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Listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon cause of brain abscesses. Immunocompromised hosts, pregnant women and patients at extremes of age are especially susceptible. We discuss the successful management of a woman with autoimmune hepatitis on prednisone and azathioprine therapy with a L. monocytogenes brain abscess. Previously thought to be a rare cause of central nervous system (CNS) infection, the incidence of CNS listeriosis has increased due to a rise in organ and bone marrow transplantation requiring immunosuppressive medications. L. monocytogenes brain abscesses are now more frequently described and are associated with high rates of concomitant bacteremia suggesting a hematogenous route of infection. Keywords: Listeria monocytogenes, Brain abscess, Autoimmune hepatitis, Azathioprine