Author: "T. Ido" / Publisher: elsevier - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Investigation of radial distribution of atomic hydrogen flux to the plasma facing components in steady state discharges in QUEST tokamak

Author: A. Kuzmin, M. Kobayashi, K. Hanada, H. Idei, T. Onchi, S. Mori, N. Yoneda, T. Shikama, M. Hasuo, T. Ido, Y. Nagashima, R. Ikezoe, M. Hasegawa, K. Kuroda, K. Kono, S. Matsuo, T. Nagata, S. Shimabukuro, A. Higashijima, I. Niiya, and H. Zushi
Subjects: Hydrogen, Atomic hydrogen, Steady state tokamak operation, PdCu, Permeation, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: To study radial distribution of hydrogen flux in peripheral plasma in long duration tokamak discharges, permeation and Langmuir reciprocate probes are used. The atomic hydrogen flux to the walls at several radial positions is deduced from the permeation flux. Contribution of the ions to the hydrogen flow is deduced from the Langmuir probe ion saturation current. It is found, that the atomic hydrogen has the most contribution to the hydrogen flow behind the plasma facing components (PFCs), while the ion flux there is negligible. The atomic flux behind the PFCs drops to the value of F~4.3×1015H/m2/s, which is ~6 % of that just in front of PFCs, F~7.7×1016H/m2/s.
Published: 2021
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2. Toroidal flow measurements of impurity ions in QUEST ECH plasmas using multiple viewing chords emission spectroscopy

Author: N. Yoneda, T. Shikama, K. Hanada, S. Mori, T. Onchi, K. Kuroda, M. Hasuo, A. Ejiri, K. Matsuzaki, Y. Osawa, Y. Peng, Y. Kawamata, S. Sakamoto, H. Idei, T. Ido, K. Nakamura, Y. Nagashima, R. Ikezoe, M. Hasegawa, A. Higashijima, T. Nagata, and S. Shimabukuro
Subjects: Spherical tokamak, ECH, Magnetic configuration, Toroidal flow, Emission spectroscopy, Inversion, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: A spectroscopic system with multiple viewing chords was developed for QUEST (Q-shu University Experiment with Steady-State Spherical Tokamak) to measure the spatial distribution of ion toroidal velocities in discharges sustained by electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH). Twenty-four viewing chords were aligned in the midplane and C III emission line spectra were measured for three types of ECH discharge under different magnetic field configurations. By applying an inversion method to the measured spectra, we evaluated the radial distributions of C2+ ion emissivity, temperature, and toroidal velocity. The error in the evaluated velocity was estimated to be less than 5 km/s. It was found that the velocity depends on the magnetic field configuration.
Published: 2021
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3. Core plasma confinement during detachment transition with RMP application in LHD

