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Row carpentry waste wood flour, constituted of poplar (∼60 %) and fir (∼30 %) biomass, was subjected for the first time to microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) treatment, with the purposes of solubilizing lignin and hemicellulose, leaving cellulose as solid residue, thus performing a biorefinery. Several acidic (choline chloride/oxalic acid; choline chloride/citric acid; betaine hydrochloride/oxalic acid) and alkaline (urea/choline chloride; glycerol/K2CO3) DESs were employed under the same reaction conditions. Since the highest extraction yield was obtained by using choline chloride/oxalic acid DES, the use of the latter was investigated by varying some parameters (temperature, manner of microwave irradiation, addition of water) aiming at increasing the solubilization yield, which in fact in some cases reached satisfying values (60 %) under mild conditions. The solid residues (SRs) recovered after all treatments with all tested DESs were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Tranform Infrared Spectroscopy, Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, and titration of surface acid groups. All SRs were also ultrasonicated to produce cellulose nanoparticles which were in turn characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. In addition, the solid residues recovered from acidic DESs were able to decontaminate water from organic pollutants, such as p-nitrophenol, by an adsorption process. Thus, the proposed DES treatment efficiently converted carpentry waste wood flour into a valuable biomaterial useful for environmental decontamination.

This review paper discusses the latest advances in transfiguring Azadirachta indica (neem) biomass into an adsorbent and how it can be used to clean the environment. As an economical and environmentally favorable adsorbent material, neem biomass has become increasingly popular due to its bioactive properties and abundance. The review breaks down modification techniques into chemical and physical processes. Important physical changes covered include preactivation, carbonization, and using fluidized bed technologies and rotary kilns. It has been shown that these methods greatly improve the surface properties of neem biomass, which makes it better at absorbing things and holding more. The changes that were made also have an effect on the adsorption kinetics and isotherms, which helps us understand the adsorption rates and equilibrium behaviors of the changed adsorbents better. Neem biomass adsorbents are illustrated through their versatility and efficacy in the removal of organic pollutants, dyes, and heavy metals from effluent. This is illustrated through specific applications. Additionally, computational studies and artificial intelligence are looked into to see if they can help us understand how adsorption works at the molecular level, improve the efficiency of modification processes, and guess how adsorption will behave. The review also talks about the research gaps and suggests areas for future research. The review emphasizes the crucial importance of integrating experimental and computational methods to enhance the performance of the modified neem biomass and increase its environmental cleaning potential.

To ascertain their potential for heavy metal pollution remedy, we studied the adsorption mechanism of cadmium onto scallop shells and the interactions between the heavy metal and the shell matrix. Intact shells were used to investigate the uptake and diffusion of the metal contaminant onto the shell carbonatic layers, as well as to evaluate the distribution of major and trace elements in the matrix. LA-ICPMS measurements demonstrate that Cd is adsorbed on a very thin layer on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. Structural and thermal analyses showed the presence of 9 wt.-% of a CdCO3 phase indicating that the adsorption is mainly a superficial process which involves different processes, including ion exchange of Ca by Cd. In addition, organic components of the shell could contribute to adsorption as highlighted by different metal uptake observed for shells with different colours. In particular, darker shells appeared to adsorb more contaminant than the white ones. The contribution of the organic shell components on the adsorption of heavy metals was also highlighted by the element bulk content which showed higher concentrations of different metals in the darker specimen. Raman spectroscopy allowed to identify the pigments as carotenoids, confirmed by XRD measurements which highlighted the presence of astaxanthin phases. The results presented here provide new insights into the Cd adsorption mechanism highlighting the important contribution given by the organic components present in the biogenic carbonate matrix. Furthermore, the high efficiency of Cd removal from water by scallop shells, supported by adsorption kinetic and isotherm studies, has been demonstrated.

In this work, we develop a mussel-inspired biosorbent combined with graphene oxide for removal of organic dyes in water sources. The composite was prepared via self-polymerization of dopamine in weak alkaline solution containing graphene oxide at ambient condition. Morphological and structural studies revealed that polydopamine has gradually grown to cover the surface of graphene oxide flakes, partially reduced these flakes, and somehow form many grains (size around 20 nm) on the flakes instead of making very large aggregates as usual. The mass ratio between two components of the composite was also investigated to find the optimal one which provides enough surface area (20 m2.g−1) and maintain adhesive sites in order to ensure high-efficiency removal of organic molecules. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of as-prepared adsorbent towards methylene blue were found to fit well with pseudo-first order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) and Langmuir constant (kL) were estimated to be 270 mg.g−1 and 0.49 L. mg−1. The as-prepared bio-sorbent is very promising for remediation of water sources contaminated with cationic organic molecules and heavy metal ions.

Herein, we investigated the synergistic degradation of p-chlorophenol by a Ag3PO4/Fe3O4/graphene oxide visible light–peroxydisulfate coupled system, probed the effects of catalyst and peroxydisulfate dosage, pH, operating mode, and coexisting substances, identified decomposition intermediates, and proposed plausible degradation pathways. The advantages of the coupled system, namely reduced agent dosage and efficient and thorough degradation, justified the involvement of a precious metal (Ag), while mechanistic investigations suggested the importance of the peroxydisulfate peroxo bond and electron transfer between multivalent metal catalyst components for degradation performance enhancement. Thus, this work facilitates the development of high-efficiency and low-cost combinations of advanced oxidation processes.

