6 results on '"Schmid, Yasmin"'
Search Results
2. Acute effects of lysergic acid diethylamide in healthy subjects
- Author
-
Schmid, Yasmin, Enzler, Florian, Gasser, Peter, Grouzmann, Eric, Preller, Katrin H., Vollenweider, Franz X., Brenneisen, Rudolf, Müller, Felix, Borgwardt, Stefan, and Liechti, Matthias E.
- Subjects
3. Good health
3. Emergency department presentations related to acute toxicity following recreational use of cannabis products in Switzerland.
- Author
-
Schmid Y, Scholz I, Mueller L, Exadaktylos AK, Ceschi A, Liechti ME, and Liakoni E
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Marijuana Use epidemiology, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Switzerland epidemiology, Young Adult, Cannabis toxicity, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Marijuana Use adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Concomitant use of cannabis and other psychoactive substances is common and it is often difficult to differentiate its acute effects from those of other substances. This study aimed to characterize the acute toxicity of cannabis with and without co-use of other substances., Methods: Retrospective analysis of cases presenting at the emergency departments of three large hospitals in Switzerland due to acute toxicity related to cannabis recreational use., Results: Among 717 attendances related to acute cannabis toxicity, 186 (26 %) were due to use of cannabis alone. The median patient age was 26 years (range 14-68), and 73 % were male. Commonly reported symptoms/signs in lone-cannabis cases included nausea/vomiting (26 %), palpitations (25 %), anxiety (23 %), and chest pain (15 %); there were no fatalities and most intoxications were of minor severity (61 %). Most patients (83 %) using cannabis alone were discharged from the emergency department, 8 % were referred to psychiatric, and two (1 %) to the intensive care; severe complications included psychosis (7 %), coma (6 %), and seizures (5 %) and one patient (<1 %) required intubation. Lone-cannabis patients presented more often with palpitations, anxiety, panic attacks, and chest pain than patients in the co-use group, whereas the latter presented more often with impaired consciousness, agitation, respiratory depression and hallucinations, and were more often admitted to psychiatric or intensive care., Conclusion: Intoxication with cannabis alone was mostly associated with minor toxicity. Nevertheless, severe complications and cases requiring admission to intensive or psychiatric care were also reported, which indicates that intoxication with cannabis alone does not exclude considerable health risks., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Pharmacogenetics of ecstasy: CYP1A2, CYP2C19, and CYP2B6 polymorphisms moderate pharmacokinetics of MDMA in healthy subjects.
- Author
-
Vizeli P, Schmid Y, Prestin K, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen HE, and Liechti ME
- Subjects
- 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine metabolism, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19, Double-Blind Method, Female, Genotype, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Male, Time Factors, Young Adult, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System genetics, Hallucinogens pharmacology, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine pharmacology, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic
- Abstract
In vitro studies showed that CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 contribute to the metabolism of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). However, the role of genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 in the metabolism of MDMA in humans is unknown. The effects of genetic variants in these CYP enzymes on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MDMA were characterized in 139 healthy subjects (69 male, 70 female) in a pooled analysis of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. MDMA-MDA conversion was positively associated with genotypes known to convey higher CYP2C19 or CYP2B6 activities. Additionally, CYP2C19 poor metabolizers showed greater cardiovascular responses to MDMA compared with other CYP2C19 genotypes. Furthermore, the maximum concentration of MDA was higher in tobacco smokers that harbored the inducible CYP1A2 rs762551 A/A genotype compared with the non-inducible C-allele carriers. The findings indicate that CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 contribute to the metabolism of MDMA to MDA in humans. Additionally, genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19 may moderate the cardiovascular toxicity of MDMA., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects.
- Author
-
Schmid Y, Enzler F, Gasser P, Grouzmann E, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX, Brenneisen R, Müller F, Borgwardt S, and Liechti ME
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Female, Hallucinogens adverse effects, Humans, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy, Sympathomimetics, Hallucinogens administration & dosage, Healthy Volunteers psychology, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide administration & dosage, Reflex, Startle drug effects, Sensory Gating drug effects
- Abstract
Background: After no research in humans for >40 years, there is renewed interest in using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in clinical psychiatric research and practice. There are no modern studies on the subjective and autonomic effects of LSD, and its endocrine effects are unknown. In animals, LSD disrupts prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response, and patients with schizophrenia exhibit similar impairments in PPI. However, no data are available on the effects of LSD on PPI in humans., Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study, LSD (200 μg) and placebo were administered to 16 healthy subjects (8 women, 8 men). Outcome measures included psychometric scales; investigator ratings; PPI of the acoustic startle response; and autonomic, endocrine, and adverse effects., Results: Administration of LSD to healthy subjects produced pronounced alterations in waking consciousness that lasted 12 hours. The predominant effects induced by LSD included visual hallucinations, audiovisual synesthesia, and positively experienced derealization and depersonalization phenomena. Subjective well-being, happiness, closeness to others, openness, and trust were increased by LSD. Compared with placebo, LSD decreased PPI. LSD significantly increased blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, pupil size, plasma cortisol, prolactin, oxytocin, and epinephrine. Adverse effects produced by LSD completely subsided within 72 hours. No severe acute adverse effects were observed., Conclusions: In addition to marked hallucinogenic effects, LSD exerts methylenedioxymethamphetamine-like empathogenic mood effects that may be useful in psychotherapy. LSD altered sensorimotor gating in a human model of psychosis, supporting the use of LSD in translational psychiatric research. In a controlled clinical setting, LSD can be used safely, but it produces significant sympathomimetic stimulation., (Copyright © 2015 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Effects of methylphenidate and MDMA on appraisal of erotic stimuli and intimate relationships.
- Author
-
Schmid Y, Hysek CM, Preller KH, Bosch OG, Bilderbeck AC, Rogers RD, Quednow BB, and Liechti ME
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Over Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Estradiol blood, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Progesterone blood, Sexual Behavior drug effects, Testosterone blood, Time Factors, Young Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants pharmacology, Hallucinogens pharmacology, Interpersonal Relations, Libido drug effects, Methylphenidate pharmacology, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine pharmacology
- Abstract
Methylphenidate mainly enhances dopamine neurotransmission whereas 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") mainly enhances serotonin neurotransmission. However, both drugs also induce a weaker increase of cerebral noradrenaline exerting sympathomimetic properties. Dopaminergic psychostimulants are reported to increase sexual drive, while serotonergic drugs typically impair sexual arousal and functions. Additionally, serotonin has also been shown to modulate cognitive perception of romantic relationships. Whether methylphenidate or MDMA alter sexual arousal or cognitive appraisal of intimate relationships is not known. Thus, we evaluated effects of methylphenidate (40 mg) and MDMA (75 mg) on subjective sexual arousal by viewing erotic pictures and on perception of romantic relationships of unknown couples in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 30 healthy adults. Methylphenidate, but not MDMA, increased ratings of sexual arousal for explicit sexual stimuli. The participants also sought to increase the presentation time of implicit sexual stimuli by button press after methylphenidate treatment compared with placebo. Plasma levels of testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone were not associated with sexual arousal ratings. Neither MDMA nor methylphenidate altered appraisal of romantic relationships of others. The findings indicate that pharmacological stimulation of dopaminergic but not of serotonergic neurotransmission enhances sexual drive. Whether sexual perception is altered in subjects misusing methylphenidate e.g., for cognitive enhancement or as treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is of high interest and warrants further investigation., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.