1. Complex Segmental Duplications Mediate a Recurrent dup(X)(p11.22-p11.23) Associated with Mental Retardation, Speech Delay, and EEG Anomalies in Males and Females
- Author
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Sebastiano A. Musumeci, Freddie H. Sharkey, Roberto Giorda, Orsetta Zuffardi, Isabella Fiocchi, Bruno Leheup, Luigina Spaccini, M. Clara Bonaglia, Graeme C.M. Black, Massimo Mastrangelo, Elena Fontana, Jill Clayton-Smith, Susan Marelli, Francesca Novara, Daniela Di Benedetto, Marco Seri, Sally Ann Lynch, Emanuela Avola, Claudio Zucca, Paolo Tinuper, Girolamo Aurelio Vitello, Rita Grasso, Marco Fichera, Philippe Jonveaux, Pinella Failla, Silvana Beri, Claudia Torniero, Lucia Castiglia, Bernardo Dalla Bernardina, Pamela Magini, Jill E. Urquhart, Francesca Bisulli, Corrado Romano, Santina Reitano, Giorda R., Bonaglia M.C., Beri S., Fichera M., Novara F., Magini P., Urquhart J., Sharkey F.H., Zucca C., Grasso R., Marelli S., Castiglia L., Di Benedetto D., Musumeci S.A., Vitello G.A., Failla P., Reitano S., Avola E., Bisulli F., Tinuper P., Mastrangelo M., Fiocchi I., Spaccini L., Torniero C., Fontana E., Lynch S.A., Clayton-Smith J., Black G., Jonveaux P., Leheup B., Seri M., Romano C., dalla Bernardina B., and Zuffardi O.
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Audiology ,Electroencephalography ,Biology ,mental retardation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Report ,Gene Duplication ,Intellectual Disability ,dup(X)(p11.22-p11.23) ,EEG anomalies ,Gene duplication ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetics(clinical) ,Language Development Disorders ,Genetics (clinical) ,X chromosome ,030304 developmental biology ,Segmental duplication ,Chromosomes, Human, X ,0303 health sciences ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,030305 genetics & heredity ,medicine.disease ,Pedigree ,Developmental disorder ,Speech delay ,dup ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Erratum ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Comparative genomic hybridization - Abstract
Submicroscopic copy-number variations make a considerable contribution to the genetic etiology of human disease. We have analyzed subjects with idiopathic mental retardation (MR) by using whole-genome oligonucleotide-based array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and identified familial and de novo recurrent Xp11.22-p11.23 duplications in males and females with MR, speech delay, and a peculiar electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern in childhood. The size of the duplications ranges from 0.8-9.2 Mb. Most affected females show preferential activation of the duplicated X chromosome. Carriers of the smallest duplication show X-linked recessive inheritance. All other affected individuals present dominant expression and comparable clinical phenotypes irrespective of sex, duplication size, and X-inactivation pattern. The majority of the rearrangements are mediated by recombination between flanking complex segmental duplications. The identification of common clinical features, including the typical EEG pattern, predisposing genomic structure, and peculiar X-inactivation pattern, suggests that duplication of Xp11.22-p11.23 constitutes a previously undescribed syndrome.
- Published
- 2009