To combat the persistent environmental issues resulting from eutrophication, it is necessary to scavenge excess phosphorous levels from aquatic ecosystems. In response, a cationic adsorbent was prepared by modifying agrowaste-derived natural biomacromolecule; nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. Comprehensive characterization through XRD, FTIR, HR-SEM, SEM-EDX, BET and XPS demonstrated that quaternizing NFC significantly improved its surface chemistry by introducing substantial quaternary ammonium groups. This modification imparted positive ζ potential across broad pH range, underscoring a strong affinity for negatively charged phosphate ions. Enhanced roughness and improved spatial dispersion led to nearly threefold increase in phosphate removal efficiency compared to pristine NFC, attributable to a higher number of available active sites. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Sips isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 21.78 mg P/g, reaching equilibrium within 120 min. Besides, the prepared adsorbent demonstrated pH-dependent adsorption and displayed stable adsorption capacity particularly at weakly acidic or neutral pH conditions. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent retention capacity with only 12.61 % desorption rates over three cycles. Both XPS and FTIR results revealed that electrostatic adsorption (based on Lewis acid-base principle) and hydrogen bonding were primary adsorption mechanisms., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Nowadays, there is a global concern over water quality and the impact of contamination on both natural ecosystems and human well-being. Plastics, ubiquitous in modern life, may release harmful chemicals when they reach aquatic environments. Among them, bisphenol A (BPA) and its alternatives, such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and others, are of special concern because their presence in water systems can have detrimental effects on human health and aquatic organisms due to their endocrine-disrupting properties. This study explores the potential of terpenoids, sustainable and environmentally friendly solvents, for efficiently removing bisphenols from contaminated environmental water. Using an in silico approach based on the Conductor-like Screening Model for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) theory, more than 30 terpenoids were screened, and carvone was found to be an excellent candidate due to its high solvent capacity and low toxicity. The impact of pH, temperature, stirring conditions, and sample:extractant phase ratios on the extraction efficiency were investigated. A design of experiments revealed optimal conditions for the extraction process and demonstrated that carvone can effectively extract bisphenols (nearly 100 % for most of them) under a wide range of conditions, showing the robustness and efficiency of the extraction method, even in environmental samples. The paper provides valuable insights into the potential of terpenoids, specifically carvone, as a sustainable and eco-friendly solvent for removing bisphenol contaminants from environmental water bodies. The findings of this study offer a promising solution to address water contamination issues, aligning with the principles of Green Chemistry and contributing to a more environmentally responsible approach to water remediation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

There is an immediate need for meticulous design of easily accessible, cost-effective, chemically stable and eco-friendly materials for effectively removal of water contaminant. Herein, targeting typical water contaminants, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), three cationic hyper-cross-linked porous polymers (ciHCP-1, ciHCP-2, ciHCP-3) with multiple adsorption sites were designed with 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) as precursor. The ciHCP-3 with large surface area (806 m 2  g -1 ) exhibited high sorption capacity (137-366 mg g -1 ), and fast adsorption kinetics (5 min) for the EDCs, which is superior to the reported sorbents. The adsorption mechanisms can be attributed to the synergistic effect of physisorption and chemisorption. The high preparation reproducibility, physicochemical stability, and reuse capability of ciHCP highlights its great potential in practical water remediation applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Herein, this work reports an efficient acephate adsorption using chitosan (CS) incorporating varying amounts of magnetite. A co-precipitation methodology was employed for the functionalization of chitosan with iron nanoparticles, using Fe 2+ as the sole iron source and with a low energy requirement. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, XRD, VSM, and nitrogen porosimetry techniques. The CS∙Fe 3 O 4 1:1 NPs showed the highest acephate removal percentage (74.96 %) at pH 9 and ambient temperatures. The adsorption process exhibited high dependencies on pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of adsorbate, and ionic strength. Sips and pseudo-second-order kinetics models best adjusted the experimental data, suggesting that the process occurs on a heterogeneous surface. Thermodynamic evaluation showed that the adsorption was exothermic, favorable, and predominately through chemical interactions. Finally, the CS∙Fe 3 O 4 showed no significant decrease after several cycles of adsorption/desorption, avoiding centrifugation-filtration steps., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Materials and innovation in earth-abundant materials are vital in addressing societal challenges such as air purification, alternate energy, wastewater remediation, and better living. In this fast growing world, several important technological materials can be applied to this goal. Metal Oxide based materials are exiting due to their tunable band gap leading to a variety of properties that address climate change. This review presents the updated account of mesoporous ceria (MC), which is one of the important and vastly researched mesoporous metal oxide, their synthesis, and applications. Ceria has been one of the most studied materials due to its unique crystal structure, high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and redox properties. MC has more active sites at the surface, larger pore size distributions, and high oxygen storage capability than bulk ceria. The effect of the synthesis method of MC has a pronounced impact on its properties like surface area, pore size, and catalytic activity. MC is non-toxic, eco-friendly, compatible with biological and chemical processes, sustainable, and stable in acidic and basic mediums. It provides enhanced performance for various industrial applications, and the structure-activity relationship plays an important role in its catalytic activity. MC is able to supply and withdraw oxygen, and provides high level of synergetic interaction with other metals and metal oxides. The presence of cerium-based oxides generally allows for obtaining a strong metal-support interaction, thereby helping the dispersion of active metal phases, selectivity, and durability of the catalysts. Moreover, it introduces different functionalities such as redox and acid-base, which provides solutions to a wide range of problems in catalysis. Additionally, oxygen vacancies in the lattice structure allow for alternating between CeO2 and CeO2−x during redox reactions. This review discusses: (1) the methods of synthesis for ceria nanoparticles, including the recent green synthesis methods; (2) their characteristics, merits, and limitations; and (3) catalytic applications.