Author: M. Kobayashi, S. Masuzaki, K. Tanaka, T. Tokuzawa, M. Yokoyama, Y. Narushima, I. Yamada, T. Ido, and R. Seki
Subjects: Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: The core plasma confinement during detachment phase is investigated in the discharges with application of resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) field in LHD. The RMP application creates a remnant magnetic island in the edge stochastic layer, which largely changes the plasma parameter profiles including impurity radiation. The electron temperature and pressure profiles are flattened at the island, while the electron density is slightly peaked at the edge of the island. The estimated impurity radiation profile is enhanced and fixed around the magnetic island during the detached phase, where the discharge is stably sustained with controlled level of radiation. Without RMP, the radiation penetrates the confinement region, leading to radiation collapse. It is found that in the case of the RMP application the plasma stored energy increases discontinuously at the detachment transition. In spite of the reduced effective plasma volume caused by the edge magnetic island and by the enhanced radiation there, the central plasma pressure finally exceeds the case without RMP. This is caused by the pressure profile peaking at the central region in the case with RMP. These results indicate clear change of core plasma confinement during the detached phase with RMP.
Published: 2018
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4. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author: Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. Li, Y.H. Li, T.T. Liu, W.L. Liu, Y.Y. Liu, Z.C. Lu, X.L. Luo, T.Y. Ma, J.Q. Peng, X. Sheng, X.J. Shi, Y.H. Sun, G. Tian, K. Wang, L. Wang, R.N. Wu, Q. Xie, R.Y. Xu, J.S. Yang, L.L. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Ye, H.Y. Yu, J.H. Yu, T. Yu, H. Zhai, Q. Zhan, G.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W.Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, Z.H. Zhou, X.Y. Zhu, S. Kakkar, J.P.S. Sawhney, P. Jadhav, R. Durgaprasad, A.G. Ravi Shankar, R.K. Rajput, K. Bhargava, R. Sarma, A. Srinivas, D. Roy, U.M. Nagamalesh, M. Chopda, R. Kishore, G. Kulkarni, P. Chandwani, R.A. Pothiwala, M. Padinhare Purayil, S. Shah, K. Chawla, V.A. Kothiwale, B. Raghuraman, G. Vijayaraghavan, V.M. Vijan, G. Bantwal, V. Bisne, A. Khan, J.B. Gupta, S. Kumar, D. Jain, S. Abraham, D. Adak, A. Barai, H. Begum, P. Bhattacharjee, M. Dargude, D. Davies, B. Deshpande, P. Dhakrao, V. Dhyani, S. Duhan, M. Earath, A. Ganatra, S. Giradkar, V. Jain, R. Karthikeyan, L. Kasala, S. Kaur, S. Krishnappa, A. Lawande, B. Lokesh, N. Madarkar, R. Meena, P. More, D. Naik, K. Prashanth, M. Rao, N.M. Rao, N. Sadhu, D. Shah, M. Sharma, P. Shiva, S. Singhal, S. Suresh, V. Vanajakshamma, S.G. Panse, Y. Koretsune, S. Kanamori, K. Yamamoto, K. Kumagai, Y. Katsuda, K. Sadamatsu, F. Toyota, Y. Mizuno, I. Misumi, H. Noguchi, S. Ando, T. Suetsugu, M. Minamoto, Hiroshi Oda, K. Shiraishi, S. Adachi, K. Chiba, H. Norita, M. Tsuruta, T. Koyanagi, H. Ando, T. Higashi, K. Okada, S. Azakami, S. Komaki, K. Kumeda, T. Murayama, J. Matsumura, Y. Oba, R. Sonoda, K. Goto, K. Minoda, Y. Haraguchi, H. Suefuji, H. Miyagi, H. Kato, Tadashi Nakamura, Tsugihiro Nakamura, H. Nandate, R. Zaitsu, Yoshihisa Fujiura, A. Yoshimura, H. Numata, J. Ogawa, H. Tatematsu, Y. Kamogawa, K. Murakami, Y. Wakasa, M. Yamasawa, H. Maekawa, S. Abe, H. Kihara, S. Tsunoda, Katsumi Saito, Kazuyuki Saito, T. Fudo, K. Obunai, H. Tachibana, I. Oba, T. Kuwahata, S. Higa, M. Gushiken, T. Eto, H. Yoshida, D. Ikeda, Yoshitake Fujiura, M. Ishizawa, M. Nakatsuka, K. Murata, C. Ogurusu, M. Shimoyama, M. Akutsu, I. Takamura, F. Hoshino, N. Yokota, T. Iwao, K. Tsuchida, M. Takeuchi, Y. Hatori, Y. Kitami, Yoichi Nakamura, R. Oyama, M. Ageta, Hiroyuki Oda, Y. Go, K. Mishima, T. Unoki, S. Morii, Yuhei Shiga, H. Sumi, T. Nagatomo, K. Sanno, K. Fujisawa, Y. Atsuchi, T. Nagoshi, T. Seto, T. Tabuchi, M. Kameko, K. Nii, K. Oshiro, H. Takezawa, S. Nagano, N. Miyamoto, M. Iwaki, Yuichiro Nakamura, M. Fujii, M. Okawa, Masahiko Abe, Masatake Abe, Mitsunori Abe, T. Saito, T. Mito, K. Nagao, J. Minami, T. Mita, I. Sakuma, T. Taguchi, S. Marusaki, H. Doi, M. Tanaka, T. Fujito, M. Matsuta, T. Kusumoto, S. Kakinoki, K. Ashida, N. Yoshizawa, J. Agata, O. Arasaki, M. Manita, M. Ikemura, S. Fukuoka, H. Murakami, S. Matsukawa, Y. Hata, T. Taniguchi, T. Ko, H. Kubo, M. Imamaki, M. Akiyama, M. Inagaki, H. Odakura, T. Ueda, Y. Katsube, A. Nakata, H. Watanabe, M. Techigawara, M. Igarashi, K. Taga, T. Kimura, S. Tomimoto, M. Shibuya, M. Nakano, K. Ito, T. Seo, S. Hiramitsu, H. Hosokawa, M. Hoshiai, M. Hibino, K. Miyagawa, Hajime Horie, N. Sugishita, Yukio Shiga, A. Soma, K. Neya, Tetsuro Yoshida, Tomoki Yoshida, M. Mizuguchi, M. Ishiguro, T. Minagawa, M. Wada, H. Mukawa, F. Okuda, S. Nagasaka, Y. Abe, Sen Adachi, Susumu Adachi, T. Adachi, K. Akahane, T. Amano, K. Aoki, T. Aoyama, H. Arai, S. Arima, T. Arino, H. Asano, T. Asano, J. Azuma, T. Baba, T. Betsuyaku, H. Chibana, H. Date, J. Doiuchi, Y. Emura, M. Endo, Y. Fujii, R. Fujiki, A. Fujisawa, Y. Fujisawa, T. Fukuda, T. Fukui, N. Furukawa, T. Furukawa, W. Furumoto, T. Goto, M. Hamaoka, N. Hanazono, K. Hasegawa, T. Hatsuno, Y. Hayashi, K. Higuchi, K. Hirasawa, H. Hirayama, M. Hirose, S. Hirota, M. Honda, Hideki Horie, T. Ido, O. Iiji, H. Ikeda, K. Ikeda, K. Ikeoka, M. Imaizumi, H. Inaba, T. Inoue, F. Iseki, A. Ishihara, N. Ishioka, N. Ito, T. Iwase, H. Kakuda, J. Kamata, H. Kanai, H. Kanda, M. Kaneko, H. Kano, T. Kasai, T. Kato, Y. Kato, Y. Kawada, K. Kawai, K. Kawakami, S. Kawakami, T. Kawamoto, S. Kawano, J. Kim, T. Kira, H. Kitazawa, H. Kitazumi, T. Kito, T. Kobayashi, T. Koeda, J. Kojima, H. Komatsu, I. Komatsu, Y. Koshibu, T. Kotani, T. Kozuka, Y. Kumai, T. Kumazaki, I. Maeda, K. Maeda, Y. Maruyama, S. Matsui, K. Matsushita, Y. Matsuura, K. Mineoi, H. Mitsuhashi, N. Miura, S. Miyaguchi, S. Miyajima, H. Miyamoto, A. Miyashita, S. Miyata, I. Mizuguchi, A. Mizuno, T. Mori, O. Moriai, K. Morishita, O. Murai, Sho Nagai, Shunichi Nagai, E. Nagata, H. Nagata, A. Nakagomi, S. Nakahara, M. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, N. Nakanishi, T. Nakayama, R. Nakazato, T. Nanke, J. Nariyama, Y. Niijima, H. Niinuma, Y. Nishida, Y. Nishihata, K. Nishino, H. Nishioka, K. Nishizawa, I. Niwa, K. Nomura, S. Nomura, M. Nozoe, T. Ogawa, N. Ohara, M. Okada, K. Okamoto, H. Okita, M. Okuyama, H. Ono, T. Ono, Y. Onuki Pearce, S. Oriso, A. Ota, E. Otaki, Y. Saito, H. Sakai, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Samejima, Y. Sasagawa, H. Sasaguri, A. Sasaki, T. Sasaki, Kazuki Sato, Kiyoharu Sato, M. Sawano, S. Seki, Y. Sekine, Y. Seta, K. Sezaki, N. Shibata, Y. Shiina, H. Shimono, Y. Shimoyama, T. Shindo, H. Shinohara, R. Shinohe, T. Shinozuka, T. Shirai, T. Shiraiwa, Y. Shozawa, T. Suga, C. Sugimoto, Kazuo Suzuki, Keita Suzuki, Shu Suzuki, Shunji Suzuki, Susumu Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, M. Tada, A. Taguchi, T. Takagi, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, S. Takahashi, H. Takai, C. Takanaka, S. Take, H. Takeda, K. Takei, K. Takenaka, T. Tana, G. Tanabe, K. Taya, H. Teragawa, S. Tohyo, S. Toru, Y. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuji, K. Tsuzaki, H. Uchiyama, O. Ueda, Y. Ueyama, N. Wakaki, T. Wakiyama, T. Washizuka, M. Watanabe, T. Yamada, T. Yamagishi, H. Yamaguchi, Kenichi Yamamoto, Kentaro Yamamoto, Kunihiko Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, M. Yamaura, M. Yamazoe, K. Yasui, Y. Yokoyama, K. Yoshida, T.W. Lim, C.K. Ching, C.G. Foo, J.H. Chow, D.D. Chen, F.R. Jaufeerally, Y.M. Lee, G. Lim, W.T. Lim, S. Thng, S.Y. Yap, C. Yeo, S. Oh, H.N. Pak, J.-B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.-W. Jang, D.H. Kim, D.R. Ryu, S.W. Park, D.-K. Kim, D.J. Choi, Y.S. Oh, M.-C. Cho, S.-H. Kim, H.-K. Jeon, D.-G. Shin, J.S. Park, H.K. Park, S.-J. Han, J.H. Sung, J.-G. Cho, G.-B. Nam, Y.K. On, H.E. Lim, J.J. Kwak, T.-J. Cha, T.J. Hong, S.H. Park, J.H. Yoon, N.-H. Kim, K.-S. Kim, B.C. Jung, G.-S. Hwang, C.-J. Kim, D.B. Kim, J.J. Ahn, H.J. An, H. Bae, A.L. Baek, W.J. Chi, E.A. Choi, E.H. Choi, H.K. Choi, H.S. Choi, S. Han, E.S. Heo, K.O. Her, S.W. Hwang, E.M. Jang, H.-S. Jang, S. Jang, H.-G. Jeon, S.R. Jeon, Y.R. Jeon, H.K. Jeong, I.-A. Jung, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Hyun Ju Kim, Ji Seon Kim, Jung Sook Kim, J.A. Kim, K.T. Kim, M.S. Kim, Sang Hee Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Y.-I. Kim, C.S. Lee, E.H. Lee, G.H. Lee, H.Y. Lee, H.-Y. Lee, K.H. Lee, K.R. Lee, M.S. Lee, M.-Y. Lee, R.W. Lee, S.E. Lee, S.H. Lee, S. Lee, W.Y. Lee, I.K. Noh, A.R. Park, B.R. Park, H.N. Park, J.H. Park, M. Park, Y. Park, S.-Y. Seo, J. Shim, J.H. Sim, Y.M. Sohn, W.S. Son, Y.S. Son, H.J. Song, H.K. Wi, J.J. Woo, S. Ye, K.H. Yim, K.M. Yoo, E.J. Yoon, S.Y. Yun, P. Angchaisuksiri, S. Chawanadelert, P. Mongkolwongroj, K. Kanokphatcharakun, S. Cheewatanakornkul, T. Laksomya, S. Pattanaprichakul, T. Chantrarat, S. Rungaramsin, S. Silaruks, W. Wongcharoen, K. Siriwattana, K. Likittanasombat, P. Katekangplu, W. Boonyapisit, D. Cholsaringkarl, B. Chatlaong, P. Chattranukulchai, Y. Santanakorn, P. Hutayanon, P. Khunrong, T. Bunyapipat, S. Jai-Aue, P. Kaewsuwanna, P. Bamungpong, S. Gunaparn, S. Hongsuppinyo, R. Inphontan, R. Khattaroek, K. Khunkong, U. Kitmapawanont, C. Kongsin, B. Naratreekoon, S. Ninwaranon, J. Phangyota, A. Phrommintikul, P. Phunpinyosak, K. Pongmorakot, S. Poomiphol, N. Pornnimitthum, S. Pumprueg, S. Ratchasikaew, K. Sanit, K. Sawanyawisuth, B. Silaruks, R. Sirichai, A. Sriwichian, W. Suebjaksing, P. Sukklad, T. Suttana, A. Tangsirira, O. Thangpet, W. Tiyanon, Y. Vorasettakarnkij, T. Wisaratapong, W. Wongtheptien, A. Wutthimanop, S. Yawila, A. Oto, A. Altun, I. Ozdogru, K. Ozdemir, O. Yilmaz, A. Aydinlar, M.B. Yilmaz, E. Yeter, Z. Ongen, M. Cayli, H. Pekdemir, M. Ozdemir, M. Sucu, T. Sayin, M. Demir, H. Yorgun, M. Ersanli, E. Okuyan, D. Aras, H. Abdelrahman, O. Aktas, D. Alpay, F. Aras, M.F. Bireciklioglu, S. Budeyri, M. Buyukpapuc, S. Caliskan, M. Esen, M.A. Felekoglu, D. Genc, B. Ikitimur, E.B. Karaayvaz, S. Kılıç Karataş, S. Okutucu, E. Ozcelik, A. Quisi, H. Sag, L. Sahiner, B.Y. Sayin, T. Seker, D. Uzun Alkan, E. Yildirim, R. Yildirim, F. Yilmaz, V. Yuksekdag, H.L. Luciardi, N. Vensentini, A.C. Ingaramo, G.A. Sambadaro, V. Fernandez Caputi, S.G. Berman, P. Dragotto, A.J. Kleiban, N. Centurion, G. Giacomi, R.A. Ahuad Guerrero, D. Conde, G. Zapata, L.A. Di Paola, J.L. Ramos, R.D. Dran, J. Egido, A.A. Fernandez, M.J. Fosco, S. Sassone, V.A. Sinisi, L.R. Cartasegna, M.A. Berli, O.A. Gomez Vilamajo, F. Ferroni, E.D. Alaguibe, A. Alvarez D'Amelio, C. Arabetti, L. Arias, J.A. Belardi, L. Bergesio, F. Berli, M. Berli, S. Borchowiec, C. Buzzetti, R. Cabrini, V. Campisi, A.L. Cappi, R. Carrizo, F. Colombo Berra, J.P. Costabel, O.J.A. Costamagna, A.A. Damonte, I.N. De Urquiza, F. Diez, M.F. Edén, M. Fanuele, F. Fernandez Voena, M. Foa Torres, C. Funosas, M.P. Giacomi, C.H. Gimenez, E.P. Gurfinkel, M. de L.M. Had, V. Hansen, A.D. Hrabar, M. Ingratta, A. Lopez, G. Maehara, L. Maffei, A. Martinelli, C. Martinelli, J. Matkovich, B. Mautner, A. Meirino, R. Munguia, A. Navarro, V. Novas, G. Perez Prados, J. Pontoriero, R.N. Potito, C. Ricotti, M.A. Rodriguez, F. Rolandi, M.E. Said Palladino, M. Salinger, L.S. Sanziani, P.O. Schygiel, A. Sossich, J.F. Tinto, L. Tonelli, A.L. Tufare, M. Vallejo, M.E. Yunis, M. Zillo, F.J. Zurbrigk, A.C.P. Barretto, D.C. Sobral Filho, J. Jaber, D. Armaganijan, J. Faria Neto, A. Steffens, W. Kunz Sebba Barroso de Souza, J.D. de Souza Neto, J.M. Ribeiro, M. Silveira Teixeira, P.R. Ferreira Rossi, L. Pires, D. Moreira, J.C. Moura Jorge, A. Menezes Lorga Filho, L.C. Bodanese, M. Westerlund Montera, C.H. Del Carlo, T. Da Rocha Rodrigues, F.A. Alves da Costa, A. Lopes, R. Lopes, G.R. Araújo, E.R. Fernandes Manenti, J.F. Kerr Saraiva, J.C. Ferreira Braga, A. Negri, L. Souto, C. Moncada, D. Bertolim Precoma, F. Roquette, G. Reis, R.A. Ramos Filho, E. Lanna Figueiredo, R. Vieira Botelho, C. Munhoz da Fontoura Tavares, C.R. Costantini Frack, J. Abdalla Saad, H.C. Finimundi, C. Pisani, D. Chemello, M. Pereira Martins, C.C. Broilo França, F. Alban, G.B. Aranha Rosito, J.B. de Moura Xavier Moraes Junior, R.T. Tumelero, L. Nigro Maia, R. Simões de Almeida, N.C. do Carmo Borges, L.G. Gomes Ferreira, P. Agliardi, J. Alves de Oliveira Gomes, V. Araujo, M. Arruda Nakazone, T. Barbosa, S. Barroso, E. Belisario Falchetto, H. Bellotti Lopes, M.A. Benez Teixeira Lemos, G. Biazus, L. Borges Queiroz, F.E. Camazzola, M. Caporale, S. Cardoso Boscato, F. Chieza, M.O. Chokr, R. Clemente Mingireanov, N. Codonho Góes, C. Correa, M. Costa, C. Costantini Ortiz, L.S. da Silva, F. da Silva Paulitsch, J.A. da Silveira, E. Daros, G.R. de Araújo, M.I. Del Monaco, C. Dias, M.A. Dias, A.P. Drummond Wainstein, P. Ely Pizzato, D.C. Esteves, P. Fabri, T. Félix Lorenzato Fonseca, E. Fernandes, C. Fonseca, C.R. Frack Costantini, R. Franchin Ferraz, F. Freire, P. Gottardo, D. Guanaes, S. Guizzardi, E. Hettwer Magedanz, F. Igansi, F. Jannuzzi, G. Junior, D. Komar, E.G. Lino, D. Lopes, O. Lourenço da Silva Júnior, E. Lustosa, A.P. Macagnan, M.C. Marinho, M. Mazzoni, G. Melo, L. Mortari, O.M.C.C. Mouco, C. Nanzer Vital, C. Ormundo, S. Oss Emmer, E. Palmegiani, R. Pavani, L. Pereira, V.L. Pereira, R. Perreira, S. Poletti, S.C. Quaia Fortunato, C. Queirantes, N. Ramos Pereira, R.L. Rech, S. Ribeiro, A. Rodrigues, H. Roesch, T. Ruaro Reichert, D. Santos, I. Santos, M. Santos, M.V. Seroqui, S. Silva, L. Soares, L. Spolaor, C. Stoll, N. Toazza Duda, L. Trama, B. Unterkircher, M.V. Valois, T. Vargas, T. Viana, C. Vicente, L. Vidal Armaganijan, R. Vieira Homem, L.G. Vieira Torres, L. Vila Boas, F. Villaça Guimarães Filho, R. Corbalan, G. Eggers, C. Bugueño Gutiérrez, G. Arriagada, S. Potthoff Cardenas, B.A.J. Stockins Fernandez, C. Conejeros, C. Houzvic, P. Marin Cuevas, H. Montecinos, A. Forero, F. Lanas, M. Larico Gómez, G. Charme Vilches, C. Rey, C. Astudillo, J. Aguilar, Y. Campisto, C. Lara, E. Molina, J. Munoz Oyarzon, V. Olguin, M. Vergara, C. Villan, C.J. Sánchez Díaz, J. Illescas Diaz, R. Leal Cantú, M.G. Ramos Zavala, R. Cabrera Jardines, N. Espinola Zavaleta, S. Villarreal Umaña, E. López Rosas, G. Llamas Esperón, G. Pozas, E. Cardona Muñoz, N. Matadamas Hernández, A. Leyva Rendón, N. García Hernández, M. de los Ríos Ibarra, L. Virgen Carrillo, D. López Villezca, C. Hernández Herrera, J.J. López Prieto, R. Gaona Rodríguez, E. Villeda Espinosa, D. Flores Martínez, J. Velasco Barcena, R. Yong, I. Rodríguez Briones, J.L. Leiva Pons, H. Álvarez López, R. Olvera Ruiz, C. Díaz de la Vega, C. Cantú Brito, E. Chuquiure Valenzuela, R. Reyes-Sanchez, A. Bazzoni Ruiz, O. Nandayapa Flores, M. Benavides Gonzalez, R. Arriaga Nava, J.D. Morales Cerda, O. Fierro Fierro, P. Fajardo Campos, T.A.A. Alfaro, S. Altamirano Bellorin, R. 