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• CNFs reinforced pure cellulose paper (CCP) was prepared by facile filtration process. • The ionic conductivity of CCP with 20 wt.% CNFs was 25 % higher compared to polypropylene (PP) separator. • The tensile of CCP with 20 wt.% CNFs was 227 % higher compared to cellulose paper (CP) separator. • CCP with 20 wt.% CNFs has better working stability than control. • The LIB assembled with CCP separator displays better cycle performance than control. Separator is a vital component of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its important roles in the safety and electrochemical performance of the batteries. Herein, we reported a cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) reinforced pure cellulose paper (CCP) as a LIBs separator fabricated by a facile filtration process. The nanosized CNFs played crucial roles as a tuner to optimize the pore size of the as-prepared CCP, and also as a reinforcer to improve the mechanical strength of the resultant CCP. Results showed that the tensile strength of the CCP with 20 wt.% CNFs was 227 % higher compared to the commercial cellulose separator. In addition, the lithium cobalt oxide/lithium metal battery assembled with CCP separator displayed better cycle performance and working stability (capacity retention ratio of 91 % after 100 cycles) compared to the batteries with cellulose separator (52 %) and polypropylene separator (84 %) owing to the multiple synergies between CCP separator and electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Potential of cellulose nanofibrils for electronic was highlighted. • Application of cellulose nanofibril-based materials for SCs, LIBs, and solar cells is reviewed. • Challenges of cellulose nanofibril-based energy storage devices were reviewed. In recent years, extensive efforts have been devoted to electronic miniaturization and integration. Accordingly, heating up of electronics has become a critical problem that needs to be urgently solved by efficient and reliable thermal management. Electronic device substrates made of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit outstanding flexibility, mechanical properties, and optical properties. Combining CNFs with high-thermal-conductivly fillers is an effective thermal management technique. This paper focuses on the thermal management of electronic devices and highlights the potential of CNF-based materials for efficient thermal management of energy storage electronic such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells. A high-thermal-conductivity composite material for electronic devices can be obtained by combining CNFs as the framework material with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and inorganic nitrides. Moreover, The research progress in the application of CNFs-based materials for supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells is highlighted, and the emerging challenges of different CNFs-based energy storage devices are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]