Dyes are pollutants widely used in several industries that end up dumped as wastewater, contributing to water pollution. In the scope of improving water quality, liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique widely used to remove pollutants from water, due to the possibility of recovering all the involved agents. In this work, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on mixtures of thymol with menthol, coumarin, octanoic acid and decanoic acid were applied as extraction agents to remove congo red from water. Among all the studied solvents, those formed by thymol with organic acids showed extraction efficiencies higher than 90% for low initial concentrations of congo red, using 1/5 (v/v) DES/water proportion and 1 h of stirring time as extraction parameters. The best results were achieved using Thymol:Octanoic acid (1:1) solvent. Furthermore, at the end of the process each reagent can be reused. DES reusability was checked for three extraction cycles, keeping stable.

An irreplaceable and promising resource material, cellulose is one of the most abundant renewable biopolymer found in the biosphere. Its nano counterpart, nanocellulose has also gained wide popularity and interest among researchers throughout the world due its exceptional unique properties like large surface area, good crystallinity and biodegradability. Nanocellulose and its composites have been reported to be the suitable candidates for the remediation of polluted water, degradation of toxic organic compounds, sensors for pathogens in water, adsorbents for oil spill in water and sequestration of CO2 in atmosphere. Here in this review, we have tried to summarize and put together the recent works done and reported on nanocellulose based membranes that are utilized for the removal of different metal ions, dyes, oils, and pharmaceutical components present in aqueous solutions that remain as a threat to the aquatic and human life.

In this work, we report the preparation of TiO2 and Co-S doped TiO2 nanostructures by sol–gel and wet impregnation method for their potential applications in photocatalytic processes for environmental applications in water purification to degrade pollutant dyes. The crystalline phase, morphology, optical properties, and chemical composition of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The photocatalytic accomplishment of synthesized nanostructures is observed for the degradation of brilliant green (BG). All the synthesized nanostructures exhibited excellent photodegradation activity. The observed rate of degradation of dye is higher with the Co-S doped TiO2 nanostructures than pure TiO2.

Energy-efficient technologies for the remediation of water and generation of drinking water is a key towards sustainable technologies. Electrochemical desalination technologies are promising alternatives towards established methods, such as reverse osmosis or nanofiltration. In the last few years, hydrogen-driven electrochemical water purification has emerged. This review article explores the concept of desalination fuel cells and capacitive-Faradaic fuel cells for ion separation.

Waste effluents of textiles and leather industries are seriously causing numerous health problems. Organic dyes are one of the major contaminants of industrial wastewater. Adsorption techniques can be used effectively to remove organic dyes and treat water for human consumption. In this work, we reported a rational multistep synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with selectively generated active inner/external surfaces. The functional groups were incorporated into the silica surface using a combination of co-condensation and post-grafting procedures. Both amine and sulfonic acid functional groups were used to produce a total coffer of MSNs inner/outer surface by amino or sulfonic moiety denoted as [N-MSNs]-N and [S-MSNs]-S, respectively. Furthermore, bifunctional groups were also synthesised by coffering the MSNs outer surface by sulfonic acid functional groups and the inner surface with amino functional groups or vice-versa denoted as [N-MSNs]-S and [S-MSNs]-N, respectively. The efficiency of the multiple grafting strategies was evaluated for the removal of cationic dye (methylene blue (MB)) from contaminated water samples using batch method mode. The physical adsorption parameters such as pH, initial concentrations of MB, exposure time and the effect of salt concentration was examined. Moreover, the adsorption kinetic models: pseudo first order, pseudo second order and interparticle diffusion were also applied for the collected data. The highest adsorption performance was accomplished by [N-MSNs]-S sorbent with 98% extraction efficiency, whereas the lowest adsorption efficiency was observed for [N-MSNs]-N sorbent. Increasing the electrolyte concentration had led to an increase in the adsorption efficiency of all nanomaterials containing sulfonic acid. An excellent extraction efficiency was obtained when the materials were applied to spiked real water samples. These adsorbents are promising for the removal of MB from wastewater on account of their high adsorption capacity and for their resistance to the presence of other unavoidable anions in the wastewater.