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Almeida Fernández, N. Del Val Plana, E. Escrivá Montserrat, J.J. Montero Alía, M. Barreda González, M.A. Moleiro Oliva, J. Iglesias Sanmartín, M. Jiménez González, M. Rodriguez Álvarez, J. Herreros Melenchon, T. Ripoll Vera, F. Ridocci Soriano, L. Garcia Riesco, M.D. Marco Macian, J. Quiles Granado, M. Jimenez Navarro, J. Cosin Sales, J.V. Vaquer Perez, M. Vazquez Caamano, M.F. Arcocha Torres, G. Marcos Gomez, A. Iñiguez Romo, M.A. Prieto Diaz, Carmela Alonso, Concepcion Alonso, D. Alvarez, M. Alvarez, M. Amaro, N. Andere, J. Aracil Villar, R. Armitano Ochoa, A. Austria, S. Barbeira, E. Barraquer Feu, A. Bartes, V. Becerra Munoz, F.J. Bermudez Jimenez, A. Branjovich Tijuan, J. Cabeza Ramirez, M. Cabrera Ramos, E. Calvo Martinez, M. Campo Moreno, G. Cancho Corchado, M. Casanova Gil, M. Castillo Orive, D. Castro Fernandez, M. Cebollada del Misterio, R. Codinachs Alsina, A. Cortada Cabrera, J. Costa Pinto Prego de Faria, S. Costas, M.I. Cotilla Marco, M. Dachs, C.M. Diaz Lopez, A. Domenech Borras, A. Elorriaga Madariaga, A. Espallargas, M. Fernandez, E. Fernandez Escobar, E. Fernandez Mas, A. Ferrer, J. Fosch, M. Garcia Bermudez, V. Garcia Millan, M. Gavira Saenz, C. Gines Garcia, C. Gomez, Y. Gomez Perez, A. Gonzales Segovia, P. Gonzalez, L. Grigorian, A. Guerrero Molina, M. del C. Gutierrez del Val, B. Herrero Maeso, E. Hevia Rodriguez, A. Iglesias Garcia, M.J. Jimenez Fernandez, B. Jimeno Besa, P. Juan Salvadores, M.B. Lage Bouzamayor, I. Lasuncion, L.E. Lezcano Gort, M. Llobet Molina, M. Lopez, A. Manzanal Rey, J. Mara Guerra, S. Marcus, A. Martin Vila, M. Martinez Mena, P. Mazon, F. Mendez Zurita, G. Millán, M. Molina, P. Montero Alia, D. Montes, M. Moure Gonzalez, R.B. Munoz Munoz, A. Negrete Palma, H.N. Orellana Figueroa, V.M. Ortega, C. Ortiz Cortes, D. Otero Tomera, N. Palomo Merchan, I. Pareja Ibar, E. Pena Garcia, M. Pereda Armayor, M. Perez Carasa, I. Prieto, V. Quintern, R. Renom, L.M. Rincon Diaz, V. Rios, L. Riquelme Sola, R. Rivera, X. Robiro Robiro, M. Roca, C. Roca Saumell, C. Rodrigo, E. Rodriguez, M. Rodriguez Garcia, S. Saez Jimenez, P. Sanchez Calderon, L. Sanchez Mendez, S. Sanchez Parra, C. Santolaya, M.R. Senan Sanz, A. Seoane Blanco, E. Serralvo, N. Sierra, C. Simon Valero, J. Sorribes Lopez, M. Teixido Fontanillas, M. Terns Riera, G. Tobajas, C. Torres, J. Torres Marques, M. Ubeda Pastor, M. Rosenqvist, A. Wirdby, J. Linden, K. Henriksson, M. Elmersson, A. Egilsson, U. Börjesson, G. Svärd, B. Liu, A. Lindh, L.-B. Olsson, M. Gustavsson, Lars Andersson, Lisbeth Andersson, L. Benson, C. Bothin, A. Hajimirsadeghi, K. Kadir, M. Ericsson, A. Ohlsson, H. Lindvall, P. Svensson, K. Thorne, H. Handel, P. Platonov, B. Eriksson, I. Timberg, K. Romberg, M. Crisby, J.-E. Karlsson, S.A. Jensen, A. Andersson, L. Malmqvist, B. Martinsson, F. Bernsten, J. Engdahl, J. Thulin, A. Hot-Bjelac, P. Stalby, H. Aaröe, E. Ahbeck, H. Ahlmark, F. Al-Khalili, G. Bonkowski, S. Dzeletovic, A.-B. Ekstrand, G.-B. Eriksson, K. Floren, C. Grässjö, S. Hahn, P. Jaensson, B. Jansson, J.-H. Jansson, R.-M. Kangert, A. Koch, D. Kusiak, A. Lettenström, A. Lindberg, C.-J. Lindholm, A. Mannermyr, K. Mansson, M. Millborg, C. Nilsson, A.-M. Ohlin, A. Olofsson, A. Osberg, A. Pedersen, K. Risbecker, K. Rosenberg, J. Samuelsson, M. Shayesteh, K. Skoglund, M. Stjernberg, C. Thorsen, J. Steffel, J.H. Beer, J. Debrunner, D. Amstutz, J. Bruegger, G. Elise, A. Grau, A. Guinand, I. Henriette, E. Saga, S. Winnik, A. Parkhomenko, I. Rudyk, V. Tseluyko, O. Karpenko, S. Zhurba, I. Kraiz, I. Kupnovytska, N. Serediuk, Y. Mostovoy, O. Ushakov, O. Koval, I. Kovalskyi, Y. Svyshchenko, O. Sychov, M. Stanislavchuk, O. Kraydashenko, A. Yagensky, S. Tykhonova, I. Fushtey, R. Belegai, G. Berko, L. Burdeuna, O. Chabanna, I. Daniuk, A. Ivanov, E. Kamenska, P. Kaplan, O. Khyzhnyak, S. Kizim, O. Matova, O. Medentseva, V. Mochonyi, M. Mospan, V. Nemtsova, T. Ovdiienko, O. Palamarchuk, M. Pavelko, R. Petrovskyy, D. Plevak, O. Proshak, S. Pyvovar, L. Rasputina, O. Romanenko, O. Romanova, A. Sapatyi, O. Shumakov, R. Stets, L. Todoriuk, V. Varenov, D. Fitzmaurice, N. Chauhan, D. Goodwin, P. Saunders, R. Evans, J. Leese, P.S. Jhittay, A. Ross, M.S. Kainth, G. Pickavance, J. McDonnell, A. Williams, T. Gooding, H. Wagner, S. Suryani, A. Singal, S. Sircar, R. Bilas, P. Hutchinson, A. Wakeman, M. Stokes, N. Paul, M. Aziz, C. Ramesh, P. Wilson, S. Franklin, S. Fairhead, J. Thompson, V. St Joseph, G. Taylor, D. Tragen, D. Seamark, C. Paul, M. Richardson, A. Jefferies, H. Sharp, H. Jones, C. Giles, M. Page, O. Oginni, J. Aldegather, S. Wetherwell, W. Lumb, P. Evans, F. Scouller, N. Macey, Y. Stipp, R. West, S. Thurston, P. Wadeson, J. Matthews, P. Pandya, A. Gallagher, T. Railton, B. Sinha, D. Russell, J.A. Davies, P. Ainsworth, C.P. Jones, P. Weeks, J. Eden, D. Kernick, W. Murdoch, L. Lumley, R.P. Patel, S.W. Wong, M. Saigol, K. Ladha, K. Douglas, D.F. Cumberlidge, C. Bradshaw, G. Van Zon, K.P. Jones, M.J. Thomas, E. Watson, B. Sarai, N. Ahmad, W. Willcock, J. Cairns, S. Sathananthan, N. de Kare-Silver, A. Gilliland, E. Strieder, A. Howitt, B. Vishwanathan, N. Bird, D. Gray, M. Clark, J. Bisatt, J. Litchfield, E. Fisher, T. Fooks, A.R. Kelsall, E. Alborough, J. Wakeling, M. Parfitt, K. Milne, S. Rogers, R. Priyadharshan, J.L. Oliver, E. Davies, S. Abushal, M. Jacobs, C. Hutton, N.I. Walls, R. Thompson, C. Chigbo, S.M.A. Zaidi, M. Howard, K.C. Butter, S. Barrow, H. Little, I.U. Haq, L. Gibbons, S. Glencross, A.J. McLeod, K. Poland, C. Mulholland, A. Warke, P. Conn, G. Burns, R.N. Smith, S. Lowe, R. Kamath, H.S. Dau, J. Webster, I. Hodgins, S. Vercoe, P.C. Roome, H. Pinnock, J.R.A. Patel, A. Ali, N. Hart, R. Davies, E. Stuart, C.A. Neden, M. Danielsen, R. Heath, P. Sharma, S. Galloway, C. Hawkins, R. Oliver, M. Aylward, S. Mannion, M. Braddick, D. Edwards, A.C. Rothwell, A. Sabir, F. Choudhary, S. Khalaque, A. Wilson, S. Peters, W. Coulson, N. Roberts, A. Heer, S. Coates, B. Ward, D. Jackson, S. Walton, D. Shepherd, M. Sterry, T. Wong, M. Boon, R. Bunney, R. Haria-Shah, R.T. Baron, S. Davies, T. Schatzberger, N. Hargreaves, T. Stephenson, H. Choi, R. Batson, L. Lucraft, T. Myhill, S. Estifano, D. Geatch, J. Wilkinson, R. Veale, K. Forshaw, T. Davies, K. Zaman, P. Vinson, C. Liley, M. Bandrapalli, P. McGinty, R. Wastling, P. McEleny, A. Beattie, P. Cooke, M. Wong, J. Gunasegaram, M. Pugsley, S. Ahmad, C. A'Court, J. Ayers, J. Bennett, S. Cartwright, S. Dobson, C. Dooldeniya, A. Flynn, R. Fox, J. Goram, A. Halpin, A. Hay, P. Jacobs, L. Jeffers, L. Lomax, I. Munro, R. Muvva, M. Nadaph, K. Powell, S. Randfield, D. Redpath, R. Reed, M. Rickenbach, G. Rogers, P.B. Saunders, C. Seamark, J. Shewring, P. Simmons, H. Simper, H. Stoddart, A. Sword, N. Thomas, A. Thomson, H. Gibbs, A. Blenkhorn, B. Singh, W. Van Gaal, W. Abhayaratna, R. Lehman, P. Roberts-Thomson, J. Kilian, D. Coulshed, A. Catanchin, D. Colquhoun, H. Kiat, D. Eccleston, J. French, L. Zimmett, B. Ayres, T. Phan, P. Blombery, D. Crimmins, D. O'Donnell, A. Choi, P. Astridge, M. Arstall, N. Jepson, M. Binnekamp, A. Lee, J. Rogers, G. Starmer, P. Carroll, J. Faunt, A. Aggarwala, L. Barry, C. Batta, R. Beveridge, A. Black, M. Bonner, J. Boys, E. Buckley, M. Campo, L. Carlton, A. Connelly, B. Conway, D. Cresp, H. Dimitri, S. Dixon, M. Dolman, M. Duroux, M. Eskandari, R. Eslick, A. Ferreira-Jardim, T. Fetahovic, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Geraghty, J. Gibbs, T. Grabek, M.H. Modi, K. Hayes, M.P. Hegde, L. Hesketh, B. Hoffmann, B. Jacobson, K. Johnson, C. Juergens, I. Kassam, V. Lawlor, M. Lehman, S. Lehman, D. Leung, S. Mackay, M. MacKenzie, C. McCarthy, C. McIntosh, L. McKeon, H. Morrison, C. Mussap, J.-D. Myers, V. Nagalingam, G. Oldfield, V. O'May, J. Palmer, L. Parsons, K. Patching, T. Patching, V. Paul, M. Plotz, S. Preston, H. Rashad, M. Ratcliffe, S. Raynes, J. Rose, L. Sanders, M. Seremetkoska, H. Setio, S. Shone, P. Shrestha, C. Singh, C. Singleton, N. Stoyanov, S. Sutcliffe, K. Swaraj, J. Tarrant, S. Thompson, I.M. Tsay, M. Vorster, A. Waldman, L. Wallis, E. Wilford, K. Wong, S.J. Connolly, A. Spyropoulos, J. Eikelboom, R. Luton, M. Gupta, A.S. Pandey, S. Cheung, R. Leader, P. Beaudry, F. Ayala-Paredes, J. Berlingieri, J. Heath, G. Poirier, M. Du Preez, R. Nadeau, G. Dresser, R. Dhillon, T. Hruczkowski, B. Schweitzer, B. Coutu, P. Angaran, P. MacDonald, S. Vizel, S. Fikry, R. Parkash, A. Lavoie, J. Cha, B. Ramjattan, J. Bonet, K. Ahmad, L. Aro, T. Aves, K. Beaudry, C. Bergeron, J. Bigcanoe, N. Bignell, L. Breakwell, E. Burke, L. Carroll, B. Clarke, T. Cleveland, S. Daheb, P. Dehghani, I. Denis, Z. Djaidani, P. Dorian, S. Douglass, J. Dunnigan, A. Ewert, D. Farquhar, A. Fearon, L. Ferleyko, D. Fournier, B. Fox, M.-C. Grenier, W. Gulliver, K. Haveman, C. Hines, K. Hines, A.M. Jackson, C. Jean, G. Jethoo, R. Kahlon, S. Kelly, R. Kim, V. Korley, J. Kornder, L. Kwan, J. Largy, C. Lewis, S. Lewis, I. Mangat, R. Moor, J. Navratil, I. Neas, J. Otis, R. Otis, M. Pandey, F. Petrie, A. Pinter, M. Raines, P. Roberts, M. Robinson, G. Sas, S. Schulman, L. Snell, S. Spearson, J. Stevenson, T. Trahey, S. Wong, D. Wright, H. Ragy, A. Abd El-Aziz, S.K. Abou Seif, M.G. El Din, S. El Etriby, A. Elbahry, A. El-Etreby, M. Elkhadem, A. Katta, T. Khairy, A. Mowafy, M. Nawar, A. Ohanissian, A. Reda, M. Reda, H. Salem, N. Sami, S. Samir, M. Setiha, M. Sobhy, A. Soliman, N. Taha, M. Tawfik, E. Zaatout, D. Kettles, J. Bayat, H. Siebert, A. Horak, Y. Kelfkens, R. Garda, T. Pillay, M. Guerra, L. van Zyl, H. Theron, A. Murray, R. Louw, D. Greyling, P. Mntla, V. Ueckermann, R. Loghdey, S. Ismail, F. Ahmed, J. Engelbrecht, A. Ramdass, S. Maharajh, W. Oosthuysen, G. Angel, C. Bester, M. Booysen, C. Boshoff, C. Cannon, S. Cassimjee, C. Chami, G. Conway, A. Davids, L. de Meyer, G. Du Plessis, T. Ellis, L. Henley, M. Karsten, E. Loyd, J. Marks, L. Mavhusa, M. Mostert, A. Page, L. Rikhotso, M. Salie, J. Sasto, F. Shaik, A. Skein, L. Smith, G. Tarr, T. Tau, F. van Zyl, W. Al Mahmeed, G. Yousef, A. Agrawal, M. Nathani, M. Ibrahim, E.M. Esheiba, R. Singh, A. Naguib, M. Abu-Mahfouz, M. Al Omairi, A. Al Naeemi, R. Maruthanayagam, N. Bazargani, A. Wassef, R. Gupta, M. Khan, B. Subbaraman, A. Abdul, A. Al Mulla, S. El Bardisy, P. Haridas, S. Jadhav, K. Magdaluyo, M. Makdad, I. Maqsood, R. Mohamed, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, M. Thanzeel, S.Z. Goldhaber, R. Canosa, P. Rama, E. Blumberg, J. Garcia, P. Mullen, V. Wilson, A. Quick, K. Ferrick, W.M. Kutayli, M. Cox, M. Franco, S. Falkowski, R. Mendelson, M. Williams, S. Miller, S. Beach, A. Alfieri, T. Gutowski, I. Haque, R. Reddy, W. Ahmed, P. Delafontaine, D. Diercks, D. Theodoro, K. Remmel, M. Alberts, R. Ison, H. Noveck, P. Duffy, S. Pitta, D. Nishijima, C. Treasure, N. Asafu-Adjaye, K. Ball, M. Bartlett, M. Bentley, S. Bowers, A. Brown, A. Browne, J. Cameron-Watts, M. Canova, D. Cassidy, K. Cervellione, S. Congal, J. DePauw, A. Dickerson, M. Eley, L. Evans, S. Felpel, K. Ferdinand, D. Fielder, P. Gentry, A. Haideri, F. Hakimi, T. Harbour, E. Hartranft, B. Hawkins, M. Headlee, L. Henson, C. Herrick, T. Hicks, S. Jasinski, A. Jones, L. Jones, P. Jones, S. Karl, M. Keeling, J. Kerr, P. Knowles, J. Langdon, M. Lay, J.A. Lee, T. Lincoln, E. Malone, A. Merliss, D. Merritt, J. Minardo, B. Mooso, C. Orosco, V. Palumbo, M. Parker, T. Parrott, S. Paserchia, G. Pearl, J. Peterson, N. Pickelsimer, T. Purcell, J. Raynor, S. Raziano, C. Richard, T. Richardson, C. Robertson, A. Sage, T. Sanghera, P. Shaw, J. Shoemaker, K. Smith, B. Stephanie, A. Thatcher, H. Theobald, N. Thompson, L. Treasure, T. Tripti, C. Verdi, and V. Worthy
Subjects: Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P
Published: 2018
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5. ACHIEVMENT OF 1.6MW/5000sec OPERATION of RF OSCILLATOR on the LARGE HELICAL DEVICE

