1. Concerted outcome of metformin and low dose of radiation in modulation of cisplatin induced uremic encephalopathy via renal and neural preservation.
- Author
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Hasan HF, Rashed LA, and El Bakary NM
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents toxicity, Brain Diseases chemically induced, Brain Diseases metabolism, Brain Diseases pathology, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Glutathione metabolism, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Male, NF-kappa B metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Rats, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Uremia chemically induced, Uremia metabolism, Uremia pathology, Biomarkers metabolism, Brain Diseases prevention & control, Cisplatin toxicity, Gamma Rays, Metformin pharmacology, Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology, Uremia prevention & control
- Abstract
Aim: The therapeutic expediency of cisplatin was limited due to its nephrotoxic side effects, so this study planned to assess the nephrotic and neuroprotective impact of metformin (MET) and low-dose radiation (LDR) in cisplatin-prompted kidney injury and uremic encephalopathy (UE)., Methods: The effect of the 10-day MET treatment (200 mg/kg, orally) and/or fractionated LDR (0.25 Gy, of the total dose of 0.5 Gy, 1st and 7th day, respectively) on (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) cisplatin as a single dose was administered at the 5th day. Serum urea, creatinine and renal kidney injury molecule-1 were measured for the assessment of kidney function. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential in the renal and brain tissues was evaluated through, malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione estimation. Moreover, renal apoptotic markers: AMP-activated protein kinase, lipocalin, B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein, B-cell lymphoma 2, P53 and beclin 1 were estimated. UE was evaluated through the determination of serum inflammatory markers: nuclear factor kappa B, tumor-necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1 beta likewise, the cognitive deficits were assessed via forced swimming test, gamma-aminobutyric acid, n-methyl-d-aspartate and neuronal nitric oxide synthases besides AMP-activated protein kinase, light chain 3 and caspase3 levels in rats' cerebella., Key Findings: The obtained results revealed a noticeable improvement in the previously mentioned biochemical factors and behavioral tasks that was reinforced by histopathological examination when using the present remedy., Significance: metformin and low doses of radiation afforded renoprotection and neuroprotection against cisplatin-induced acute uremic encephalopathy., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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