The contamination of water sources with heavy metals, dyes, and other pollutants poses significant challenges to environmental sustainability and public health. Traditional water treatment methods often exhibit limitations in effectively addressing these complex contaminants. In response, recent developments in nanotechnology have catalyzed the exploration of novel materials for water remediation, with nanoparticle-doped zeolites emerging as a promising solution. This comprehensive review synthesizes current literature on the integration of nanoparticles into zeolite frameworks for enhanced contaminant removal in water treatment applications. We delve into synthesis methodologies, elucidate mechanistic insights, and evaluate the efficacy of nanoparticle-doped zeolites in targeting specific pollutants, while also assessing considerations of material stability and environmental impact. The review underscores the superior adsorptive and catalytic properties of nanoparticle-doped zeolites, owing to their high surface area, tailored porosity, and enhanced ion-exchange capabilities. Furthermore, we highlight recent advancements in heavy metal and organic pollutant uptake facilitated by these materials. Additionally, we explore the catalytic degradation of contaminants through advanced oxidation processes, demonstrating the multifunctionality of nanoparticle-doped zeolites in water treatment. By providing a comprehensive analysis of existing research, this review aims to guide future developments in the field, promoting the sustainable utilization of nanoparticle-doped zeolites as efficient and versatile materials for water remediation endeavors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an emerging hazardous contaminant, which is ubiquitous in the environment and can cause endocrine disruptor and cancer risks. Therefore, biodegradation of BPA is an essential issue to mitigate the associated human health. In this work, a bacterial strain enables of degrading BPA, named BPA-LRH8 (identified as Xenophilus sp.), was newly isolated from activated sludge and embedded onto walnut shell biochar (WSBC) to form a bio-composite (BCM) for biodegradation of BPA in water. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of BPA by WSBC was 21.7 mg g -1 . The free bacteria of BPA-LRH8 showed high BPA degradation rate (∼100 %) at pH 5-11, while it was lower (＜20 %) at pH 3. The BCM eliminated all BPA (∼100 %) at pH 3-11 and 25-45 °C when the BPA level was ≤ 25 mg L -1 . The spectrometry investigations suggested two possible degradation routes of BPA by Xenophilus sp. In one route, BPA (C 15 H 16 O 3 ) was oxidized to C 15 H 16 O 3 , and then broken into C 9 H 12 O 3 through chain scission. In another route, BPA was likely hydroxylated, oxidized, and cleaved into C 9 H 10 O 4 P 4 , which was further metabolized into CO 2 and H 2 O in the TCA cycle. This study concluded that the novel isolated bacteria (BPA-LRH8) embedded onto WSBC is a promising and new method for the effective removal of BPA and similar hazardous substances from contaminated water under high concentrations and wide range of pH and temperature., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Cobalt nanoparticles have received great attentions from the researchers because of its unqiue applications in various sectors such as photocatalytic, antimrobial activity and electrochemical sensing. Consequently, in the recent past, a number of research studies published by the use of physical, chemical and plant extract based green synthesis approaches. Among these methods, plant extract based green route has been considered as valuable substitute of other methods for the nanoparticle synthesis since it is an inexpensive, biocompatible method, easy scale-up and fully avoid the requirement of additional stabilizing agents during the nanoparticle synthesis. Plant extracts contains various key phytochemicals such as phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins including various vitamins in significant concentrations. These phytochemicals act as reducing, capping and stabilizing agents during the synthesis of metal nanoparticles from their respective precursors. Due to these unique features of phytochemicals, cobalt nanoparticles have been effectively produced by the green synthesis approaches using extracts of plant parts such as roots, bark and leaf etc. This review summarizes the new findings in the synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles using extracts of different plants and their parts. The required characterization tools for the analysis of synthesized cobalt nanoparticles are also discussed. Further the advantages of cobalt nanoparticles in various applications such as photocatalytic environmental application for remediation of water pollution, electrochemical sensing and antimicrobial activity are specially focused in this review.

Effective removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from water via adsorption requires adsorbent materials that showcase a synergistic combination of textural properties, hydrophobicity, and specific surface interactions. In this work, we present a hierarchical composite prepared on the basis of in-situ or confined growth of a faujasite zeolite (FAU) within the voids of a 3D mesoporous ordered carbon (3DOm). This adsorbent was tested for the removal of several CECs (i.e., caffeine, carbamazepine, naproxen and metabolites clofibric acid, 10,11-epoxy-carbamazepine, o-desmethyl naproxen, paraxanthine, and salicylic acid) from water at ambient conditions. Upon inclusion of copper(II) extra-framework cations, the hierarchical composite (Cu-3DOm-FAU) excelled at adsorbing ionic CECs and offered similar uptake capacity toward neutral parent compounds in both single- and multi-component fashion and while covering a μg L−1 - mg L−1 concentration range. Compared to other adsorbents reported so far in the literature, the Cu-3DOm-FAU composite adsorption capacities were larger, in many cases by at least one order of magnitude. Given the substantial thermal stability of the composite, regeneration could be accomplished via thermal cycling also depending on the type of CEC involved.

Azo dyes, as Tartrazine (T), are one of the rawest materials in food, pharmaceutical and textile industries. Many dyes are difficult to degrade due to their complex structure and xenobiotic properties. Although adsorption is considered an effective, efficient, and economic method for water purification, degradation of organic pollutant like synthetic dyes by using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), as Fenton process, has become increasingly significant during last decades. However, as Fenton process requires ferrous salt for the oxidation reaction to take place, the iron sludge formed after the reaction, has to be removed before discharging.A novel composite material, which is referred to as iron-loaded natural zeolite (NZ-A-Fe), was used for the removal of Tartrazine (T) from water through the combined adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis. Since the adsorption step determines the rate in heterogeneous catalytic processes, its study becomes necessary for understanding the degradation mechanism.The suitability of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms to the equilibrium data was investigated in the solid-liquid system. The equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe) increases with the increase of the initial concentration of T.The pseudo-second-order model can well describe the adsorption process of T on NZ-A-Fe, where k2 = 0.246 g(mg.min)−1is the rate constant for adsorption process.Degradation kinetics can be described using the classical pseudo-first order.Tartrazine degradation was high between 90 and 95% for [H2O2] /[T] = 37 for [T] = 10 mg/L.The novelty of this work is the simultaneous adsorption and Fenton degradation using a supported catalyst NZ-A-Fe that facilitates the design of filters for wastewater treatment.