Author: Tsutomu Kuroda, Ryuhei Kumazawa, S. Masuda, T. Watari, T. Ido, Takashi Mutoh, G. Nomura, Tetsuo Seki, and F. Shinbo
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Impedance matching, Tuner, Plasma, Stub (electronics), Large Helical Device, Heating system, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ceramic, business, Frequency modulation
Abstract: The ICRF heating is planned at 3MW with 30min and 12MW with 10sec on the Large Helical Device, which is now being constructed and whose first plasma is scheduled in 1998. For that purpose, we are researching and developing several issues such as high power/long pulse RF oscillator, ceramic feed-through, liquid stub tuner and feedback control for impedance matching etc. Recent results acquired so far are as follow; (1)1.6MW/5000sec and 1.9MW/10sec operation of RF oscillator, (2)45kV/1200sec and 54kV/10sec operations in liquid stub tuner, (3)34kV/1740sec and 38kV/615sec operation in ICRF heating system and (4)verification of feedback control for impedance matching by frequency modulation and liquid stub tuner.
Published: 1997
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6. Contributors

Author: M. Adam, Nathaniel M. Alpert, J.R. Anderson, Nancy C. Andreasen, A. Antonini, Babak A. Ardekani, Stephan Arndt, John Ashburner, Sharon Ashworth, Dale L. Bailey, E. Baker, D.G. Barnes, C. Bench, B. Bendriem, D. Berdichevsky, A. Biegon, R.C. Blair, G. Blomqvist, Peter M. Bloomfield, Laura L. Boles Ponto, Paul Brakeman, Michael Braun, David J. Brooks, C.K. Brown, W.D. Brown, T. Bruckbauer, K.R. Buckley, C. Calonder, Gregory Campbell, Richard E. Carson, Thomas Chaly, G. L-Y. Chan, Chin-Tu Chen, Ted Cizadlo, I.A. Cliffe, D.L. Collins, Malcolm Cooper, F. Crivello, M. Crossnoe, Paul Cumming, Vincent J. Cunningham, J. Czernin, M. Dahlbom, H. Damasio, J. DaSilva, Margaret E. Daube- Witherspoon, O.T. DeJesus, J. Delforge, Vijay Dhawan, S. Dickhoven, Mirko Diksic, Stefan Eberl, G.F. Egan, David Eidelberg, Lars Eriksson, Alan C. Evans, G.R. Fink, Alan J. Fischman, Ronald E. Fisher, A. Fletcher, A. Fontaine, I. Ford, G. Forse, R.S.J. Frackowiak, R.J. Frank, K.J. Friston, J. James Frost, V. Frouin, Hideaki Fujita, Takehiko Fujiwara, H. Fukuda, Michael J. Fulham, Anthony D. Gee, N. Gillings, Albert Gjedde, Robert Glaser, T.J. Grabowski, R. Graf, S.T. Grafton, Michael M. Graham, P. Grasby, R.N. Gunn, I. Günther, S. Hagisawa, A. Haida, M. Halber, Mark Hallett, Lars K. Hansen, Greg Harris, Jane Haslam, Steen Hasselbalch, Jun Hatazawa, W.-D. Heiss, K. Herholz, Peter Herscovitch, H. Herzog, Richard D. Hichwa, C. Hoh, J.E. Holden, Søren Holm, A.P. Holmes, C.J. Holmes, Patrick K. Hooper, S. Houle, D. Houser, Sung-Cheng Huang, S.P. Hume, Richard R. Hurtig, D. Hussey, Brian F. Hutton, M. Iacoboni, T. Ido, Hidehiro Iida, O. Inoue, Kazunari Ishii, Tatsuya Ishikawa, H. Itoh, Masatoshi Itoh, R. Iwata, F. Jadali, W. Jagust, S. Jivan, M. Joliot, A.K.P. Jones, C. Jones, Terry Jones, Iwao Kanno, Chien-Min Kao, S. Kapur, H. Karbe, J. Kessler, Michael R. Kilbourn, Yuichi Kimura, P.E. Kinahan, U. Knorr, K. Kobayashi, E. Rota Kops, Yukio Kosugi, Mark Kruger, Hiroto Kuwabara, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, L. Laurier, Ian Law, K.L. Leenders, B. Legg, Z. Levin, Kang-Ping Lin, Jonathan M. Links, B. Lipinski, B.J. Lopresti, J. Löttgen, S.K. Luthra, Yilong Ma, R.P. Maguire, K. Mahmood, Andrea L. Malizia, David A. Mankoff, Stefano Marenco, S. Marrett, C.A. Mathis, Y. Matsumura, B. Mazoyer, John C. Mazziotta, J.A. McCarron, K. Meguro, Steven R. Meikle, Marco A. Mejia, E. Mellet, Carolyn Cidis Meltzer, Ernst Meyer, P. Millet, S. Minoshima, M.A. Mintun, J. Missimer, Shuichi Miura, M. Miyake, Toshimitsu Momose, Niels Mørch, Evan D. Morris, Paul K. Morrish, S. Morrison, H.W. Müller-Gärtner, Kenya Murase, Mark Muzi, R. Myers, Takashi Nakamura, Tadashi Nariai, P. Neelin, R.J. Nickles, Junichi Nishikawa, Sadahiko Nishizawa, D.J. Nutt, G.J. O'Keefe, Daniel S. O'Leary, B.T. O'Sullivan, Finbarr O'Sullivan, W. Oberschelp, Toshihide Ogawa, S. Ono, S. Osman, Clifford Patlak, Olaf B. Paulson, Gunter Pawlik, L. Petit, U. Pietrzyk, V.W. Pike, J.-B. Poline, K. Poole, J.C. Price, M. Psylla, Robert Pyzalski, S. Rajeswaran, James S. Rakshi, Alex Ranicar, Scott L. Rauch, P. Remy, David C. Reutens, Andy Roberts, G. Rosenqvist, D.A. Rottenberg, Olivier G. Rousset, T.J. Ruth, Norihiro Sadato, Y. Samson, H. Sasaki, Mikiya Sase, D. Sashin, K. Schaper, G. Schlaug, L. Schnorr, R.J. Seitz, Michio Senda, S.E. Shelton, Anthony F. Shields, Eku Shimosegawa, Masahiro Shiraishi, Richard Shrager, J.J. Sidtis, N.R. Simpson, D. Smith, Donald F. Smith, B.J. Snow, Abraham Z. Snyder, V. Sossi, L. Spelle, Alexander Spence, S.C. Strother, Martin J. Stumpf, Yusuke Suganami, Claus Svarer, S.J. Swerdloff, A. Syrota, A. Taguchi, E. Talarico, Chris Taylor, L. Tellman, A. Thiel, H. J. Tochon- Danguy, Arthur W. Toga, P.-J. Toussaint, D.W. Townsend, Hinako Toyama, R. Trébossen, N. Tzourio, A. Uchiyama, Kazuo Uemura, H. Uno, M. Vafaee, F.J.G. Vingerhoets, P. Vontobel, R. Wagner, Hiroshi Watabe, G. Leonard Watkins, J.D.G. Watson, Miles Wernick, K. Wienhard, A.A. Wilson, S. Wilson, Scott D. Wollenweber, Dean F. Wong, Roger P. Woods, K.J. Worsley, Yuchen Yan, K. Yanai, J. Yang, Jeffrey T. Yap, D.C. Yu, Gene Zeien, Y. Zhou, and Jon Kar Zubieta
Published: 1996
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7. Quantitative Imaging of [11C]Benztropine in the Human Brain with Graphic Analysis and Spectral Analysis

