant species from which the molecular sequences were derived; the inner nodes represent hypothetical ancestral species.

Published
2011
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14. Contributors

Author

Feng-Yan Bai, Robert J. Bandoni, Roma Batra, Meredith Blackwell, Teun Boekhout, Kyria Boundy-Mills, Stanley Brul, Neza Cadez, Chee-Jen Chen, Chester R. Cooper, Melanie T. Cushion, Piet W.J. de Groot, G. Sybren de Hoog, Carlos Echavarri-Erasun, Jack W. Fell, Graham H. Fleet, Álvaro Fonseca, Markus Göker, Wladyslav I. Golubev, Eveline Guého-Kellermann, Makiko Hamamoto, Yasuko Hannafusa, João Inácio, Stephen James, Wojciech J. Janisiewicz, Eric A. Johnson, Scott P. Keely, Julia Kerrigan, Roland Kirschner, Frans M. Klis, Johan L.F. Kock, Cletus P. Kurtzman, Kyung J. Kwon-Chung, Marc-André Lachance, Ksenija Lopandic, David Malloch, Rosa Margesin, Alessandro Martini, Martin W. Miller, Wally H. Müller, Takashi Nakase, Nhu H. Nguyen, Hiromi Nishida, Franz Oberwinkler, Roger W. Payne, Gabor Péter, Herman J. Phaff, David N. Phalen, Jure Piškur, R. Scott Pore, Gandham S. Prasad, Hansjörg Prillinger, Vincent Robert, Miguel G. Rodrigues, Carlos A. Rosa, E. Rozpędowska, José Paulo Sampaio, David A. Schisler, Gloria Scorzetti, Maudy Th. Smith, William T. Starmer, Adele Statzell-Tallman, Malcolm Stratford, Takashi Sugita, Junta Sugiyama, Sung-Oui Suh, Motofumi Suzuki, Masako Takashima, Elizabeth K. Tomazewski, Ida van der Klei, Ann Vaughan-Martini, Kenneth G.A. van Driel, Marten Veenhuis, Michael Weiss, Ken Wolfe, and Michael Wuczkowski

Published
2011
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15. Adressenverzeichnis

