Search

Biomass-derived carbon offers a promising solution for energy storage due to its low-cost abundance and environmentally sustainable nature. However, biomass carbon materials (BCMs) possess differing physical and chemical properties, which may affect their performance in energy storage applications. It is crucial to tailor the materials for specific applications to achieve consistency and controllable properties, such as pore structure, surface chemistry, and electrical conductivity. Herein, we comprehensively summarize biomass preparation methods and their diverse structures for energy storage validation. This review systematically explains the natural advantages of materials derived from biomass and their use as electrodes in advanced rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion, sodium-ion, potassium-ion, lithium-sulfur, and other batteries. This study provided the current research state on biomass-based carbon, encompassing its synthesis, properties, and electrochemical performance. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and future opportunities to explore further the potential of biomass-derived carbon for the energy storage sector.

In this study, a layered MgFe/double hydroxide (MgFe/LDH) adsorbent for nitrate removal from simulated systems was developed and investigated. Three different synthesis methods were used: coprecipitation at constant pH (CC), conventional hydrothermal (CH), and pre-ultrasonic followed by conventional hydrothermal (UCH). The XRD results indicated that all synthesized samples presented the characteristic structure of LDHs. The analysis of FT-IR spectra before and after nitrate adsorption allowed the analysis of NO3−MgFe/LDH interaction in different adsorbents. Adsorption kinetics showed that all adsorbents reached equilibrium around 120 min, with the adsorption capacity being 6.970, 6.690, and 5.610 mg g−1 for the UCH, CH, and CC, respectively. Pseudo-second order and Langmuir models were the best models for describing the kinetics and isotherm data. The highest maximum adsorption capacity was reached at 330 K, with a value of 21.18 mg g−1 for the UHC. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption of nitrate was exothermic and spontaneous despite the system. The results of this study suggest that the MgFe/LDH adsorbent synthesized by the UCH method with hydrothermal treatment presents a promising and efficient way of removing nitrate from polluted water, with potential application in the purification of water for human and environmental use.

Perovskite oxides have garnered immense interest across diverse fields owing to their exceptional properties. Among these, SrTiO3 is an excellent photocatalyst under UV light and boasts remarkable thermal stability, rendering it ideal for high-temperature applications. While various synthesis methods exist for SrTiO3, prioritizing environmentally friendly processes, even at the laboratory scale, remains crucial.This study introduces a pioneering life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing six SrTiO3 synthesis techniques (solid-state reaction, sonochemical, sol–gel, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and molten-salt) to gauge their environmental impacts, pinpoint potential concerns, and offer insights for the future. Interestingly, methods like molten salt and sol–gel display higher pollution tendencies due to significant energy usage, particularly during drying and calcination stages. Conversely, the solid-state reaction and ultrasound-assisted methods emerge as sustainable pathways for crafting environmentally conscious SrTiO3 materials. Significantly, electricity emerges as a pivotal factor influencing environmental impact, urging the exploration of alternatives and the need for strategic decisions. This investigation not only sheds light on the ecological footprint of SrTiO3 synthesis but also underscores the urgency for adopting greener approaches in materials manufacturing.

The importance of different polymorphic forms of iron oxide nanoparticles attracted a lot of attentions in various applications due to their unique electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Moreover, the excellent biocompatibility, high surface area, spherical shape, tunable nanoscale size and the availability of synthesis route make them desirable in various biological and pharmaceutical applications. To this aim, in this review, different synthesis methods of iron oxide nanoparticles were discussed, also the main characterization techniques used for elucidation of the iron oxide nanoparticles were reviewed. The exploitation of iron oxide nanoparticles-based systems as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial agents and its involvement in drug delivery system were reviewed in details. Additionally, the influence of nanoparticles size and the reagent type and conditions utilized in synthesis and their pharmaceutical applications was highlighted.

In the 21st century, cancer is the major public health problem worldwide. Based on the important roles of protein tyrosine kinase, the accelerated hunt for potent small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors has led to the success of 30 newly inhibitors in this family for the cancer therapy in last five years. In this review, we updated their synthesis methods, and compared the original research routes with the optimized routes for each PTK inhibitor against different target, in order to make an outlook on the future synthesis of potential PTK inhibitors for anticancer therapy., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)