Author: John Ashburner, T. Ido, Terry Jones, Vincent J. Cunningham, Takehiko Fujiwara, Shuichi Ono, Hidetada Sasaki, Ren Iwata, M. Itoh, Hiroshi Fukuda, Kazuhiko Yanai, H. Itoh, M. Mejia, Kenichi Meguro, and H. Watabe
Subjects: Volume of distribution, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Human brain, Patlak plot, Graphic analysis, Benztropine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Positron emission tomography, TRACER, medicine, Spectral analysis
Abstract: Patlak graphical analyses are frequently used for the quantitative study of receptor distribution in the human brain, when the specific binding of the tracer is apparently irreversible over the time course of the study. This chapter provides an alternative approach by spectral analysis, which allows the unit impulse response function, and hence an estimate of the irreversible disposal rate constant, to be derived. The latter technique can also be used to obtain estimates of the total volume of distribution when the binding is reversible. These two techniques have been compared and applied to the quantitative estimation of muscarinic cholinergic receptor distribution in human brain with [ 11 C]benztropine positron emission tomography. After transmission scanning, [ 11 C]benztropine is injected into three healthy male volunteers and serial tomographic scans are performed using a Siemens-CTI 931 PET scanner. Arterial blood samples are drawn rapidly, and plasma is separated and counted. Selected plasma samples are also analyzed for the percentage of unchanged tracer. [ 11 C]benztropine binding is analyzed at the pixel level by both the Patlak method and spectral analysis to give quantitative parametric images of [ 11 C]benztropine uptake. Estimates of the irreversible disposal rate constant are obtained from the terminal slope of the equivalent Patlak plot and from the value of the unit impulse response function at a late time (60-minute). Very close correlation is found at the pixel level between the two estimates. Overall, estimates obtained by spectral analysis were about 90% of those obtained by the Patlak analysis, reflecting some reversibility in the binding measured over the scan period.
Published: 1996
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8. Noninvasive Determination of Arterial Input of 15O Tracers, Using a Dual Cutaneous β-Detector Set above the Radial Artery

Author: M. Itoh, H. Watabe, Masayasu Miyake, T. Ido, Ren Iwata, T. Fujiwara, S. Hagisawa, and T. Nakamura
Subjects: Materials science, medicine.diagnostic_test, Detector, Well counter, law.invention, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral blood flow, Positron emission tomography, law, medicine.artery, medicine, Calibration, Radial artery, Bolus (radiation therapy), Subcutaneous tissue, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: As the clinical use of positron emission tomography technology grows, so does the demand for noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This chapter presents the development of a compact radiation monitor composed of dual β-detectors suitable for the detection of radiation from superficial tissue. One detector is placed over the wrist above the radial artery to monitor arterial radioactivity, whereas another was placed on an adjacent skin area to measure the background. The monitor worked fairly well except on obese subjects, for whom an arterial count curve was not recoverable. A model has been developed to restore the arterial input function comparing the two-detector response with time that incorporated the superficial tissue flow, mainly of skin and the subcutaneous tissue. Twenty-four studies on five normal volunteers are conducted with [ 15 O]-water slow bolus injections, which are controlled by an automatic injection system. A significant correlation is obtained between the calculated CBF using restored input function by the system and the CBF using an actual arterial input curve by arterial cannulation. Further, refinement of the procedures that include the calibration of restored arterial input to well counter and accurate correction of dispersion in the restored arterial input may increase the accuracy of this noninvasive method.
Published: 1996
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9. Erratum to "Twice- or once-daily dosing of direct oral anticoagulants and gastrointestinal bleeding in patient with atrial fibrillation" [Am. Heart J. Plus: Cardiol. Res. Pract. Volume 22, October 2022, 100203].

Author: Ido T, Sasaki S, Sotomi Y, Hirata A, Makino N, Hayashi T, Sakata Y, Hirayama A, and Higuchi Y
Abstract: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100203.]., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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10. Twice- or once-daily dosing of direct oral anticoagulants and gastrointestinal bleeding in patient with atrial fibrillation.

Author: Ido T, Sasaki S, Sotomi Y, Hirata A, Makino N, Hayashi T, Sakata Y, Hirayama A, and Higuchi Y
Abstract: Aims: Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) is widely used for the prevention of embolic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. However, the gastrointestinal bleeding risk in several DOAC regimens was higher than warfarin, especially in once-daily regimens., Methods and Results: We conducted a single-center prospective registry of patients with NVAF treated with DOACs: the DIRECT registry (N = 2216; follow-up duration 650 [IQR 103-1574] days, UMIN000033283). All patients were divided into 2 groups: the twice-daily (BID) regimen group (dabigatran and apixaban) versus the once-daily (QD) regimen group (rivaroxaban and edoxaban). Out of 2216 patients, we successfully matched 904 patients in the QD group and 904 patients in the BID group using propensity score. The primary endpoint was gastrointestinal bleeding defined as any bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract that was identified through medical records regardless of bleeding site or severity. The BID group showed a significantly lower gastrointestinal bleeding rate than the QD group (3.5/100 person-year vs. 6.2/100 person-year, log-rank P < 0.0001). The secondary endpoints were all death, stroke, major bleeding, and any bleeding. The rate of major bleeding was significantly lower in patients with BID regimen group (log-rank P = 0.040). In contrast, all death, stroke, and any bleeding did not differ between both groups (log-rank P = 0.280, 0.520 and 0.066, respectively)., Conclusions: The BID regimen as compared with the QD regimen was associated with reduced risk of gastrointestinal bleeding., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Y. Sotomi, A. Hirata, Y. Sakata, A. Hirayama, and Y. Higuchi received grants, travel expenses, and speaker honorarium from Daiichi-Sankyo, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The other authors have nothing to disclose., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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11. In vivo metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 availability-associated functional connectivity alterations in drug-naïve young adults with major depression.

