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Introduction: Glenohumeral septic arthritis is most caused by hematogenous seeding of the joint by S. Aureus, and also as a result of previous surgery or intra-articular injection. Although rare, septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint has poor prognosis. In patients who survive the infection, the potential to cause rapid and catastrophic damage to articular cartilage, frequently causes lifelong morbidity. Methods: Four consecutive patients (five shoulders) treated at our institution between December 2019 to September 2020 were identified for the study. Medical records were reviewed, and basic demographics of the patient series included age, sex, race, BMI were collected. Information such as comorbidities, inciting injuries, history of presentation, examination findings, biochemical results, radiological findings, aspiration results and cultures, intra-operative findings, as well as blood cultures were extracted. Results: Four patients (age range of 65–83 years old) underwent a single arthroscopic washout of the glenohumeral joint. All four patients (3 female, 1 male) presented with acute swollen should joint/s with raised inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP and WBC). Staph Aureus was identified in 50% (n ​= ​2) of the cases with Mycobacterium Kansasii and Group B Streptococcus isolated in the other 2 patients. Half of the cases (n ​= ​2) were deemed to be caused by direct spread of pathogens whereas the other half of the cases (n ​= ​2) were deemed to be due to hematogenous spread. All patients exhibit resolution of clinical infection following the treatment. MRI were done for all patients which aided in the diagnosis of a septic shoulder joint. Conclusion: Our case series shown that single arthroscopic washout and debridement provides acceptable to good short-term outcomes for septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint. In this case series, the authors have found MRI to be a useful radiographic aid to diagnosis. Level of evidence: Case series.

Summary: A recurrent chromosomal translocation found in acute myeloid leukemia leads to an in-frame fusion of the transcription repressor ZMYND11 to MBTD1, a subunit of the NuA4/TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex. To understand the abnormal molecular events that ZMYND11-MBTD1 expression can create, we perform a biochemical and functional characterization comparison to each individual fusion partner. ZMYND11-MBTD1 is stably incorporated into the endogenous NuA4/TIP60 complex, leading to its mislocalization on the body of genes normally bound by ZMYND11. This can be correlated to increased chromatin acetylation and altered gene transcription, most notably on the MYC oncogene, and alternative splicing. Importantly, ZMYND11-MBTD1 expression favors Myc-driven pluripotency during embryonic stem cell differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Altogether, these results indicate that the ZMYND11-MBTD1 fusion functions primarily by mistargeting the NuA4/TIP60 complex to the body of genes, altering normal transcription of specific genes, likely driving oncogenesis in part through the Myc regulatory network.

Summary: Despite a surge in the preclinical development of immunotherapies, current models are unable to predict putative toxicity, particularly the “on-target, off-tumor” effects of these therapeutics. To address this gap, we used a humanized mouse model of hematopoiesis to examine the toxicity profile of CAR-Ts targeting brain tumor-antigens also expressed in the hematopoietic system. In assessing the safety of cell-based therapies, we aim to develop and integrate a preclinical evaluation protocol as a necessary step in the clinical development pathway.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Vora et al. (2020).

We have recently reported that CYB5D2 plays a role in suppression of cervical cancer tumorigenesis, “CYB5D2 displays tumor suppression activities towards cervical cancer” [1]. We provide the accompany data here describing the effects of CYB5D2 overexpression and addition of recombinant CYB5D2 on HeLa cell cycle distribution. Furthermore, we will present the conditions used to specifically determine CYB5D2 expression in primary cervical and cervical cancer tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the patient cohort involved in assessing the CYB5D2 protein levels in primary cervical and cervical cancer tissues.