Summary: Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) has attracted great attention as an effective technique for oxidatively decomposing organic pollutants. The PMS activation mechanisms, nevertheless, are still ambiguous in many cases, and, thus, controlling PMS activation pathways for efficient pollutant removal remains challenging. In this work, taking defective PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ (PBSCF) as a model system, we demonstrate that oxygen vacancies (Vo••) strongly promote PMS-based AOP, and PMS activation pathways are effectively tuned. Excessive Vo••s are found to modify the surface charge distribution, change PMS adsorption configuration, and break the S–O bond of PMS. As a result, the radical process is promoted, and the predominant nonradical activation pathway shifts from an electron transfer process to singlet oxygen formation. Our mechanistic understanding can guide the rational design of catalysts for efficient water remediation.

Developing low cost sorbents for efficient elimination of organophosphorus pesticides from wastewater remains motivational. In this study, nanoparticles of water treatment residuals (nWTRs) derived from drinking water industry were produced and used for chlorpyrifos (CPF) removal from contaminated waste water. Batch sorption equilibrium study revealed that CPF sorption by nWTRs follow in order Langmuir > Temken > Kiselev adsorption models. The maximum adsorption capacity of nWTRs for CPF has shown 5 folds increase (50 mg g−1) compared to that of the conventional bulk WTRs and superior to most of the low cost adsorbents. Experimental parameters such as nWTR dosage, CPF concentration, and solution pH and exposure time were optimized. Remarkable CPF removal efficiency of 92% was achieved using nWTRs at pH 7 in contact time period of 30 min. The goodness-of-fit of the kinetic models tested showed that the power function model was successful in describing the kinetics of CPF adsorption with the lowest standard error (SE) of 0.0136. The thermodynamic parameters indicate the spontaneous and exothermic nature of CPF sorption on nWTRs sorbent. A possible mechanism of CPF removal by nWTRs includes formation of Al-CPF and Fe-CPF complexes and H-bonding. The novel nano-sorbent exhibits great potential as an efficient low cost sorbent for CPF removal from contaminated wastewater.

As a hydrophobic pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is difficult to be degraded by microbes due to its poor water solubility. To improve its water solubility, this study harvested a biosurfactant from swine wastewater. The role of the biosurfactant in BaP biodegradation in contaminated water and soil were investigated. The biodegradation kinetics of BaP in contaminated water and the improvement of soil properties were determined. Results showed that critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the biosurfactant was 46.8 mg/L. The biosurfactant has a high pH stability in range of 3–9 and a strong salt stability in NaCl concentration range of 0–20%. At concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 CMC, the biosurfactant increased BaP water solubility by 1.4, 2.6, 4.0, 5.2 and 6.6 times. BaP biodegradation in contaminated water was effectively promoted by the biosurfactant, and the concentrations of BaP in sludge phase decreased to 1.015 mg/L (47.9% decrement) and 0.675 mg/L (65.4% decrement) when the dosed biosurfactant were 1 and 3 CMC, respectively. The biodegradation kinetics of BaP in contaminated water by the biosurfactant fitted well with the two-compartment kinetic model well (R2 > 0.90). For the bioremediation of BaP contaminated soil, adding 0.1%–0.5% (w/w) biosurfactant biodegraded 39.2%–84.8% of BaP, while the control without biosurfactant was 24.2%. In addition, the application of the biosurfactant significantly improved the properties of the contaminated soil, behaved as the increase in microbial quantity, water holding capacity (WHC) and dehydrogenase (DH) activity of the soil. To sum up, the biosurfactant facilitated the BaP biodegradation and can be effectively used in in–site remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (BaP in this study) contaminated water and soil.

A novel nanocomposite (N–TiO2-α-Am.Ph) was designed by surface functionalization of nano titanium oxide (N–TiO2) with α-aminophosphonates (α-Am.Ph). A study was aimed to explore and investigate the uptake properties of (N–TiO2-α-Am.Ph) for divalent Pb/Cu ions. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, XRD and HR-TEM analyses. The particle size range of N–TiO2-α-Am.Ph was identified between 75.35 and 153.55 nm. The adsorption characteristics of α-Aminophosphonates (α-Am.Ph) were confirmed to improve upon immobilization on the surface of N–TiO2 as monitored by diverse experimental controlling parameters. The collected results revealed that (N–TiO2-α-Am.Ph) exhibited optimum removal conditions of divalent Pb/Cu at pH 7.0 and reaction time at 60 min. Different models of adsorption isotherm and kinetics studies for the metal uptake were evaluated. The performance characteristics of (N–TiO2-α-Am.Ph) for remediation of divalent Pb/Cu ions from drinking water and industrial wastewater were successfully accomplished with 90–94% recovery using the micro-column system.

In recent years, extensive research endeavors are being undertaken for synthesis of an efficient, economic and eco-friendly cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) using plant extract mediated greener approach. A number of medicinal plants and their specific parts (flowers, bark, seeds, fruits, seeds and leaves) have been found to be capable of synthesizing CeO 2 NPs. The specific key phytochemical constituents of plants such as alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavones and tannins can play significant role as a reducing, stabilizing and capping agents in the synthesis of CeO 2 NPs from their respective precursor solution of metal ions. The CeO 2 NPs are frequently using in diverse fields of science and technology including photocatalytic degradation of dyes, antibiotics as well as antimicrobial applications. In this review, the mechanism behind the green synthesis CeO 2 NPs using plant entities are summarized along with discussion of analytical results from characterization techniques. An overview of CeO 2 NPs for water remediation application via photocatalytic degradation of dyes and antibiotics are discussed. In addition, the mechanisms of antimicrobial efficacy of CeO 2 NPs and current challenges for their sustainable application at large scale in real environmental conditions are discussed., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The waste management and water purification are daunting environmental challenges. Biochar, a carbonaceous material prepared from diverse organic waste (agricultural, household residues and municipal sewage sludge) has garnered substantial attention due to its excellent attributes, including carbon content, cation exchange efficacy, ample specific surface area, and structural robustness. Thus, the present review comprehensively analyzes bio waste-derived biochar with a particular emphasis on water remediation applications. This article primarily delves into various strategies for modifying biochar, elucidating the underlying mechanisms behind these modifications and their potential for bolstering pollutant removal efficiency. Furthermore, it addresses the impact of functionalization on both biochar stability and cost for commercialization. Lastly, the article outlines key developments, SWOT analysis, and future prospects, offering insights into the practical execution of biochar applications at a larger scale. Therefore, this article paves the way for future research to deepen the understanding of modified biochar with mechanisms for exploring water remediation applications in a more sustainable manner., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