Author: Kim JH, Joo YH, Son YD, Kim JH, Kim YK, Kim HK, Lee SY, and Ido T
Subjects: Adult, Carbon Radioisotopes metabolism, Correlation of Data, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Oximes metabolism, Oxygen blood, Positron-Emission Tomography, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Pyridines metabolism, Young Adult, Brain diagnostic imaging, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnostic imaging, Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 metabolism
Abstract: There has been increasing interest in glutamatergic neurotransmission as a putative underlying mechanism of depressive disorders. We performed [ 11 C]ABP688 positron emission tomography (PET) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in drug-naïve young adult patients with major depression to examine alterations in metabotropic glutamate receptor-5 (mGluR5) availability, and to investigate their functional significance relating to neural systems-level changes in major depression. Sixteen psychotropic drug-naïve patients with major depression without comorbidity (median age: 22.8 years) and fifteen matched healthy controls underwent [ 11 C]ABP688 PET imaging and 3-T MRI. For mGluR5 availability, we quantified [ 11 C]ABP688 binding potential (BP ND ) using the simplified reference tissue model. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was performed using rs-fMRI data with regions derived from quantitative [ 11 C]ABP688 PET analysis as seeds. In region-of-interest (ROI)-based and voxel-based analyses, the [ 11 C]ABP688 BP ND was significantly lower in patients than in controls in the prefrontal cortex ROI and in voxel clusters within the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices, and supramarginal gyrus. The [ 11 C]ABP688 BP ND seed-based functional connectivity analysis showed significantly less negative connectivity from the inferior parietal cortex seed to the fusiform gyrus and inferior occipital cortex in patients than in controls. The correlation patterns between [ 11 C]ABP688 BP ND and functional connectivity strength (β) for the superior prefrontal cortex seed were opposite in the depression and control groups. In conclusion, using a novel approach combining [ 11 C]ABP688 PET and rs-fMRI analyses, our study provides a first evidence of lower mGluR5 availability and related functional connectivity alterations in drug-naïve young adults with major depression without comorbidity., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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12. Tau positron emission tomography using [ 18 F]THK5351 and cerebral glucose hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease.

Author: Kang JM, Lee SY, Seo S, Jeong HJ, Woo SH, Lee H, Lee YB, Yeon BK, Shin DH, Park KH, Kang H, Okamura N, Furumoto S, Yanai K, Villemagne VL, Seong JK, Na DL, Ido T, Cho J, Lee KM, and Noh Y
Subjects: Aged, Alzheimer Disease psychology, Aminopyridines, Amnesia diagnostic imaging, Amnesia metabolism, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnostic imaging, Cognitive Dysfunction metabolism, Disease Progression, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Quinolines, Radiopharmaceuticals, Severity of Illness Index, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography, tau Proteins metabolism
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the clinical validity of [ 18 F]THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET) for the assessment of disease progression and symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fifty-one patients with AD dementia, 30 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 43 controls with normal cognition (NC) were included. All subjects underwent [ 18 F]THK5351 PET, 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging, and detailed neuropsychological tests. Regions of interest and voxel-based statistical analyses were performed. In patients with AD dementia, [ 18 F]THK5351 retention was greater in most association cortices as well as the limbic area compared to NC or aMCI participants. Patients with aMCI also showed higher THK5351 retention in those areas compared to NC. [ 18 F]THK5351 retention significantly correlated with neuropsychological test results. Negative correlations between [ 18 F]THK5351 and [ 18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose were observed in AD dementia and aMCI groups. Mirror images of [ 18 F]THK5351 retention and glucose hypometabolism in [ 18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose were noticeable in the focal variants of AD. [ 18 F]THK5351 PET reflects disease severity and symptoms in AD. Our results suggest [ 18 F]THK5351 is reflective of tau-related AD pathology., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2017
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13. New radiosynthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoroacetamido-D-glucopyranose and its evaluation as a bacterial infections imaging agent.

Author: Martínez ME, Kiyono Y, Noriki S, Inai K, Mandap KS, Kobayashi M, Mori T, Tokunaga Y, Tiwari VN, Okazawa H, Fujibayashi Y, and Ido T
Subjects: Acetylglucosamine chemical synthesis, Acetylglucosamine chemistry, Acetylglucosamine pharmacokinetics, Animals, Bacterial Infections diagnostic imaging, Bacterial Infections metabolism, Biological Transport, Cellobiose chemistry, Cellobiose pharmacokinetics, Diagnosis, Differential, Escherichia coli metabolism, Escherichia coli pathogenicity, Inflammation diagnosis, Male, Mice, Microwaves, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiopharmaceuticals chemical synthesis, Radiopharmaceuticals chemistry, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Rats, Acetylglucosamine analogs & derivatives, Bacterial Infections diagnosis, Cellobiose chemical synthesis, Radiochemistry methods
Abstract: Introduction: The diagnosis of infection and the ability to distinguish bacterial infection from nonbacterial inflammation by positron emission tomography (PET) have gained interest in recent years, but still few specific radiopharmaceuticals are available for use. In this study, we developed a new radiosynthesis method of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoroacetamido-d-glucopyranose ([(18)F]FAG) by applying microwave irradiation and demonstrated that [(18)F]FAG could be a potential radiopharmaceutical to distinguish bacterial infection from nonbacterial inflammation., Methods: 1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-bromoacetamido-d-glucopyranose was used as precursor, and labeling was performed under microwave irradiation conditions followed by alkaline hydrolysis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification. In vitro uptake of [(18)F]FAG by Escherichia coli was performed. Tissue biodistribution of [(18)F]FAG was performed in mice. Moreover, PET imaging acquisition of E. coli infection and nonbacterial inflammation models was performed in rats. Tissue radiotracer-accumulated sites were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and anti-E.coli immunostaining., Results: The radiosynthesis of [(18)F]FAG was achieved with microwave irradiation, and the radiochemical yield was 9.7%±2.8% end of bombardment (EOB); the radiochemical purity was more than 98%, and the total synthesis time was 62 min. Compared with control group, in vitro uptake of [(18)F]FAG by E. coli was significantly decrease in inhibition group (P<.05). Biodistribution studies in mice showed rapid clearance of [(18)F]FAG from the animal body. [(18)F]FAG clearly visualized the infection areas but not nonbacterial inflammation areas in PET studies. Quantitative analysis revealed that the uptake of [(18)F]FAG into infection areas was significantly higher than that of [(18)F]FAG into inflammation areas (P<.05). Histological analysis demonstrated the presence of bacterial cells at the sites of accumulation of [(18)F]FAG., Conclusions: Using 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-bromoacetamido-d-glucopyranose as a precursor, the new radiosynthesis method of [(18)F]FAG was achieved in fewer steps and with a shorter synthesis time than previously reported. Furthermore, [(18)F]FAG was able to distinguish bacterial infection from nonbacterial inflammation., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2011
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14. Development of microwave-based automated nucleophilic [(18)F]fluorination system and its application to the production of [(18)F]flumazenil.

Author: Mandap KS, Ido T, Kiyono Y, Kobayashi M, Lohith TG, Mori T, Kasamatsu S, Kudo T, Okazawa H, and Fujibayashi Y
Subjects: Animals, Automation, Ethanol chemistry, Hot Temperature, Injections, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Rats, Solubility, Solutions, Solvents chemistry, Staining and Labeling, Flumazenil chemistry, Fluorine Radioisotopes chemistry, Halogenation, Microwaves
Abstract: Introduction: This study presents the development of an automated radiosynthesis system integrating a microwave reactor and its subsequent application in the synthesis of [(18)F]flumazenil, a potentially useful compound in the evaluation of central benzodiazepine receptor density., Methods: Preparation of dry [K/K(222)](+18)F(-) complex and radiofluorination of the nitro-flumazenil precursor were achieved using the developed microwave-based radiosynthesis system. The crude product was prepurified in a C18 cartridge followed by reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The isolated [(18)F]flumazenil was evaporated in vacuo and reconstituted in an ethanol-free solution., Results: Optimum incorporation of (18)F(-) in the nitro-precursor was achieved in 5 min time utilizing 2 mg of precursor in N,N-dimethylformamide reacted at 160 degrees C which gave an incorporation yield of 40+/-5%. The radiochemical yield obtained at the end of synthesis was 26+/-4% (EOB) with a radiochemical purity of >99% and a total synthesis time of about 55-60 min. The produced [(18)F]flumazenil was observed to be stable for at least 8 h., Conclusion: The developed [(18)F]flumazenil radiosynthesis system offers shorter reaction time, simplicity in operation and applicability for use in routine clinical practice.
Published: 2009
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15. Tumor detection using 18F-labeled matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor.

Author: Furumoto S, Takashima K, Kubota K, Ido T, Iwata R, and Fukuda H
Subjects: Animals, Autoradiography methods, Female, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Neoplasm Transplantation, Organ Specificity, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, Tomography, Emission-Computed methods, Valine analogs & derivatives, Whole-Body Counting, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor metabolism, Sulfonamides pharmacokinetics, Valine pharmacokinetics
Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a key enzyme involved in tumor invasiveness. (2R)-2- [4-(6-[(18)F]Fluorohex-1-ynyl)-benzenesulfonylamino]-3-methylbutyric acid ([(18)F]SAV03), a new fluorine-18 labeled MMP-2 inhibitor developed for tumor imaging with PET, was biologically evaluated using in vivo tumor model. Enzymatic MMP-2 assay of SAV03 yielded an IC(50) value of 1.9 microM. Biodistribution study of [(18)F]SAV03 using Ehrlich tumor bearing mice showed that the uptake in tumor was higher than in other organs, except for the liver, small intestine, and bone. When [(18)F]SAV03M, a methyl ester of [(18)F]SAV03, was used as a prodrug, the uptake in liver at 30 min after injection decreased by half and that in tumor increased by 2.4 times, compared with [(18)F]SAV03. Radio-thin-layer chromatographic analysis of [(18)F]SAV03M metabolites revealed that administered [(18)F]SAV03M was easily converted to the parent drug in vivo and accumulated in tumor tissue. Thus, [(18)F]SAV03M is suitable as the prodrug of [(18)F]SAV03 with potent efficacy. Whole body autoradiography using [(18)F]SAV03M also indicated tumor-specific accumulation of radioactivity, while higher accumulations in bone and intestinal contents were observed. Our results suggest that [(18)F]SAV03M could be potentially suitable for tumor imaging with PET.
Published: 2003
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16. [18F] labeled diacylglycerol analogue as a potential agent to trace myocardial phosphoinositide metabolism.

Author: Chida M, Kagaya Y, Nagata S, Mukoyoshi M, Namiuchi S, Yamane Y, Ishide N, Watanabe J, Takahashi T, Ido T, and Shirato K
Subjects: Animals, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Liver metabolism, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Tissue Distribution, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Glycerol analogs & derivatives, Glycerol chemical synthesis, Myocardium metabolism, Phosphatidylinositols metabolism, Radiopharmaceuticals blood, Radiopharmaceuticals chemical synthesis
Abstract: Phosphoinositide metabolism plays an important role in cardiac pathophysiology. To investigate whether [18F]diacylglycerol could be used to trace myocardial phosphoinositide metabolism, lipids were extracted from rat myocardium after the injection. 1-[8-[18F]fluorooctanoyl]-2-palmitoylglycerol and 1-[8-[18F]fluoropalmitoyl]-2-palmitoylglycerol were predominantly metabolized to phosphatidylethanolamine and triacylglycerol, respectively. The radioactivity incorporated into phosphoinositide metabolism was 51, 44, 32, and 30% 3, 5, 10, and 30 minutes after the injection of 1-[4-[18F]fluorobutyryl]-2-palmitoylglycerol, respectively. 1-[4-[18F]fluorobutyryl]-2-palmitoylglycerol might be a potential tracer to evaluate myocardial phosphoinositide metabolism early after the injection.
Published: 2001
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17. Excitotoxicity induces changes in rat brain gangliosides.

