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This article provides details of some significant patent, patentee and invention anniversaries falling in 2006, for example those for improved paper making and sugar production, Brunel, iron and steel manufacture – the Bessemer process, aniline dyes, an improved electric clock, air conditioning, an improved flying machine, and radio navigation for aircraft. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• ENMC organized 270 workshops in the last 30 years. • ENMC established a network of over 4500 participants from more than 65 countries and from 5 continents. • ENMC published 270 lay reports on our website www.enmc.org and over 220 full papers in neuromuscular disorders with a high average mean normalised citation score of 1,24. • ENMC supports the next generation of leaders in the neuromuscular field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The materials genome initiative was announced by US President Obama 2011. Its actual meaning was initially rather unclear and it seemed as it could contain everything. Nevertheless, in their Scripta paper 2014 Kaufman and Ågren argued that the materials genome, analogously with biological genomes, should be defined as a set of information (databases) allowing prediction of materials structure as well as its response to processing and usage conditions. It thus seemed natural that CALPHAD thermodynamics and kinetics should play an essential role. In the present paper the role of CALPHAD as a way of processing different kind of materials data will be emphasized. The extension from thermochemistry to other properties, industrial applications and extrapolation far from equilibrium will be reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hamilton-Crosser model (HC model) is designed to describe the thermal conductivity of suspensions and nanofluids with anisometric particles. It is one of the most widely cited models in the nanofluid community. In this paper we show, however, that the HC model (1962) is essentially scientific folklore. It is an incorrect reformulation of a correct model that has been derived almost a century ago, Fricke's model (1924). The latter is a generalization to ellipsoids, in particular spheroids, of Maxwell's model (1873) for spheres. Fricke's model is an effective medium approximation that provides admissible (though not necessarily realistic) predictions of the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube or graphene nanoplatelet nanofluids, while the HC model is an inadmissible variant of the same model, because it cannot reproduce the correct predictions (Fricke's model) and under certain circumstances it even violates a basic law of physics, the upper Hashin-Shtrikman bound (1962). Thus, it cannot be used for any isotropic system. Therefore, in contrast to common belief, any comparison of experimental data with the HC model predictions is irrelevant and all attempts to "improve" or "renovate" the HC model should be abandoned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to describe the evolution of the World Gourmet Summit (WGS) that is promoted in Singapore, and the factors thought to have contributed to its success. The factors are integrated in a proposed framework of analysis. The World Gourmet Summit was developed by chefs, hotels and restaurants in Singapore with the support of the Singapore Tourist Board (STB) and has become an established part of Singapore''s portfolio of events and special interest tourism. The event web page promises ‘a constellation of stars of the culinary world at our Singapore shores.’ Consequently the paper has four sections. The first reviews and discusses concepts of gastronomic tourism. The second describes the emergence of New Asian Cuisine and its roots in Singapore, while the third describes the role of that cuisine within the promotion of Singapore with specific reference to the development of the World Gourmet Summit. From the description of the event the final section of the paper identifies factors that have helped to make the Summit a successful product. These factors include co-ordination between different stakeholders and the ability of the event to reinvent itself each year while building upon a growing image of prestige. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), founded by Regulation EC 178/2002, is now in its fifth year of activity and has already gone through a positive external evaluation procedure. This paper takes the reader through the many objectives of this Organization in defining the mission of EFSA as well as the organizational structure that has been developed so far in order to meet the many challenges confronting food safety in Europe. EFSA''s working procedures are also analyzed especially in relation to the main task of ensuring high transparency and quality of the outcome. As indicated by the many results reviewed in the present paper mainly in the domains of risk assessment and risk communication, EFSA''s taking off has been very successful so far. EFSA is currently working at the forefront of science on a number of difficult issues such as, among others: (i) risk assessment of compound which are both genotoxic and carcinogenic; (ii) safety of botanicals and botanical preparations; (iii) qualified presumption of safety for micro-organisms; (iv) risk–benefit assessment; (v) nutrition and health claims; and (vi) safety of food derived from animal clones and their offsprings. The next future of EFSA will be strongly characterized by the completion and consolidation of its structure and by the further strengthening of scientific cooperation with institutions/organizations in Member States and at an international level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Brazilian ESP Project, this paper discusses why it has been able to sustain itself and develop over such a long period. The analysis focuses on two main areas of decision-making which led to this success: the structure of the project itself and the ESP methodology which was developed. Comparing the Brazilian experience with that of other projects, the paper identifies a number of decisions which determined the process-based nature of the project structure. These were crucial in ensuring a flexible and responsive administrative structure and enabled participants to feel ‘ownership’ of the project. With regard to the ESP methodology developed, the paper highlights the way that a ‘Brazilian’ or ‘Latin’ approach to the teaching of ESP was developed. In both areas the importance of using a local knowledge approach to decision-making is emphasised. