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Background: Enrollment of a representative sample of racial or ethnic-minority participants can be challenging for researchers conducting clinical trials. One proposed solution is race/ethnicity matching (i.e., aligning the racial or ethnic identity of the trial recruiter with that of the desired participant), but in practice this idea has yielded mixed results. Nevertheless, the approach seems inherently strong, so we reevaluated this strategy in a secondary analysis., Methods: Black participant enrollment was tracked during the screening phase of two clinical trials led by the same PI and conducted in the same setting: the NICU of a midwestern academic hospital in a predominantly White locale. In the first trial, the recruiter was a White neonatal nurse practitioner from the NICU. In the second trial, the recruiter was a Black research nurse. In this evaluation of race/ethnicity matching, the number of Black women who enrolled into the screening phase of the two trials was compared., Results: The Black research nurse enrolled twice as many Black participants into the screening phase of a clinical trial compared to the White NICU neonatal nurse practitioner (12.24% & 6.1%, respectively). The 6.14 percentage-point difference in Black participant enrollment is significant using Fisher's exact test (p = 0.035)., Conclusions: The key finding is that the Black recruiter enrolled a significantly greater number of Black participants than the White recruiter, suggesting that race/ethnicity matching is a viable strategy for increasing racial/ethnic minority participation in clinical studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Mothers whose infants are hospitalized in the NICU are frequently emotionally distressed, particularly early in the hospitalization. The Family-Centered Developmental Care philosophy, widely adopted by NICUs, calls for an expanded focus on the well-being of the entire family. In this article, we describe an innovative, nurse-delivered program for emotionally distressed mothers of infants in the NICU that includes screening and an empirically supported counseling approach: Listening Visits., (Copyright © 2018 AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To examine the incremental identification of emotional distress in mothers of hospitalized newborns by screening for anxiety in addition to depression and to provide practical information about anxiety screening scales to facilitate instrument selection and screening implementation by nurses in the NICU., Design: In this secondary data analysis, screening data from the recruitment phase of a feasibility trial to evaluate a nurse-delivered counseling intervention for emotionally distressed mothers of newborns in the NICU were used to examine the effect of anxiety screening., Setting: A Level IV NICU at a large academic medical center in the Midwestern United States., Participants: Women 18 years of age and older (N = 190) with newborns in the NICU., Methods: Participants completed multiple measures of depression and anxiety symptoms., Results: Of participants who had negative screening results on a depression-only screening instrument, 4.7% to 14.7% endorsed clinically significant anxiety symptoms depending on the screening instrument used., Conclusion: Screening for anxiety in mothers of newborns in the NICU resulted in identification of distressed mothers who would otherwise have been missed during routine depression-only screening. Multiple options for anxiety screening exist that add incremental information to depression-only screening and require little additional burden on providers and mothers of newborns in the NICU., (Copyright © 2018 AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)