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Facing the challage of energy conservation and emission reduction in the building sector, most energy saving strategies of central heating only focus on the performance improvement of building envelope, ignoring the impact of energy use behavior. This paper proposed a building energy conservation strategy based on energy use behavior analysis, which provides a perspective for in-depth exploration of building energy conservation. After investigating a typical university in the northern China, the energy use behaviors were characterized and two different DeST energy consumption models before or after considering energy use behavior were established. By comparing the results calculated by these two models, the impact of energy use behavior analysis on building energy consumption was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the heating energy consumption and carbon emission can be reduced by 23.28% and 23% respectively through the proposed strategy based on energy use behavior. Therefore, the analysis of energy use behavior can provide a theoretical basis for heating operators to make decisions on energy supply regulation. With central cooling and heating further popularizing in the future, the research methodology of this paper has more extensive reference value for energy conservation and emission reduction strategies in the building sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Parameters of 60 electricity-saving measures and 16 abatement measures are compiled. • Synergies of electricity use in China's chemical sector at grid level are assessed. • Efficient use of power can cut 154 Mt CO 2eq , 295 kt SO 2 , 322 kt NO x and 64 kt PM 2.5. • North and Northwest grids have the largest economic benefits on emissions reduction. • Grid with high electricity price is more sensitive to price change than other grids. Abstract Industry is a large electricity user. China's chemical industry (globally the largest based on sales) contributes 7% to China's GDP, while it consumes 11% of the total electricity consumption in industry and is responsible for 40% of total CO 2eq , 40% of SO 2 , 59% of NO x and 18% of PM-emissions of the chemical industry emissions. The heterogeneity of GHG and air pollutant emissions across electricity grids (within a country) is rarely included in analyses. In this paper, electricity conservation supply curves are developed (distinguishing the grids) to estimate the cost-effective and technical potentials of electricity conservation in China's chemical industry. The emission factors per grid for GHG (i.e. CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O) and air pollutants (i.e. SO 2 , NO x and PM 2.5) are calculated and used to quantify the emissions mitigation achieved by electricity saving technologies in the chemical industry for the period 2012–2035. Results show that significant multiple benefits can be obtained by implementing electricity efficiency measures. There are large differences among the six grids in terms electricity savings and emissions abatement of GHG and air pollutants. 83% of the total electricity saving potential is contributed by the North, Northwest and Central grids, equal to 32% of baseline electricity consumption in 2035. In 2035, 129 Mt of CO 2 , 33 kt CO 2eq of CH 4 , 571 kt CO 2eq of N 2 O, 235 kt of SO 2 , 275 kt of NO x and 52 kt of PM 2.5 in these three grids can be avoided as a result of electricity savings (a reduction of 31–33% compared to baseline emissions). When decision-makers set targets for energy saving and emission reduction, the multiple benefits and grid heterogeneity should not be ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Economic growth in China needs lots of energy to support, but how to obtain a sufficient energy supply is now a problem. Meanwhile, environmental pollution caused by energy consumption is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. In order to adapt China’s fast developing economy, and on the basis of current policies, paying more attention to energy saving and environmental protection is more important. Therefore, to reasonably analyze China’s regional environmental efficiency and its determinants has practical significance. This article uses the Super-SBM model under undesirable outputs to measure regional environmental efficiency in China, and then explores influential factors of China’s environmental efficiency between 1991–2001 by means of the Tobit regression model. The empirical results show that during the sample period, the overall average level of China’s environmental efficiency is low, and the gap between different provinces and areas is large. The eastern area’s efficiency is obviously superior to the central and western area, which shows the necessity at present to optimize regional integration and promote innovation of energy conservation and emission reduction technology. At the same time, the “Eleven-Five ” year plan clearly states the energy saving and consumption reducing index, which motivates a great increase in China’s overall environmental efficiency, and promotes the fast development of resource conservation and environmentally friendly societal construction. The analysis of the influence factors by the Tobit model shows that fiscal decentralization and technology progress can increase environmental efficiency on the whole while economic scale and regional difference can also influence the efficiency. However, these factors’ influence is not the same in different areas. Finally, based on the research results, this paper gives policy recommendations on reducing pollution emissions and increasing China’s environmental efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Along with high-speed economic development and increasing energy consumption, the Chinese Government faces a growing pressure to maintain the balance between energy supply and demand. In 2009, China has become both the largest energy consumer and CO2 emitting country in the world. In this case, the inappropriate energy consumption structure should be changed. As an alternative, a suitable infrastructure for the implementation of renewable energy may serve as a long-term sustainable solution. The perspective of a 100% renewable energy system has been analyzed and discussed in some countries previously. In this process, assessment of domestic renewable energy sources is the first step. Then appropriate methodologies are needed to perform energy system analyses involving the integration of more sustainable strategies. Denmark may serve as an example of how sustainable strategies can be implemented. The Danish system has demonstrated the possibility of converting into a 100% renewable energy system. This paper discusses the perspective of renewable energy in China firstly, and then analyses whether it is suitable to adopt similar methodologies applied in other countries as China approaches a renewable energy system. The conclusion is that China’s domestic renewable energy sources are abundant and show the possibility to cover future energy demand; the methodologies used to analyse a 100% renewable energy system are applicable in China. Therefore, proposing an analysis of a 100% renewable energy system in China is not unreasonable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]