With the rapid development of industrialization, water pollution directly leads to the serious shortage of fresh water. As reported by the World Water Council, nearly 3.8 billion people will face water scarcity by 2030. Therefore, developing advanced nanomaterials to realize wastewater purification is a major challenge. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides (MXenes), as the emerging 2D layered nanomaterials, have been investigated for the applications of water purification treatment since first reported in 2011. Over 40 different MXenes have been developed for environmental remediation, and dozens more structures and properties are theoretically predicted. Here, we review the advances from the aspects of synthesis strategies for MXenes, purification mechanism, and their applications in wastewater treatment processes. The major points are 1) the synthesis and modification approaches for MXenes such as multi-layered stacked MXenes and delaminated MXenes 2) a discussion of current water remediation over MXene-based materials, 3) a brief introduction for removal behaviors and deep interaction mechanisms, 4) optimization strategies and key points for boosting the remediation performance of MXenes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

This study investigated the potential of Casuarina equisetifolia needle (CEN) on the removal of two important dyes, methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG), by batch adsorption experiments. Characterisation of CEN’s functional groups was done using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy while elemental analysis was carried out using CHNS analysis and X-ray fluorescence. The experiments were carried out by varying the adsorbent dosage, pH, ionic strength, contact time and initial dye concentration. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model best represented the experimental data for both CEN-MB and CEN-MG systems. The Weber–Morris intraparticle diffusion model showed that intraparticle diffusion is not the rate-limited step for both adsorbates, while the Boyd model suggested both systems could be controlled by film diffusion. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models were used for describing the adsorption process. Of these, the Langmuir model best represented both adsorbents systems (CEN-MB and CEN-MG) giving maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 110.8 and 77.6 mg g−1, respectively, at 25 °C. Thermodynamics studies showed that both adsorption systems are spontaneous and endothermic.

