1. Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study
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Tarun Bhatnagar, Sirshendu Chaudhuri, Manickam Ponnaiah, Pragya D Yadav, R Sabarinathan, Rima R Sahay, Faheem Ahmed, S Aswathy, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Anil Bilimale, M Santhosh Kumar, M. Logaraj, Uday Narlawar, C Palanivel, Prakash Patel, Sanjay K Rai, Vartika Saxena, Arvind Singh, Jeromie WV Thangaraj, Ashwini Agarwal, Yasir Alvi, Amoghashree, P Ashok, Dinesh Babu, Yogesh Bahurupi, Sangita Bhalavi, Priyamadhaba Behera, Priyanka Pandit Biswas, Jaykaran Charan, Nishant Kumar Chauhan, KB Chetak, Lalit Dar, Ayan Das, R Deepashree, Minakshi Dhar, Rahul Dhodapkar, TS Dipu, Mridu Dudeja, Manisha Dudhmal, Ravisekhar Gadepalli, Mahendra Kumar Garg, AV Gayathri, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, H Basavana Gowdappa, Randeep Guleria, Manoj Kumar Gupta, Farzana Islam, Mannu Jain, Vineet Jain, M Lanord Stanley Jawahar, Rajendra Joshi, Shashi Kant, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Deepjyoti Kalita, Meenakshi Khapre, Satyendra Khichar, Sarika Prabhakar Kombade, Sunil Kohli, Abhinendra Kumar, Anil Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Kiran G Kulirankal, KV Leela, Triparna Majumdar, Baijayantimala Mishra, Puneet Misra, Sanjeev Misra, Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra, M Narayana Murthy, Dimpal A Nyayanit, Manish Patel, Monika Pathania, Savita Patil, Binod Kumar Patro, Ramniwas Jalandra, Pragati Rathod, Naimesh Shah, Anita Shete, Deepak Shukla, M Shwethashree, Smita Sinha, MN Sumana, Ashish Surana, Anjan Trikha, A Tejashree, Mahalingam Venkateshan, G Vijaykrishnan, Sarita Wadhava, Naveet Wig, Nivedita Gupta, Priya Abraham, and Manoj V Murhekar
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COVID-19 vaccines ,BBV152/Covaxin ,AZD1222/Covishield ,Delta variant ,Effectiveness ,India ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objectives: India introduced BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines in January 2021. We estimated the effectiveness of these vaccines against severe COVID-19 among individuals aged ≥45 years. Methods: We did a multi-centric, hospital-based, case-control study between May and July 2021. Cases were severe COVID-19 patients, and controls were COVID-19 negative individuals from 11 hospitals. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for complete (2 doses ≥ 14 days) and partial (1 dose ≥ 21 days) vaccination; interval between two vaccine doses and vaccination against the Delta variant. We used the random effects logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for relevant known confounders. Results: We enrolled 1143 cases and 2541 control patients. The VE of complete vaccination was 85% (95% CI: 79-89%) with AZD1222/Covishield and 71% (95% CI: 57-81%) with BBV152/Covaxin. The VE was highest for 6-8 weeks between two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (94%, 95% CI: 86-97%) and BBV152/Covaxin (93%, 95% CI: 34-99%). The VE estimates were similar against the Delta strain and sub-lineages. Conclusion: BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield were effective against severe COVID-19 among the Indian population during the period of dominance of the highly transmissible Delta variant in the second wave of the pandemic. An escalation of two-dose coverage with COVID-19 vaccines is critical to reduce severe COVID-19 and further mitigate the pandemic in the country.
- Published
- 2022
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