Author: Valdes-Gonzalez T, Morita Y, Suzuki K, and Ido T
Subjects: Animals, Brain drug effects, Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists pharmacology, Functional Laterality, Gangliosides isolation & purification, Hippocampus drug effects, Hippocampus metabolism, Male, Olfactory Bulb drug effects, Olfactory Bulb metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, AMPA agonists, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate agonists, Reference Values, Time Factors, Amino Acids, Diamino, Brain metabolism, Gangliosides metabolism, Ibotenic Acid pharmacology, beta-Alanine analogs & derivatives, beta-Alanine pharmacology
Abstract: The patterns of major gangliosides in the rat hippocampi and olfactory bulbs was examined in vivo after microinjections of Ibotenic acid and L-BOAA (NMDA and AMPA receptor agonists, respectively) which were given under free-movement conditions. The excitotoxicity induced by injections of Ibotenic acid promoted transient ganglioside changes in olfactory bulbs and permanent changes in hippocampus. Four days after injections, the amount of gangliosides in the hippocampus increased significantly for GQ1b, GT1b and GD1b and decreased in the olfactory bulb for GQ1b, GT1b, GD1b, GD1a and GM1 compared to normal ganglioside levels. The alterations of gangliosides were minimal 1 day after injections. After 5 weeks, the amounts of GQ1b, GT1b and GD1b dramatically decreased in the hippocampus while in the olfactory bulbs gangliosides recovered to normal levels. The results obtained with L-BOAA 4 days after injections strengthen the results observed in the experiments using Ibotenic acid and corroborate our suggestion that gangliosides have an active role in the compensatory mechanism to maintain the number of glutamate receptors during the excitotoxicity.
Published: 2001
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18. Effects of haloperidol and cocaine pretreatments on brain distribution and kinetics of [11C]methamphetamine in methamphetamine sensitized dog: application of PET to drug pharmacokinetic study.

Author: Nakamura H, Hishinuma T, Tomioka Y, Ishiwata S, Ido T, Iwata R, Funaki Y, Itoh M, Fujiwara T, Yanai K, Sato M, Numachi Y, Yoshida S, and Mizugaki M
Subjects: Animals, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain drug effects, Carbon Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Cocaine blood, Cocaine pharmacokinetics, Dogs, Haloperidol blood, Haloperidol pharmacokinetics, Kinetics, Methamphetamine pharmacology, Organ Specificity, Tissue Distribution drug effects, Brain metabolism, Cocaine pharmacology, Haloperidol pharmacology, Methamphetamine pharmacokinetics, Tomography, Emission-Computed methods
Abstract: Repeated administration of methamphetamine (MAP) causes behavioral sensitization in animals. We previously reported that the maximum accumulation level of [11C]MAP in the MAP-sensitized dog brain was 1.4 times higher than that in the control. In behavioral studies, haloperidol (a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist) prevents MAP-induced behavioral sensitization, and cocaine (a dopamine reuptake blocker) has the cross-behavioral sensitization with MAP. In the present study, to elucidate the relation between the MAP-induced behavioral sensitization and the pharmacokinetics of MAP, we investigated the effects of haloperidol and cocaine pretreatments on brain regional distribution and kinetics of [11C]MAP using positron emission tomography (PET). A significant increase of [11C]MAP uptake into the sensitized dog brain was prevented by haloperidol and cocaine pretreatments. These pharmacokinetic changes were not due to the changes in the rate of MAP metabolism. These results suggest haloperidol and cocaine can change the cerebral pharmacokinetic profile of MAP in the behavioral-sensitized dog. The variations of MAP-accumulation may affect the development or expression of MAP-induced behavioral sensitization.
Published: 1997
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19. Brain 6-[18F]fluorodopa metabolism in early and late onset of Parkinson's disease studied by positron emission tomography.

Author: Nagasawa H, Tanji H, Itoyama Y, Saito H, Kimura I, Fujiwara T, Iwata R, Itoh M, and Ido T
Subjects: Adult, Age of Onset, Aged, Brain diagnostic imaging, Case-Control Studies, Caudate Nucleus metabolism, Dihydroxyphenylalanine metabolism, Female, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease diagnostic imaging, Putamen metabolism, Radioligand Assay, Statistics, Nonparametric, Brain metabolism, Dihydroxyphenylalanine analogs & derivatives, Dopamine physiology, Parkinson Disease metabolism, Presynaptic Terminals physiology, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Abstract: We measured 6-[18F]fluorodopa (FDOPA) uptake in the caudate nucleus and the putamen of 20 patients with early and late onset of Parkinson's disease (EOPD and LOPD) and 20 normal control subjects using positron emission tomography. The mean influx rate constant values (Ki) were significantly reduced in the caudate nucleus and the putamen of the patients with EOPD and LOPD compared with age-matched control groups (p < 0.01), respectively. There were significant negative correlations between Ki values in the caudate nucleus (r = -0.67, p = 0.0024) and the putamen (r = -0.67, p = 0.0014), and duration of disease in the LOPD group compared with the EOPD group. Similar negative relationships between Ki values and clinical stages by Hoehn and Yahr and degrees of main clinical symptoms (bradykinesia, tremor and rigidity) were more markedly seen in the LOPD group than in the EOPD group. The present results suggest that the function of presynaptic dopaminergic terminals correlates well with clinical disease severity and degrees of main symptoms in the LOPD group, but not in the EOPD group. We speculate that compensatory up-regulatory function in the postsynaptic dopaminergic receptors may modify disease severity and the degrees of main clinical symptoms of EOPD.
Published: 1996
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20. PET study of cerebral glucose metabolism and fluorodopa uptake in patients with corticobasal degeneration.

Author: Nagasawa H, Tanji H, Nomura H, Saito H, Itoyama Y, Kimura I, Tuji S, Fujiwara T, Iwata R, Itoh M, and Ido T
Subjects: Aged, Apraxias diagnostic imaging, Apraxias metabolism, Apraxias pathology, Atrophy, Basal Ganglia metabolism, Basal Ganglia pathology, Basal Ganglia Diseases diagnostic imaging, Basal Ganglia Diseases pathology, Brain Diseases pathology, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Deoxyglucose analogs & derivatives, Deoxyglucose pharmacokinetics, Dihydroxyphenylalanine pharmacokinetics, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Basal Ganglia diagnostic imaging, Brain Diseases diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Cortex diagnostic imaging, Dihydroxyphenylalanine analogs & derivatives, Glucose metabolism, Nerve Degeneration, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Abstract: We measured cerebral glucose utilization and fluorodopa metabolism in the brain of patients with corticobasal degeneration using position emission tomography. The clinical pictures are distinctive, comprising features referable to both cerebral cortical and basal ganglionic dysfunctions. Brain images of glucose metabolism can demonstrate specific abnormalities with a marked asymmetry in the parietal cortex (the primary motor and sensory cortex and the lateral parietal cortex), the thalamus, the caudate nucleus and the putamen of the dominantly affected hemisphere related to clinical symptoms in six patients. [18F]dopa uptake also reduced in an asymmetric pattern, both the caudate nucleus and the putamen in four patients. This unique combination study measuring both cerebral glucose utilization and fluorodopa metabolism in the nigrostriatal system can provide efficient information about the dysfunctions which are correlated with individual clinical symptoms.
Published: 1996

21. Whole-body metabolic map with positron emission tomography of a man after running.

Author: Fujimoto T, Itoh M, Kumano H, Tashiro M, and Ido T
Subjects: Adult, Deoxyglucose analogs & derivatives, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Male, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Running physiology, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Published: 1996
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22. Biological evaluation of 5-methyl-branched-chain omega-[18F]fluorofatty acid: a potential myocardial imaging tracer for positron emission tomography.

Author: Takahashi T, Nishimura S, Ido T, Ishiwata K, and Iwata R
Subjects: Animals, Dogs, Emulsions, Isotope Labeling methods, Rats, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tissue Distribution, Fatty Acids pharmacokinetics, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified pharmacokinetics, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Heart diagnostic imaging, Myocardium metabolism, Palmitic Acids pharmacokinetics, Tomography, Emission-Computed methods
Abstract: 5-Methyl-17-[18F]fluoroheptadecanoic acid (5-MFHA) has been proposed as a new myocardial imaging tracer for positron emission tomography (PET), containing methyl-branching at the odd-numbered position, except the 3-position. To compare the site of methyl-branching of fatty acids on the contribution to myocardial imaging, the biological evaluation of 5-MFHA-using accumulation studies, metabolic studies, and PET studies of the heart muscle-was investigated. In the comparative biodistribution studies for 16-[18F]fluoropalmitic acid (FPA), 3-methyl-17-[18F]fluoroheptadecanoic acid (3-MFHA) and 5-MFHA, the initial myocardial uptake of 5-MFHA (2.64 [%dose/g tissue]) was relatively high between those of FPA and 3-MFHA (3.45 and 1.58, respectively), and the washout from myocardium of 5-MFHA was midway between those of FPA and 3-MFHA. In the lipid analysis studies, 5-MFHA was mainly metabolized to triglycerides in the myocardium, and its metabolic pattern was similar to that of straight-chain fatty acids (FPA). In the PET studies using 5-MFHA in canines, good myocardial images were obtained for up to 30 min after injection.
Published: 1996
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23. Positron emission tomography (PET) study of the alterations in brain distribution of [11C]methamphetamine in methamphetamine sensitized dog.

Author: Mizugaki M, Nakamura H, Hishinuma T, Tomioka Y, Ishiwata S, Suzuki H, Ido T, Iwata R, Funaki Y, and Itoh M
Subjects: Animals, Brain drug effects, Carbon Radioisotopes, Dogs, Isotope Labeling methods, Motor Activity drug effects, Stereotyped Behavior drug effects, Time Factors, Tissue Distribution, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Methamphetamine pharmacokinetics, Methamphetamine pharmacology, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Abstract: [11C]Methamphetamine ([11C]MAP) was synthesized by an automated on-line [11C]methylation system for positron emission tomography (PET) study. We newly produced a MAP sensitized dog by repeated MAP treatment and studied the brain distribution of [11C]MAP in the normal and the MAP sensitized dog. The maximal level of accumulation of [11C]MAP in the sensitized dog brain was 1.4 times higher than that in the control. No difference was found in the metabolism of MAP between the two conditions. The significant increase of [11C]MAP in the MAP sensitized brain indicates that subchronic MAP administration causes some functional change in uptake site of MAP.
Published: 1995
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24. Inhibition of bacterial and viral sialidases by 3-fluoro-N-acetylneuraminic acid.