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper is a summary of the lecture given by Dr. Racke at a meeting celebrating the 40th anniversary of the Neuroimmunology Branch (NIB). This talk was the keynote address given at the end of the first day of lectures after a toast given by Cedric Raine, Dale McFarlin's “brother from another mother”. Several speakers during the day gave their own musings on the reasons for the success of the NIB, and this lecture attempted to give a sense to those present of the speaker's view for the reason of this success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper is based on the inaugural talk on the occasion of the 25th anniversary if Eurosensors. It chronicles the development and expansion of the Eurosensors conference series. It tries to give a comprehensive collection of several remarkable aspects of the history of the Eurosensors conferences. How they started, what made them different and most of all, what makes them go. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Policy strategies for injury and violence prevention influence systems development, organizational change, social norms, and individual behavior to improve the health and safety of a population. Injury and violence prevention professionals should consider how their issues resonate with various audiences, including policy makers, the public, and other decision makers. As the cost of healthcare continues to rise and greater demands are placed on the healthcare system, the use of public health policy becomes increasingly critical to protect the public''s health and prevent injury and violence and its related morbidities and disabilities (Degutis, 2011). This article highlights some impactful policy successes from the field, allows us to reflect on the Injury Center''s 20th anniversary, and describes steps to address injuries and violence into the future. The purpose of this paper is to discuss policy as a public health strategy and the critical role it plays in injury and violence prevention. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Embedded into the language of the landscape and integrated into the routines of everyday life, toponymic commemorations belong to the political geography of public memory. The impact of Yitzhak Rabin’s assassination on Israeli society and culture was made apparent in a space-time matrix of public commemorations, which introduced remembrance of the slain Prime Minister into the public sphere. This article focuses on the politics of Rabin’s toponymic commemoration, evinced in decision-making procedures at local and national levels of government in various stages of the commemoration project. It expands on toponymic commemoration as a measure of conciliation for a politically divided nation and as an arena where political struggles between Left and Right were waged. The article further elaborates on public criticism of the commemoration project, which was mainly directed against what seemed excessive commemoration and inappropriate naming practices. Focused on the extraordinary circumstances of the political assassination of a head of government, this paper offers insights into how toponymic commemoration in a politically divided society unfolds between a demonstration of national consensus and expression of political conflict. It also directs attention to the question of appropriateness of commemorative naming practices in a democratic society. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: One of the greatest inventions of the 20th century, the laser, first appeared in 1960. Fifty years on, its technological innovations have revolutionized the modern world. Since the first few patents were approved to the laser inventors, numerous patents involving the laser have been granted on a worldwide scale. Rewards to the inventors were immense, including Nobel Prizes. Unsurprisingly such a rewarding area of invention led to intellectual property and patent rights disputes. This paper explores these exciting, but contentious, early years of the laser. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This is the author’s speech at the meeting in Cologne (2007) to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, which the author served as the President in 2000 to 2004. The paper narrates the author’s personal involvement in important scientific programs during the last 4 decades, including implementation of isotope techniques, oil-and-gas research, diamond research, deep-sea drilling, space research, molecular biology and the origin of life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This year, the population census decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) will celebrate its 25th anniversary. The celebration is a good reason to take a look back at this groundbreaking decision, which has lost none of its topicality and validity. It is also an occasion to examine the wave of new Bundesverfassungsgericht decisions, stemming from the beginning of 2008, on governmental surveillance and data protection, in particular the “online-searching” decision, the decision on license plate scanning, and the interim injunction to partly stop the enactment of the European data retention directive in Germany. This article is an attempt at helping overcome the language barrier that has prevented much of the world from understanding the depth and value of German legal theory on data protection [This article is thus following an appeal made by J. A. Cannataci, “Lex Personalitatis & Technology-driven Law”, scripted, Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2008, p. 3, via http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol5-1/editorial.asp.]