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To maintain the stability of temperature and displacement of runway in frozen soil regions and ensure the safety of the aircraft taking off and landing, the runway with the parallel perforated ventilation subgrade is proposed. The numerical model of runway is established and verified by comparing with the air velocity field, temperature field, and displacement field in previous studies. Results show the parallel perforated ventilation subgrade is suitable for runway in frozen soil regions, and effectively reduce temperature and maintain stability of runway. The displacement of runway decreases rapidly after the subgrade is cooled by the parallel perforated ventilation for the first year, and tends to a fluctuated range of −2.5–0 mm after the tenth year. The maximum thawing settlement of runway appears on December 20th every year. The displacement of runway is increasing from the center of pavement to the natural surface, and the lateral inhomogeneous displacement between pavement and natural surface increases year by year. The annual maximum displacement in the center of pavement decreases rapidly in the first five years, then decreases slowly, and tends to fluctuate steadily after the seventeenth year. This study provides technical support for the design and construction, operation and maintenance of runway.

This study comprehensively examines how combining γ-irradiation and enzymatic modification influences the microstructure and physicochemical properties of dietary fiber (DF) obtained from defatted rice bran. The resulting yields of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) were measured at 13.38 ± 0.40 g/100 g and 52.19 ± 0.97 g/100 g, respectively. The modifications led to a diminish in particle size, an increase in specific surface area, and an improvement in water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity, glucose adsorption capacity, and cholesterol adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the modified DF exhibited enhanced anti-digestive properties and probiotic activity. Cluster and principal component analysis results revealed that the modified SDF exhibited superior functional properties. Correlation analysis indicated a noticeable relationship between the monosaccharide composition of DF and its functional characteristics. These findings suggest that γ-irradiation combined with enzymatic modification represents a viable approach for enhancing the quality of rice bran DF.

ABSTRACT: Fermentation of feed with probiotic and biofunctional properties has gained global attention for its potential to enhance digestive absorption and improve overall functional quality. This study investigates the antioxidant capacity and expression of antioxidant-related genes in broiler chickens fed with fermented corn gluten meal (FCGM) containing mixed microbial cultures. Seventy-two male Yellow-Feathered broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 2 groups, each consisting of 3 replicates, and were fed experimental diets containing either corn gluten meal or FCGM for 42 d. The antioxidant capacity of FCGM was assessed in vivo. Chickens fed with FCGM exhibited significant increases in serum glutathione concentration, as well as enhanced activities of total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase (CAT) in their serum. Similar trends were observed in the liver, specifically in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and CAT. Additionally, the expression levels of key antioxidant-related genes in the liver, such as glutathione synthase, superoxide dismutase 1, superoxide dismutase 2, CAT, and glutathione peroxidase 1, were examined. The results indicated that FCGM significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity in broiler chickens. This study highlights the potential benefits of utilizing solid-state fermentation with mixed microbial cultures to improve the antioxidant properties of corn gluten meal, thereby contributing to the overall health and well-being of broiler chickens.

Intestinal barrier is an important basis for intestinal function, which can strictly control the exchange of substances between the host and the external environment. An intact intestianl barrier is also the guardian of human health. In this study, the protective effect of corn protein hydrolysate with glutamine-rich peptides (APH) on intestinal epithelial cell barrier was evaluated in Caco-2 cell inflammatory damage model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, the sequences of glutamine peptides in APH were identified by Nano LC-MS/MS, and the structural characteristics of the identified glutamine peptides were analyzed. The results showed that the hydrolysate effectively alleviated LPS-induced cell damage and decreased the inflammatory response by down-regulating the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β) and up-regulating the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Moreover, the hydrolysate also up-regulated the gene expression of three tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) to maintain the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier. More importantly, the hydrolysate protected the intestinal barrier function via down-regulating the key genes expression (TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB) in the NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibiting the overexpression of MLCK gene in the MLCK signaling pathway. Finally, 374 corn glutamine peptides were identified from APH, and their structural characteristics showed that corn glutamine peptides had high affinity with membrane proteins. Taken together, these results indicated that APH has excellent potential to protect intestinal barrier function and can be developed into a functional health food.