Author: Hagiwara T, Kijima-Suda I, Ido T, Ohrui H, and Tomita K
Subjects: Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Structure, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Bacteria enzymology, Influenza A virus enzymology, Neuraminidase antagonists & inhibitors, Sialic Acids pharmacology
Published: 1994
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25. Metabolic disturbances in exo-focal brain areas after cortical stroke studied by positron emission tomography.

Author: Nagasawa H, Kogure K, Fujiwara T, Itoh M, and Ido T
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Brain diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Arteries, Cerebral Cortex diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Infarction diagnostic imaging, Deoxyglucose metabolism, Female, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Organ Specificity, Parietal Lobe diagnostic imaging, Parietal Lobe metabolism, Brain metabolism, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Cerebral Infarction metabolism, Deoxyglucose analogs & derivatives, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Abstract: We have reported that exo-focal delayed neuronal damage was observed in the ipsilateral thalamus and the substantia nigra of the rat brain after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). To determine if that phenomenon also occurs in humans, we measured cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (CMRGlc) in the remote brain areas at a chronic stage after cortical infarction using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose and position emission tomography (PET). The subjects studied were 11 patients who were affected by unilateral cerebral infarction in the cortex supplied by MCA. There were significant decreases of CMRGlc as compared with control values (p < 0.01), not only in the cerebral cortex directly damaged by the ischemic insult, but also in the ipsilateral thalamus and in the contralateral cerebellum, areas in which no lesions had been detected by MRI or CT scan. The present study indicates that different mechanisms may be responsible for multi-focal metabolic disturbances in the remote areas after stroke. The reduction of CMRGlc in the contralateral cerebellum may be explained by the crossed cerebellar diaschisis theory and in the ipsilateral thalamus as being due to retrograde degeneration associated with the infarcted cortex. We suggest that these multi-focal brain dysfunctions caused by neuronal network disturbances may exacerbate clinical symptoms at a chronic stage of stroke.
Published: 1994
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26. 6-[18F]fluorodopa metabolism in patients with hemiparkinsonism studied by positron emission tomography.

Author: Nagasawa H, Saito H, Kogure K, Hatazawa J, Itoh M, Fujiwara T, Watanuki S, Seo S, Iwata R, and Ido T
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Dihydroxyphenylalanine metabolism, Female, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Caudate Nucleus metabolism, Dihydroxyphenylalanine analogs & derivatives, Parkinson Disease diagnostic imaging, Parkinson Disease metabolism, Putamen metabolism, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Abstract: A group of 10 healthy control subjects and 10 patients with hemiparkinsonism (HD) were studied by positron emission tomography (PET) using 6-[18F]fluorodopa (FDOPA). FDOPA metabolism in the caudate nucleus and the putamen was separately estimated by measuring target-to-background ratios (TBRs) using composite images added between 30 and 60 min after FDOPA injection and by TBR-versus-time slopes during PET study. TBRs in the caudate nucleus and the putamen were 1.81 +/- 0.23 (mean +/- SD) and 1.92 +/- 0.28 in the 10 controls, respectively. In HD patients, on the dominantly affected hemisphere related to main clinical symptoms, TBRs were significantly decreased in the caudate nucleus (P < 0.01) and the putamen (P < 0.05) compared with those in the corresponding areas on the contralateral hemisphere, though those TBRs on both hemispheres were significantly decreased compared with the TBRs of normal subjects (P < 0.01). TBRs and TBR slopes in both the caudate nucleus and the putamen were correlated with disease severity according to Hoehn and Yahr. On the dominantly affected hemisphere, TBR and TBR slopes in the putamen were well correlated with individual clinical measures for bradykinesia and rigidity, and those in the caudate nucleus were also correlated with the severity of tremor. Our data suggest that in HD patients, PET study using FDOPA may provide unique and efficient information on the dysfunction of the dominantly affected caudate nucleus and the putamen which are correlated with diseased severity and individual clinical symptoms.
Published: 1993
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27. Micro-autoradiographic method to study [18F]FDG uptake in mouse tissue.

Author: Kubota R, Yamada S, Kubota K, Ishiwata K, and Ido T
Subjects: Animals, Autoradiography methods, Deoxyglucose pharmacokinetics, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Brain metabolism, Deoxyglucose analogs & derivatives
Abstract: A new micro-autoradiographic method using 18F (half-life: 109.8 min) was developed to detect 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in mouse tissues. A linear relationship between the number of silver grains and corresponding 18F-radioactivity was observed. The half-distance of spatial resolution with 18F-micro-autoradiography was about 2.1 microns. The grain number increased with exposure time until 6 h, but 7 h or longer exposure induced a characteristic latent image fading. After i.v. injection of [18F]FDG into normal mice, the highest grain level among the hippocampal regions of the brain was found in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare followed by the dentate molecular and the stratum oriens. All granular and pyramidal cell layers showed lower grain levels than neuropil fields. In the pyramidal cell fields, the CA3a contained the highest grain level and the CA4 the lowest. This method requires only 4 h exposure and can be applied to all 18F-tracers to assess the tracer-tissue association.
Published: 1993
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28. Histamine H1 receptors in complex partial seizures.

Author: Iinuma K, Yokoyama H, Otsuki T, Yanai K, Watanabe T, Ido T, and Itoh M
Subjects: Humans, Brain Chemistry, Glucose analysis, Receptors, Histamine H1 analysis, Seizures diagnostic imaging, Tomography, Emission-Computed
Published: 1993
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29. Inhibition of corneal epithelial wound healing. A comparative study of mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil.

Author: Ando H, Ido T, Kawai Y, Yamamoto T, and Kitazawa Y
Subjects: Animals, Cell Division drug effects, Cornea pathology, Cornea physiopathology, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Epithelium drug effects, Epithelium pathology, Epithelium physiopathology, Rabbits, Cornea drug effects, Fluorouracil pharmacology, Mitomycin pharmacology, Wound Healing drug effects
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of the antiproliferative agents, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC), on the intact corneal epithelium and on epithelial wound healing in the rabbit cornea., Methods: Using an eye cup made of polymethylmethacrylate, the intact rabbit corneas were bathed for 5 or 15 minutes with either MMC (in concentrations of 0.0016%, 0.008%, 0.04%, and 0.2%) or 5-FU (in concentrations of 1% and 5%). The same concentrations of MMC or 5-FU were applied to the cornea with the eye cup in which epithelial cells were mechanically removed. The contralateral fellow eyes, which were bathed in balanced salt solution in the eye cup, had the cornea intact or mechanically abraded and served as controls. Five to six animals were used only once for each concentration of MMC or 5-FU., Results: Neither MMC nor 5-FU caused any discernible changes in the intact cornea of any of the eyes. The epithelial healing was retarded by mitomycin in a dose-related manner, and ID50 was calculated to be 0.06%. Five-fluorouracil 5% significantly delayed epithelial healing, but 1% failed to do so. Mitomycin C was estimated to be at least 125 times as potent as 5-FU in inhibiting corneal epithelial healing., Conclusion: These results indicate that particular care should be taken to minimize corneal contact with MMC in the clinical setting, particularly when epithelial defects are present.
Published: 1992
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30. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure of normal-tension glaucoma. Influence of sleep and arousal.

Author: Ido T, Tomita G, and Kitazawa Y
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arousal, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tonometry, Ocular, Circadian Rhythm, Glaucoma physiopathology, Intraocular Pressure, Sleep
Abstract: The measurement of the diurnal variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is indispensable for the diagnosis of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). To determine the diurnal variation of IOP, its measurement has to be made repeatedly for 24 hours, which interferes with patients's sleep at night and may influence the physiologic IOP variation. The authors studied the IOP variation in 82 NTG suspects, whose IOP was first measured every 2 hours for 24 hours. The following night they were suddenly aroused without any notice and IOP was measured. The diurnal IOP variation of NTG patients was found to be similar to that of the normal population and there was no significant difference in the IOP values at the same time points on the two successive nights. Sleep may have little, if any, influence on diurnal IOP variation in NTG patients.
Published: 1991
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30 results on '"T. Ido"'

1. Investigation of radial distribution of atomic hydrogen flux to the plasma facing components in steady state discharges in QUEST tokamak

2. Toroidal flow measurements of impurity ions in QUEST ECH plasmas using multiple viewing chords emission spectroscopy

3. Core plasma confinement during detachment transition with RMP application in LHD

4. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

5. ACHIEVMENT OF 1.6MW/5000sec OPERATION of RF OSCILLATOR on the LARGE HELICAL DEVICE

6. Contributors

7. Quantitative Imaging of [11C]Benztropine in the Human Brain with Graphic Analysis and Spectral Analysis

8. Noninvasive Determination of Arterial Input of 15O Tracers, Using a Dual Cutaneous β-Detector Set above the Radial Artery

9. Erratum to "Twice- or once-daily dosing of direct oral anticoagulants and gastrointestinal bleeding in patient with atrial fibrillation" [Am. Heart J. Plus: Cardiol. Res. Pract. Volume 22, October 2022, 100203].

10. Twice- or once-daily dosing of direct oral anticoagulants and gastrointestinal bleeding in patient with atrial fibrillation.

11. In vivo metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 availability-associated functional connectivity alterations in drug-naïve young adults with major depression.

12. Tau positron emission tomography using [ 18 F]THK5351 and cerebral glucose hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease.

13. New radiosynthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoroacetamido-D-glucopyranose and its evaluation as a bacterial infections imaging agent.

14. Development of microwave-based automated nucleophilic [(18)F]fluorination system and its application to the production of [(18)F]flumazenil.

15. Tumor detection using 18F-labeled matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor.

16. [18F] labeled diacylglycerol analogue as a potential agent to trace myocardial phosphoinositide metabolism.

17. Excitotoxicity induces changes in rat brain gangliosides.

18. Effects of haloperidol and cocaine pretreatments on brain distribution and kinetics of [11C]methamphetamine in methamphetamine sensitized dog: application of PET to drug pharmacokinetic study.

19. Brain 6-[18F]fluorodopa metabolism in early and late onset of Parkinson's disease studied by positron emission tomography.

20. PET study of cerebral glucose metabolism and fluorodopa uptake in patients with corticobasal degeneration.

21. Whole-body metabolic map with positron emission tomography of a man after running.

22. Biological evaluation of 5-methyl-branched-chain omega-[18F]fluorofatty acid: a potential myocardial imaging tracer for positron emission tomography.

23. Positron emission tomography (PET) study of the alterations in brain distribution of [11C]methamphetamine in methamphetamine sensitized dog.

24. Inhibition of bacterial and viral sialidases by 3-fluoro-N-acetylneuraminic acid.

25. Metabolic disturbances in exo-focal brain areas after cortical stroke studied by positron emission tomography.

26. 6-[18F]fluorodopa metabolism in patients with hemiparkinsonism studied by positron emission tomography.

27. Micro-autoradiographic method to study [18F]FDG uptake in mouse tissue.

28. Histamine H1 receptors in complex partial seizures.

29. Inhibition of corneal epithelial wound healing. A comparative study of mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil.

30. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure of normal-tension glaucoma. Influence of sleep and arousal.

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