. In Part I of this paper, published in [2009] 25 CLSR 84–88 we examined the population census decision and the German concept of informational self-determination. Part II below now deals with the aforementioned new decisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper the author examines the meaning of (celebrating) holidays in the story ‘Gulia’ and other works by Liudmila Ulitskaia. The semantics of Russian prazdn- are discussed, along with the general social-cultural function of holidays. As these can be regarded as “empty time” (cf. É. Durkheim and M. Epshtein), the way it is “filled in” becomes highly relevant for the heroine of Ulitskaia''s story and her characterization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This laudation is given in honor of the 90th birthday of Prof. Karl Rawer that coincides with the 35th anniversary of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). The ionosphere was discovered during Karl Rawer’s life, and he has dedicated his life to the exploration of this part of Earth’s environment. The horrible events of world wars I and II shaped his early life, but they also launched his career as one of the eminent geophysical scientists of the twentieth century. The paper looks back at Karl’s life and the 35 years of research and development in the framework of the IRI project. K. Rawer initiated this international modeling effort and was the first chairman of the IRI Working Group. IRI is a joint project of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) and the International Union of Radio science (URSI) that has the goal to establish an international standard model of the ionospheric densities temperatures, and drifts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The goals of this paper were to: (a) discuss the interface between dominant behavioral patterns of substance users and the development of a follow-up management model, (b) describe the components of the model, (c) present data regarding its effectiveness, (d) estimate the number of contacts for various follow-up rates, (e) explore the generalizability of the model across sub samples, and (f) present client outcome data that underscore the potential negative impact of low follow-up rates. The model has been used to follow-up over 12,000 research participants yielding over a 95% follow-up rate across seven studies (with over 90% completed within ±14 days of their anniversary date). Using data from two of these studies (n=2010, n=632), 22 contacts or less captured 70% of the participants while 33 or 38 contacts or less captured 90% in the first and second studies, respectively. When outcome variables were compared based on 70% versus 90% follow-up, the results varied by study and within study. An examination of the effect of attrition on validity in these two samples demonstrated that even the traditionally acceptable 30% level of attrition can result in significant bias and that the nature of the bias is unpredictable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper concerns a question of memory relating to an event that took place towards the end of the Indonesian war of Independence (1945-49). The event is the Serangan Oemum 1 Maret 1949, or "General Attack of 1 March, 1949", when Indonesian freedom-fighters Launched an all-out attach on Dutch positions in Yogyakarta and drove them from the city. Who was the originator of this plan? The matter became a national controversy since it involved two prominent persons: the late Sultan of Yogya, and former president Soeharto. While Soeharto. While Soeharto was in power, his own account of the event became the focus of elaborate annual commemorations: but since his fall, historians have thrown into question his account of his own role in the episode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the "Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery (JOGS)" as it celebrate its 10th year. It says that the first issue of the journal was launched in January 1997 amid a storm of controversy, containing two editorials, a review article, eight original scientific papers, commentaries on those papers, three additional original scientific papers and an obituary. Towards the end of year 5, Elsevier Inc. served as its new publisher. However, it will begin its 11th year with a new publisher, Springer Science + Business Media Inc.

Announces the founding of the Advanced Powder Technology Distinguished Paper Award for original papers published in the periodical 'Advanced Powder Technology,' in celebration of its 10th anniversary. Monetary award for the most distinguished paper; Rationale behind the founding of the award.

On November 9, 2014 Professor Gerhard Wunsch will celebrate his 90th birthday. His impact as a scientist and teacher reaches far beyond the boundaries of the Dresden University of Technology (Technische Universitaet Dresden – TUD) to where he worked for more than 40 years. In this paper a laudation for Professor Gerhard Wunsch is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]