A comprehensive investigation aimed to access the impacts of ultrasonic, microwave, and ultrasonic-microwave synergistic modification on the physicochemical properties, microstructure, and functional properties of corn bran insoluble dietary fiber (CBIDF). Our findings revealed that CBIDF presented a porous structure with loose folds, and the particle size and relative crystallinity were slightly decreased after modification. The CBIDF, which was modified by ultrasound-microwave synergistic treatment, exhibited remarkable benefits in terms of its adsorption capacity, and cholate adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the modification improved the in vitro hypoglycemic activity of the CBIDF by enhancing glucose absorption, retarding the starch hydrolysis, and facilitating the diffusion of glucose solution. The findings from the in vitro probiotic activity indicate that ultrasound-microwave synergistic modification also enhances the growth-promoting ability and adsorbability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum. Additionally, the level of soluble dietary fiber was found to be positively correlated with CBIDF adsorbability, while the crystallinity of CBIDF showed a negative correlation with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activity, as well as water-holding capacity, and oil-holding capacity.

More than 50% of the world population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Potential anti-adhesive peptides from corn protein hydrolysate were developed using in vitro methodologies to prevent Helicobacter pylori infection. To obtain anti-adhesive peptides against Helicobacter pylori, corn gluten meal (CGM) was hydrolyzed by neutrase, and the hydrolysate (CPHN) was purified by using Superdex peptide gel filtration, Q anion exchange and Mono Q anion exchange. Then, sequences of peptides were identified by Nano-LC-MS/MS, and the structural and functional properties of the identified peptides were characterized. Three novel peptides Pro-Tyr-Ala-Glu-Tyr (PYAEY, PY5), Ile-Ile-Pro-Gln-Cys-Ser (IIPQCS, II6) and Thr-Ile-Ile-Pro-Gln (TIIPQ, TI5) were identified, respectively. PY5 exhibited the best anti-adhesive activity among the three novel peptides, and its anti-adhesive activity was 40.75 ± 0.72% at 4 mg/mL. Meanwhile, PY5 also possessed significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity and excellent 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging capacity, with IC50 values of 1.650 ± 0.184 and 0.007 ± 0.001 mg/mL, respectively, suggesting that PY5 could alleviate stomach damage induced by Helicobacter pylori infection. In addition, molecular docking and dot blot results showed that PY5 could also conjugate with the Helicobacter pylori adhesins, SabA and BabA, through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond inhibiting Helicobacter pylori adhesion. These results indicate that three novel peptides from corn protein hydrolysate have potential anti-adhesive and antioxidant effects and could serve as functional foods or drugs to prevent Helicobacter pylori infection.

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is a significant global pest in horticultural and field crops. Afidopyropen is a novel systemic insecticide with high efficacy against sucking pests, and it is suitable for the management of M. persicae. However, the persistent toxicity and dissipation dynamics of afidopyropen in vegetables remain unknown. In this study, we determined the residual activity and dissipation dynamics of afidopyropen against M. persicae on cabbage and chili. The data showed that the toxicity of afidopyropen against M. persicae lasted more than 30 days; the corrected mortality was greater than 80% 10 days after application and was 50–60% 30 days post-application. The afidopyropen residues on cabbage and chili plants were quantified using ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The dissipation half-lives of afidopyropen on cabbage and chili plants ranged from 1.45 to 2.34 days and 3.98–5.98 days at different recommended dosages, respectively. Our findings provide valuable data for the maximum residue limits of afidopyropen on vegetables and will help growers determine the frequency and timing of its application on cabbage and chili.

Alcoholic liver disease is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases that causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study demonstrated the protective potential of Alcalase-black soybean-derived peptides (BSPs) against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. BSPs were rich in oligopeptides (80%, w/w, 0.05). All treatments significantly (P

Corn gluten meal (CGM) is a major by-product of corn wet milling. Pretreatments of CGM by Na2CO3, starch removal, and cooking reduced the total starch and fat by 93% and 78%, respectively. Higher antioxidant hydrolysate was prepared by using Alcalase, Protamex and Flavourzyme at a substrate concentration of 13.5% (w/w). The degree of hydrolysis reached 29.49% and 27.11%. The peptides in hydrolysate were in the range of 1200–250 Da. It increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced MDA equivalents of mice at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Therefore, corn gluten can be developed into an antioxidant supplement.