The outstanding properties of nanofiber composites have made them a popular choice for various structural applications. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using electrospun nanofibers as reinforcement agents, which possess exceptional properties that can enhance the performance of these composites. Herein, TiO 2 -graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers were fabricated by an effortless electrospinning technique. The chemical and structural characteristics of the resulting electrospun TiO 2 -GO nanofibers were examined employing diverse techniques such as XRD, FTIR, XPS, TGA, mechanical properties, and FESEM. Remediation of organic contaminants and organic transformation reactions with electrospun TiO 2 -GO nanofibers were performed. The results indicated that the incorporation of TiO 2 -GO with various TiO 2 /GO ratios did not affect the molecular structure of PAN-CA. Still, they did significantly increase the mean fiber diameter (234-467 nm) and the mechanical properties of the nanofibers comprising UTS, elongation, Young's modulus, and toughness compared to PAN-CA. From various ratios of TiO 2 /GO (0.01TiO 2 /0.005GO and 0.005TiO 2 /0.01GO) in the electrospun NFs, the nanofiber containing a high content of TiO 2 showed over 97% of the initial MB dyes were degraded after 120 min of visible light exposure and the same nanofibers also, achieved 96% nitrophenol conversion to aminophenol in just 10 min with activity factor k AF value of 47.7 g -1 min -1 . These findings illustrate the promise of TiO 2 -GO/PAN-CA nanofibers for use in various structural applications, particularly in the remediation of organic contaminants from water and organic transformation reactions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals, whose identification and separation are crucial for environmental remediation. Till now, it remains a significant challenge upon simultaneous detection and removal of Hg 2+ . Herein, bifunctional probe magnetic carbon dots were synthesized and optimized via systematic structure manipulation of the carbon and iron precursors towards fluorescence, Hg 2+ adsorption and magnetic separation. The probe exhibited blue emission at 440 nm with high quantum yield of 55 % and a high paramagnetism with the saturation magnetization value of 22.70 emu/g. Furthermore, the fluorescent detection of Hg 2+ with limit of 5.40 nM and high selectivity were achieved through surface structure manipulation with moderate -NH 2 , -SH and Fe contents. As a result, the magnetic removal of Hg 2+ was consecutively effectuated with high removal efficiency of 98.30 %. The detection and recovery of Hg 2+ in real samples were further verified and demonstrated the excellent environmental tolerance of probe. The reusability was viable with recycling at least three turns by external magnet. This work not only provides a promising approach for simultaneous detection and removal of heavy metal pollution, but also provides an excellent example as a versatile platform for multifunction integration via the structure manipulation for other applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In this work, we develop a mussel-inspired biosorbent combined with graphene oxide for removal of organic dyes in water sources. The composite was prepared via self-polymerization of dopamine in weak alkaline solution containing graphene oxide at ambient condition. Morphological and structural studies revealed that polydopamine has gradually grown to cover the surface of graphene oxide flakes, partially reduced these flakes, and somehow form many grains (size around 20 nm) on the flakes instead of making very large aggregates as usual. The mass ratio between two components of the composite was also investigated to find the optimal one which provides enough surface area (20 m 2 .g -1 ) and maintain adhesive sites in order to ensure high-efficiency removal of organic molecules. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of as-prepared adsorbent towards methylene blue were found to fit well with pseudo-first order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity (q m ) and Langmuir constant (k L ) were estimated to be 270 mg.g -1 and 0.49 L. mg -1 . The as-prepared bio-sorbent is very promising for remediation of water sources contaminated with cationic organic molecules and heavy metal ions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Vu Thi Thu reports financial support was provided by National Foundation for Science and Technology Development., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Bimetallic sulfides have distinctive catalytic property in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for water remediation. Polyoxometalates as potential precursors have rarely been reported for the catalytic degradation of refractory organic pollutants. Herein, a composite catalyst of Co-Mo bimetallic sulfides supported onto graphene oxide (O-CoMoS/GO) with a heterojunction architecture was synthesized through a hydrothermal strategy with polyoxometalates ((NH 4 ) 4 [Co II Mo 6 O 24 H 6 ]·6H 2 O) as the precursor and applied in the PMS activation. This material showed a superior performance for the catalytic degradation of the model organic pollutant, 4-chlorophenol (rapidly removed within 10 min with an apparent reaction rate constant of 0.5458 min -1 ). O-CoMoS/GO outperformed most of the reported catalysts in terms of activity and had a strong tolerance towards common organic and inorganic compounds in water, and could perform well in different real water systems. Experimental and theoretical results indicated that the introduction of GO could achieve the enrichment of electrons on the metals and reduce the d band center (ε d ) of Co close to the Fermi level (ε F ), thereby facilitating the interfacial electron transfer process. The activation mechanism was due to the as-prepared bimetallic sulfides and the formation of heterojunction structure with GO, where Co(II) as the active center could be regenerated by the adjacent Mo element (as co-catalyst) and by gathering electrons from GO through the Co/Mo-O-C coupling. This work provides insights into the design of bimetallic sulfide catalysts in activating PMS for water remediation., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites have attracted growing attention due to their versatility as new materials for application in different fields. Water remediation is one of the traditional applications of these composites and their investigation as adsorbents for single water pollutants is well established. However, most water resources such as rivers, lakes, and even oceans contain complex mixtures of pollutants. Despite several recently published reviews on water purification technology, they only focused on these material as single pollutant removers and hardly mentioned their capacity to simultaneously recover multiple pollutants. Therefore, there is still a gap in the archived literature considering nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites targeting water remediation with multiple water pollutants. In this review, methods for synthesizing such composites are classified and compared according to the mechanism of reactions, such as chemical crosslinking and physical adsorption, while outlining advantages and limitations. Then, the water pollutants mainly targeted by those composites are discussed in detail to expound the relationship between the synthesis method and the type and adsorption capacity. Finally, the last section presents challenges and opportunities of these nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites as emerging sorbents for sustainable multiple water pollutants purification technologies. This review aims to lay out the basis for future developments of these composites for multiple water pollutants., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The present work entails the synthesis of thermally modified graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) using a two-step thermal treatment procedure and its subsequent use in the photocatalytic reduction of toxic pollutants such as rhodamine B dye (RhB) and chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)) from aquatic environments. The as-synthesised exfoliated GCN (GCNX) is characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These characterisations helped to elucidate the phase formation, chemical structure, composition, surface area, optical properties, and morphology of the sample. With assistance from a visible light source, GCNX can degrade RhB dye within 30 min in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in under 2 h in the presence of formic acid (FA/HCOOH). Variations in different catalytic parameters, including catalyst amount, pH of the solution, initial RhB or Cr(VI) concentration, and variation in H 2 O 2 or FA concentration, are performed to inspect their effects on the photodegradation activity of GCNX. Moreover, the GCNX catalyst exhibits impressive stability and reusability. A thorough statistical