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• This review revealed the process of flower morphogenesis and the molecular mechanisms underlying orchid morphogenesis. • The article summarizes reported flower development models in orchids, including structural genes involved in pigment synthesis pathways and transcription factors that regulate orchid flower color formation. • Additionally, the potential correlation between flower morphogenesis and color presentation in orchids is explored, providing theoretical references for genetic improvement and new variety creation. Orchidaceae is one of the largest monocotyledon families and contributes significantly to worldwide biodiversity, with value in the fields of landscaping, medicine, and ecology. The diverse phenotypes and vibrant colors of orchid floral organs make them excellent research objects for investigating flower development and pigmentation. In recent years, a number of orchid genomes have been published, laying the molecular foundation for revealing flower development and color presentation. In this article, we review transcription factors, the structural genes responsible for the floral pigment synthesis pathways, the molecular mechanisms of flower morphogenesis, and the potential relationship between flower type and flower color. This study provides a theoretical reference for the research on molecular mechanisms related to flower morphogenesis and color presentation, genetic improvement, and new variety creation in orchids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]