Search

• Diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy is higher in urban than rural hospitals. • Hemorrhages in cerebral amyloid angiopathy have less in-hospital mortality. • Hemorrhages in cerebral amyloid angiopathy have higher odds of discharge to home. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) categorized as a cerebral small vessel disease can cause lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and ischemic stroke (IS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the diagnosis of CAA based on hospital characteristics and to assess the discharge outcomes of patients with CAA admitted for IS, ICH and SAH. Adult patients admitted with secondary diagnosis of CAA were identified in National Inpatient Sample in 2016 and 2017. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate outcomes. A total of 16,040 patients had a secondary diagnosis of CAA. Among CAA patients, 1810 (11.3%) patients were admitted for IS, 4765 (29.7%) for ICH and 490 (3.1%) for SAH. Diagnosis of CAA was five-fold higher among patients admitted to urban teaching hospitals (aOR = 5.4;95% CI = 4.1–7.2) compared to rural hospitals and two-fold higher in large bed size hospitals (aOR = 2.3;95% CI = 2.0–2.7) compared to small bed size hospitals. Compared to non-CAA group, patients with history of CAA had lower odds of in-hospital mortality among patients admitted for ICH (10% vs 23%, aOR = 0.35; 95%CI = 0.27–0.44) and SAH (6% vs 19%, aOR = 0.24; 95%CI = 0.10–0.55); and higher odds of discharge to home among patients admitted for ICH (17% vs 18%, aOR = 1.27; 95%CI = 1.05–1.53). CAA diagnosis is less common in rural and small bed size hospitals compared to urban and large bedside hospitals, respectively. Patients with CAA admitted for ICH have better discharge outcomes compared to non-CAA patients admitted for ICH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the hospital- and patient-related factors associated with increased likelihood of inpatient admission and extended hospitalization. We applied multivariate logistic regression to a subset of ED hospital and patient characteristics linearly extrapolated from the 2019 National Emergency Department Sample database (n=626,508). Patient characteristics with 10 or fewer ED visits after national extrapolation were not reported in the current study to maintain patient confidentiality, in accordance with the HCUP Data Use Agreement. All selected ED visits represented a primary diagnosis of CVD (ICD-10 codes 160-168). All reported hospital and patient characteristics were subject to adjustment for covariates. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Medicare beneficiaries report higher inpatient admission rates than uninsured OR 0.81 (0.73-0.91) and privately insured OR 0.86 (0.79-0.94) individuals. Black and Native-American patients were 37% and 55% more likely to be hospitalized long (>75th percentile) (OR 1.37 [1.25-1.50], OR 1.55 [1.14-2.10]). Northeast emergency departments reported an increased odds of admission compared to the Midwest OR (0.40-0.62), South OR 0.79 (0.63-0.98) and West OR 0.52 (0.39-0.69). Patients with multiple comorbidities (mCCI = 3+) were 226% more likely to have a longer stay OR 3.26 (3.09-3.45) than patients presenting with zero or few comorbidities. Level I, II, and III trauma centers report distinctly high odds of inpatient admission (OR 3.54 [2.84-4.42], OR 2.68 [2.14-3.35], OR 1.51 [1.25-1.84]). Likelihoods of inpatient admission and long hospital stays were observably stratified through multiple, independently acting hospital and patient characteristics. Significant associations were stratified by race/ethnicity, location, and clinical presentation, among others. Attention to the factors reported here may serve well to mitigate emergency department crowding and its sobering impact on United States healthcare systems and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose: Racial/ethnic and sex disparity may occur in stroke throughout the continuum of care. Endovascular therapy (EVT) became standard of care in 2015 for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We evaluated for racial and sex differences in t-PA and EVT utilization and outcomes in 2016 in the National Inpatient Sample.Methods: Treatment rates for t-PA, EVT, and t-PA+EVT and outcomes including home discharge, in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay (pLOS) were evaluated by sex and race. Multivariate survey-logistic regression was performed to evaluate outcomes.Results: The study had 468,630 patients - 49.3% men, 50.7% women; 69.3% whites, and 30.7% non-whites. There was no difference in treatment utilization by sex, women vs men for t-PA (7.65% vs 7.76%; aOR:1.02; 95% CI:0.97-1.07), EVT (1.74% vs 1.67%; aOR:1.09; 95% CI:0.99-1.20) and t-PA+EVT (0.57% vs 0.57%; aOR:1.01; 95% CI:0.85-1.21); and by race, non-white vs white for t-PA (7.62% vs 7.74%; aOR:0.98; 95% CI:0.93-1.05), EVT (1.62% vs 1.74%; aOR:0.91; 95% CI:0.78-1.07), and t-PA+EVT(0.59% vs 0.56%; aOR:1.05; 95% CI:0.84-1.30). Compared to men, women treated with t-PA had less home discharge (37.2% vs 46.3%; aOR:0.81; 95% CI:0.72-0.90), more in-hospital mortality (5.7% vs 3.9%; aOR:1.37; 95% CI:1.06-1.77) and less pLOS (8.3% vs 9.6%; aOR:0.82; 95% CI:0.69-0.98); women treated with EVT had less home discharge (15.8% vs 23.7%; aOR:0.69; 95% CI:0.52-0.91). Compared to whites, non-whites treated with t-PA had lower odds of home discharge (42.1% vs 41.6%; aOR:0.79; 95% CI:0.69-0.90), less in-hospital mortality (3.7% vs 5.3%; aOR:0.65; 95% CI:0.49-0.87), and higher pLOS (11.4% vs 7.9%; aOR:1.3; 95% CI:1.07-1.56); non-whites treated with EVT had less home discharge (18%vs 20.2%; aOR:0.70; 95% CI:0.51-0.97) and higher pLOS (35.1% vs 24%; aOR:1.52; 95% CI:1.16-1.99).Conclusion: Sex and racial disparity exists for outcomes of t-PA and EVT despite no difference in utilization rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]