evaluation follows the response surface methodology to understand the complex interaction between the factors contributing to the catalytic activity. The band alignment of differently functionalised GCN blocks in their pristine form and their H 2 O 2 /FA-adsorbed states is investigated using first-principles calculations to provide a further understanding of the RhB and Cr(VI) reduction mechanisms. The modified GCN can thus be effectively employed as a low-cost material for removing contamination from aquatic environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Arsenic (As(V))-contaminated water is a major global threat to human health and the ecosystem because of its enormous toxicity, carcinogenicity, and high distribution in water streams. Thus, As(V) removal in the environmental samples has received considerable attention. Till now, numerous metal-organic framework materials have been used for the As(V) removal from the aqueous medium, but low As(V) removal and instability of the adsorbents have severely cut off their practical applications. In this study, a ferrocene-encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (Fc-ZIF-67) material was synthesized for As(V) removal from an aqueous solution at neutral pH using a simple solution mixing process. The ferrocene encapsulation provides water-stable and structural defects to ZIF-67. Furthermore, the ferrocene molecule and imidazole linker can enhance As(V) adsorption via both chemisorption and physisorption. The novel Fc-ZIF-67 adsorbent exhibited superior As(V) adsorption performance with an adsorption capacity of 63.29 mg/g at neutral pH. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were also used to analyze adsorption behavior., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The conversion of agricultural waste into high-value carbon products has been an attractive area in waste management strategy. This study highlighted the synthesis and effectiveness of green pea peels (GPP), green pea biochar (GPBC), and nano-ferromagnetic green pea biochar (NFGPBC) by the ferrous/ferric co-precipitation synthesis method for eliminating cationic dyes molecules from solutions. The morphological, physicochemical, and structural properties of GPP, GPBC, and NFGPBC were approved by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Emission Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Bruneau Emmett Teller (BET), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) analysis confirmed the NFGPBC magnetization performance. The capacity of each adsorbent for methylene blue removal was evaluated at various parameters of material dosage (50-250 mg/150 mL), pH (2-12), initial concentration (50-250 mg/L), contact time (0-90 min) and temperature (20-60 °C). The three developed adsorbent materials GPP, GPBC, and NFGPBC, possessed reasonable BET surface areas of 0.6836, 372.54, and 147.88 m 2 g -1, and the corresponding monolayer adsorption capacities of 163.93, 217.40, and 175.44 mg/g, respectively. The superior performances of GPBC and NFGPBC were due to their increased surface area compared with the parent green pea peels (GPP). The results from adsorption kinetics studies of all prepared materials were pseudo-second-order and Elovich kinetics models. The thermodynamic parameters exhibited MB sorption's favorability, spontaneity, and endothermic nature. The NFGPBC material experienced Vander Waal forces, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions as predominant modes of the solid-liquid interaction. The regeneration, recycling, and reusability of the synthesized GPP, GPBC, and NFGPBC performed at five adsorption cycles revealed that NFGPBC demonstrated excellent cyclical performances attaining a minimum 8.9% loss in capacity due to paramagnetic properties. Thus, NFGPBC is a green, efficient, and eco-friendly material recommended for large-scale production and application in wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In recent years, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have received widespread attention owing to their non-toxicity, sustainability, excellent photostability, and intrinsic photoluminescence properties. In particular, CQDs have attracted considerable interest for visible-light-driven photocatalysis because of their excellent electron transfer characteristics and high light capture efficiency. Many studies have reported CQDs/photocatalyst composite systems constructed to make full use of the solar spectrum, improving the ability of photocatalytic materials to degrade organic pollutants. Here, we review the recent research on CQDs-based photocatalysts, and their ability to remove environmental pollutants, with a special emphasis on degradation mechanisms. Several improvements in the catalytic response of CQDs to visible light are also included. In addition, we discuss the aspects that should be considered to construct composite materials based on CQD characteristics and the potential applications of CQD-based photocatalysts for efficient utilization of visible light., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The ever increasing concentration of toxic and carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) in various environmental mediums including water-bodies due to anthropogenic activities with rapid civilization and industrialization have become the major issue throughout the globe during last few decades. Therefore, developing new strategies for the treatment of Cr(VI) contaminated wastewaters are in great demand and have become a topical issue in academia and industry. To date, various techniques have been used for the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated wastewaters including solvent extraction, adsorption, catalytic reduction, membrane filtration, biological treatment, coagulation, ion exchange and photo-catalytic reduction. Among these methods, the transformation of highly toxic Cr(VI) to benign Cr(III) catalyzed by metallic nanoparticles (M-NPs) with reductant has gained increasing attention in the past few years, and is considered to be an effective approach due to the superior catalytic performance of M-NPs. Thus, it is a timely topic to review this emerging technique for Cr(VI) reduction. Herein, recent development in synthesis of M-NPs based non-supported, supported, mono-, bi- and ternary M-NPs catalysts, their characterization and performance for the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) are reviewed. The role of supporting host to stabilize the M-NPs and leading to enhance the reduction of Cr(VI) are discussed. The Cr(VI) reduction mechanism, kinetics, and factors affecting the kinetics are overviewed to collect the wealthy kinetics data. Finally, the challenges and perspective in Cr(VI) reduction catalyzed by M-NPs are proposed. We believe that this review will assist the researchers who are working to develop novel M-NPs catalysts for the reduction of Cr(VI)., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing financial interest., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Developing green inexpensive and effective adsorbents is critically needed for elimination of antibiotics from contaminated water. The current study assessed the nanostructured activated biochar (nPPAB) derived from pomegranate peels (PP) as a promising sorbent for efficient removal of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP). The results affirm that the second order and Langmuir models fit well to adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data respectively. The nPPAB adsorption capacity of Langmuir (q max ) for CIP was 142.86 mg g -1 which is 26.85 times greater than that of bulk PP. Hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions are the dominant mechanisms of CIP adsorption by nPPAB. The efficiency of nPPAB for CIP removal from real wastewater using batch and packed-bed reactor were 89.94 and 84.74% respectively. This study clearly demonstrated the substantial capacity of nPPAB as an ecofriendly, feasible, and in-expensive adsorbent for successful elimination of CIP from wastewater., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Magnetic beads were developed from polyvinyl alcohol and different amounts of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by in-situ preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles in an alkaline aqueous medium at room temperature. The CNF were isolated from wheat straw, whereas the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) precursors were simple iron salts. The complete characterization of all the obtained materials was conducted, and among some other outstanding results it showed that all the components were strongly interacting via hydrogen bonding, while the nano-rods and husks like MNPs were effectively acting as crosslinking dots. All the prepared materials had good magnetic responses, and they were able to remove not only cationic, but also anionic dye pollutants from aqueous model solutions., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)