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Your search keyword '"Yoshiko ONO"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Yoshiko ONO" Publisher elsevier
2 results on '"Yoshiko ONO"'

1. The Mechanism Underlying the Synergetic Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Sesamin and α-Tocopherol in Rats Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet

Author

Tomohiro Rogi, Namino Tomimori, Yoshiko Ono, and Yoshinobu Kiso

Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Sesamin is a major lignan in sesame seed. We confirmed that ingestion of sesamin and α-tocopherol synergistically reduced the concentration of blood cholesterol in rats given a high-cholesterol diet. To elucidate the molecular mechanism behind this effect, we analyzed the gene-expression profiles in rat liver after co-ingestion of sesamin and α-tocopherol. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 1% cholesterol diet (HC) or HC containing 0.2% sesamin, 1% α-tocopherol or sesamin + α-tocopherol for 10 days. Blood samples were collected on days 1, 3, 7, and 10 and livers were excised on day 10. The gene expressions of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), members 5 (ABCG5) and 8 (ABCG8) were significantly increased, while the gene expression of apolipoprotein (Apo) A4 was significantly decreased. ABCG5 and ABCG8 form a functional heterodimer that acts as a cholesterol efflux transporter, which contributes to the excretion of cholesterol from the liver. ApoA4 controls the secretion of ApoB, which is a component of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. These studies indicate that the cholesterol-lowering mechanism underlying the effects of co-ingestion of sesamin and α-tocopherol might be attributable to increased biliary excretion of cholesterol and reduced ApoB secretion into the blood-stream. Keywords:: sesamin, hypocholesterolemic activity, α-tocopherol, ATP-binding cassette transporter, apolipoprotein

Published
2011
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2. Risk factors associated with the within-farm transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus and the incidence of persistently infected cattle on dairy farms from Ibaraki prefecture of Japan

Author

Kaoru Yamashita, Shoko Oya, Mariko Takayasu, Yuji Yaguchi, Yoshinao Ouchi, Yoko Hayama, Masataka Akagami, Yuki Fujii, Satoko Seki, Yoshiko Ono, Yuki Kashima, and Atsushi Suzuki

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Veterinary medicine, Farms, 040301 veterinary sciences, animal diseases, Persistently infected, Biology, Virus, law.invention, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, Japan, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, law, Epidemiology, medicine, Animals, Seroprevalence, Viral diarrhea, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral, General Veterinary, Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Transmission (mechanics), Herd, Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease, Cattle, Female, Seasons
Abstract

For understanding the factors affecting bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) transmission, this study investigated the distribution of BVDV and the epidemiological features of persistently infected (PI) cattle in Ibaraki Prefecture of Japan, and identified farm-level risk factors associated with BVDV infection, with a focus on within-farm transmission and PI animal detection. Among all 377 dairy farms, forty-four PI cattle were identified on 22 farms. Thirty-eight and six PI cattle were born on their current farms or purchased, respectively. Twenty-six PI cattle were born from pregnancies on their current farms, seven from pregnancies in summer pastures, and eight from pregnancies on other farms. The within-farm seroprevalence on farms with PI animals was significantly higher than that on farms without PI cattle. Of 333 farms holding homebred cattle without movement records, antibody-positivity in homebred cattle was observed on 194 farms; these cattle were likely infected by within-farm transmission. Herd size, summer pasturing, and BVDV infection status of the nearest dairy farm were risk factors associated with within-farm transmission. Likewise, herd size, summer pasturing, and the proportion of purchased cattle were related to PI animal occurrence. This study shows the risk of within-farm transmission and occurrence of PI animals after the introduction of BVDV via purchasing and summer pasturing, and illustrates the significant role of PI cattle in circulating BVDV. More effective measures for screening BVDV infection and PI animals, including intensive tests targeting moved cattle and newborn calves, and bulk milk surveillance, are required to control the spread of BVDV in Japan.

Published
2020
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