Author

Michael Böhm, Michael Hallek, Wolff Schmiegel, Guido Adler, Ali-Asa Alexander Aghdassi, Hans-Dieter Allescher, Bruno Allolio, Peter Angerer, C.E. Angermann, Christina Bähr, Daniel C. Baumgart, Claudia Bausewein, F. Ulrich Beil, Dirk Beuckelmann, Felix Beuschlein, Eberhard Blind, Christoph Bode, Ulrich Bogdahn, Christian Bojarski, Carsten Bokemeyer, Peter Bottermann, Thorsten Brechmann, Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester, Meinhard Classen, Oliver Cornely, Paula Cramer, Bodo Cremers, Volker Diehl, Annette Dieing, Markus Dietlein, Hartmut Döhner, Manfred O. Doss, A. Dünne, Andreas Engert, Georg Ertl, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Jürgen Floege, Andreas Franke, N. Frickhofen, Th. Gain, Jan Galle, Peter R. Galle, Birgit Gathof, Angela Gause, Guido Gerken, Beate Gleissner, Burkhard Göke, Rüdiger Göke, Ullrich Graeven, A. Greinacher, Friedrich Grimminger, Wolfgang Ludwig Gross, Peter Gross, Frank Grünhage, Andreas Günther, Peter Hanrath, Werner E. Hansen, Pia Hartmann, M. Haupts, Dieter Häussinger, Ekkehart Heidbreder, Michael Heike, Robert Heinrich, Stephan Heller, Bernhard Hellmich, Stefan Heringlake, Andreas Hochhaus, Stephan Hollerbach, Uta C. Hoppe, Walter H. Hörl, Dieter Horstkotte, Frank Isken, Rolf-Dieter Issels, Franz Jakob, Tomas Jelinek, Christoph Jochum, Stephan Kanzler, U. Keilholz, Michael Kindermann, Beate Klimm, Günther Klotz, Stefan Tobias Knop, Kurt Kochsiek, Volker Köllner, Hans-Jochem Kolb, Christian Kollmannsberger, Matthias Kraft, Karl-Anton Kreuzer, Heyo Kroemer, Wolfgang Kruis, Markus Kuczyk, Uwe Kühl, Anja Kwetkat, Frank Lammert, Hauke Lang, Ulrich Laufs, Wolfgang Lepper, Markus Lerch, Andreas Link, Andreas van de Loo, Carmen Loquai, Christoph Maack, Michael Peter Manns, Uta Merle, Christian Mewis, null Mertens, Susanne Milhorst, Martin Moser, Harald Morr, Joachim Mössner, Bruno Neu, Horst Neuhaus, Georg Nickenig, Eberhard Nieschlag, Thurid Nolte, Dennis Nowak, Horst Olschewski, Catrin Palm, Klaus G. Parhofer, R. Paschke, Georg Peters, Andreas Pfeiffer, Johannes Pfeilschifter, Michael Pfreundschuh, Michael Philipper, Gerd Pommer, Kurt Possinger, Christian Pox, Lukas Radbruch, Guliano Ramadori, Frank Reichenberger, Anke Reinacher-Schick, Martin Reincke, Marcel Reiser, Markus Reiser, Dieter Rosskopf, Andrea Rubbert, Bernd Salzberger, Tilman Sauerbruch, Ludwig Schaaf, V. Schächinger, Wolfgang von Scheidt, Sebastian Schellong, W. Schepp, Harald Schicha, Uwe Siegfried Schlegel, Roland Schmid, Heinz-Josef Schmitt, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Jürgen Schölmerich, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss, Richard Schulz, Heribert Schunkert, Werner Seeger, Harald Seifert, Hanns Martin Seitz (Emeritus), H. Serve, Kai Severin, Dirk Skowasch, Michael Spannagl, Peter Staib, Ulrich Stölzel, Christian Straßburg, W. Stremmel, Norbert Suttorp, Christian von Tirpitz, Joachim Thiery, Christian Trautwein, Klaus-Henning Usadel, Hans-Georg Velcovsky, Ulrich Wahnschaffe, Hans-Dieter Walmrath, Ronald Walshe, Christoph Wanner, Hermann Wasmuth, Joachim Weil, Michael Weiß, Clemens Wendtner, Jochen A. Werner, Bertram Wiedenmann, Jörg Willert, Jürgen Wolf, Andreas Zeiher, Martin Zeitz, Stefan Zeuzem, Walter Zidek, Thomas Zilker, Michael Zitzmann, and Carsten Zwick

Published
2009
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16. Deep convolutional neural networks: Outperforming established algorithms in the evaluation of industrial optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of pharmaceutical coatings

Author

Matthias Wolfgang, Michael Weißensteiner, Phillip Clarke, Wen-Kai Hsiao, and Johannes G. Khinast

Subjects
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Optical coherence tomography (OCT), Image segmentation, Coating layer thickness, Single- and multi-layered coatings, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

This paper presents a novel evaluation approach for optical coherence tomography (OCT) image analysis of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). As a proof of concept, CNNs were applied to image data from both, in- and at-line OCT implementations, monitoring film-coated tablets as well as single- and multi-layered pellets. CNN results were compared against results from established algorithms based on ellipse-fitting, as well as to human-annotated ground truth data. Performance benchmarks used include, efficiency (computation speed), sensitivity (number of detections from a defined test set) and accuracy (deviation from the reference method). The results were validated by comparing the output of several algorithms to data manually annotated by human experts and microscopy images of cross-sectional cuts of the same dosage forms as a reference method. In order to guarantee comparability for all results, the algorithms were executed on the same hardware. Since modern OCT systems must operate under real-time conditions in order to be implemented in-line into manufacturing lines, the necessary steps are discussed on how to achieve this goal without sacrificing the algorithmic performance and how to tailor a deep CNN to cope with the high amount of image noise and alterations in object appearance. The developed deep learning approach outperforms static algorithms currently available in pharma applications with respect to performance benchmarks, and represents the next level in real time evaluation of challenging industrial OCT image data.

