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Objectives: Advance care planning (ACP) allows patients to acknowledge and document their preferences regarding end-of-life care and to ensure their fulfilment. Several factors were found to be related to patients' motivation regarding this process, such as their fear of being a burden on family members; however, the completion rate of the ACP forms is partial. The current study aimed to evaluate the barriers and motives among Israeli cancer patients regarding ACP, including many older adults., Setting and Measurements: Advanced cancer patients participated in the study. All completed an initial questionnaire to evaluate their basic knowledge regarding the issue. Participants who agreed to talk with a social worker completed a semi open-ended questionnaire which investigated their main motives and barriers regarding the issue., Results: Most of the patients who completed the ACP forms were older and had lung cancer. They mentioned information and open communication with family and staff members as the main enabling factors. Their main motives were to ensure that the best medical decisions would be made and to avoid unnecessary medical procedures. The main reasons for not completing the forms was no close relative who would agree to take the responsibility as well as timing. Most of the participants did not hear about the issue from sources outside the oncology division., Conclusions: Despite several limitations, the current findings may have important implications regarding ways to establish a more suitable ACP process, adjusted to older patients' needs. This may assist in promoting patients' cooperation with ACP and its implementation in the medical system, including older adults., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest No author has any conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the findings from the published data of frameless stereotactic radiation therapy (RT) to the resection cavity delivered with nonrobotic linear accelerator in patients with brain metastases., Methods: The studies cited in this systematic review were identified through a search of the PubMed database, using the search terms: "stereotactic [Title/Abstract]" and "Brain [Title/Abstract]," and "Metas* [Title/Abstract]." The search was unlimited to language and publication year., Results: A total of 9 studies were included in our review. Stereotactic RT to the resection cavity appears to provide excellent local control rates that are comparable to framed stereotactic RT. There are various factors that influence local control. Distant intracranial control rates are poor with the use of postoperative stereotactic RT compared with local treatment (surgery or stereotactic RT) plus whole-brain RT., Conclusions: Stereotactic RT to the resection cavity appears to provide good local control rates and poor distant intracranial control. Postoperative treatment should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team and tailored to each case individually., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Context: Several chemotherapy agents induce polyneuropathy that is painful for some patients, but not for others. We assumed that these differences might be attributable to varying patterns of pain modulation., Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate pain modulation in such patients., Methods: Twenty-seven patients with chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy were tested for detection thresholds (cold, warm, and mechanical) in both the forearm and foot, as well as for heat pain threshold, mechanical temporal summation (TS), and conditioned pain modulation (CPM; also known as the diffuse noxious inhibitory control-like effect), which were tested in the upper limbs., Results: Positive correlations were found between clinical pain levels and both TS (r=0.52, P=0.005) and CPM (r=0.40, P=0.050) for all patients. In addition, higher TS was associated with less efficient CPM (r=0.56, P=0.004). The group of patients with painful polyneuropathy (n=12) showed a significantly higher warm detection threshold in the foot (P=0.03), higher TS (P<0.01), and less efficient CPM (P=0.03) in comparison to the group with nonpainful polyneuropathy., Conclusion: The painfulness of polyneuropathy is associated with a "pronociceptive" modulation pattern, which may be primary to the development of pain. The higher warm sensory thresholds in the painful polyneuropathy group suggest that the severity of polyneuropathy may be another factor in determining its painfulness., (Copyright © 2011 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)