Published
2020
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17. Factors which abolish hypoglycemic seizures do not increase cerebral glycogen content in vitro

Author

Peter A. Abdelmalik, Philip Liang, Michael Weisspapir, Marina Samoilova, W. McIntyre Burnham, and Peter L. Carlen

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

The brain is heavily dependant on glucose for its function and survival. Hypoglycemia can have severe, irreversible consequences, including seizures, coma and death. However, the in vivo content of brain glycogen, the storage form of glucose, is meager and is a function of both neuronal activity and glucose concentration. In the intact in vitro hippocampus isolated from mice aged postnatal days 8–13, we have recently characterized a novel model of hypoglycemic seizures, wherein seizures were abolished by various neuroprotective strategies. We had hypothesized that these strategies might act, in part, by increasing cerebral glycogen content. In the present experiments, it was found that neither decreasing temperature nor increasing glucose concentrations (above 2 mM) significantly increased hippocampal glycogen content. Preparations of isolated frontal neocortex in vitro do not produce hypoglycemic seizures yet it was found they contained significantly lower glycogen content as compared to the isolated intact hippocampus. Further, the application of either TTX, or a cocktail containing APV, CNQX and gabazine, to block synaptic activity, did not increase, but paradoxically decreased, hippocampal glycogen content in the isolated intact hippocampus. Significant decreases in glycogen were noted when neuronal activity was increased via incubation with l-aspartate (500 μM) or low Mg2+. Lastly, we examined the incidence of hypoglycemic seizures in hippocampi isolated from mice aged 15–19 and 22–24 days, and compared it to the incidence of hypoglycemic seizures of hippocampi isolated from mice aged 8–13 days described previously (Abdelmalik et al., 2007 Neurobiol Dis 26(3):646–660). It was noted that hypoglycemic seizures were generated less frequently, and had less impact on synaptic transmission in hippocmpi from PD 22–24 as compared to hippocampi from mice PD 15–19 or PD 8–13. However, hippocampi from 8- to 13-day-old mice had significantly more glycogen than the other two age groups. The present data suggest that none of the interventions which abolish hypoglycemic seizures increases glycogen content, and that low glycogen content, per se, may not predispose to the generation of hypoglycemic seizures.

Published
2008
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18. NATURE OF THE PROTEIN CORE OF BOVINE, OVINE AND PORCINE SUBMAXILLARY MUCINS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS**This work has been supported by a grant (AM-04619) from the National Institute for Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, U.S. Public Health Service

Author

Fred Downs, Ward Pigman, Michael Weiss, and John Moschera

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Golgi membrane, Biochemistry, biology, chemistry, Mucin, Protein biosynthesis, biology.protein, Protein core, Ribosome, Specific enzyme, Polymerase, Amino acid
Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the nature of the protein core of bovine, ovine, and porcine submaxillary mucins and describes its implications for protein synthesis. Protein biosynthesis occurs by a two-step mechanism involving the formation of small peptides at the ribosomes and their assembly by polymerases at the Golgi membrane. The existence of homologous peptides and proteins in the mucins from individual glands has important consequences for the concept of evolutionary processes. The lack of blood group activity for the inactive mucin can be expected to arise from the presence of carbohydrate chains shorter than for those for the H and A types. A limited number of synthesizing sites for peptides, containing 16 to 30 amino acids, can produce a pool of peptides from which an unlimited number of proteins can be assembled at a specific enzyme site for each protein. Specific short sequences needed for a particular function—for example, the basic chains of histones—can be separately synthesized and incorporated.

Published
1970
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19. Hypoglycemic seizures during transient hypoglycemia exacerbate hippocampal dysfunction

Author

Peter A. Abdelmalik, Patrick Shannon, Adelaide Yiu, Philip Liang, Yana Adamchik, Michael Weisspapir, Marina Samoilova, W. McIntyre Burnham, and Peter L. Carlen

Subjects
Diabetes, Insulin, Electrophysiology, Aspartate, Glycolysis, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Severe hypoglycemia constitutes a medical emergency, involving seizures, coma and death. We hypothesized that seizures, during limited substrate availability, aggravate hypoglycemia-induced brain damage. Using immature isolated, intact hippocampi and frontal neocortical blocks subjected to low glucose perfusion, we characterized hypoglycemic (neuroglycopenic) seizures in vitro during transient hypoglycemia and their effects on synaptic transmission and glycogen content. Hippocampal hypoglycemic seizures were always followed by an irreversible reduction (>60% loss) in synaptic transmission and were occasionally accompanied by spreading depression-like events. Hypoglycemic seizures occurred more frequently with decreasing “hypoglycemic” extracellular glucose concentrations. In contrast, no hypoglycemic seizures were generated in the neocortex during transient hypoglycemia, and the reduction of synaptic transmission was reversible (

Published
2007
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